CN-121994529-A - Lunar surface drilling method based on high-energy electron beam technology

CN121994529ACN 121994529 ACN121994529 ACN 121994529ACN-121994529-A

Abstract

The invention provides a lunar surface drilling method based on a high-energy electron beam technology, which adopts a high-energy electron beam as a non-contact hot knife, and enables lunar soil to be melted in situ and condensed through annular or conical cutting to form a high-strength vitrified lining layer with lunar soil samples packaged inside, wherein the high-strength vitrified lining layer is used as a vitrified sleeve generated in situ, the lunar soil samples which are not affected by heat inside are tightly wrapped and solidified to form lunar soil sample monomers protected by the high-strength vitrified lining layer, and further the in-situ packaging of the lunar soil samples is realized. The invention relates to a lunar surface drilling and in-situ packaging sampling method based on a high-energy electron beam technology, in particular to a method for drilling, sampling and melting pore-forming on the lunar surface by using the high-energy electron beam technology, which is suitable for lunar scientific detection, in-situ resource utilization and base construction and provides more technical means for lunar mineral resource detection and exploitation.

Inventors

WANG GONG
LI LIANG
WANG TONGCAI
HU WENXIANG
Zhang Rihan

Assignees

中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260312

Claims (10)

1. A lunar surface drilling method based on a high-energy electron beam technology is characterized by comprising the steps of adopting a high-energy electron beam as a non-contact hot knife, melting lunar soil in situ through annular or conical cutting, condensing to form a high-strength vitrified lining layer internally packaged with lunar soil samples, and tightly packaging and solidifying the lunar soil samples which are not affected by heat in the high-strength vitrified lining layer as a vitrified sleeve generated in situ to form lunar soil sample monomers protected by the high-strength vitrified lining layer, so that in-situ packaging of the lunar soil samples is realized.
2. The lunar surface drilling method based on the high-energy electron beam technique according to claim 1, wherein the lunar soil comprises surface lunar soil and deep lunar rock.
3. The lunar surface drilling method based on the high-energy electron beam technique according to claim 1, wherein the method for forming the high-strength vitrified lining layer with lunar soil sample encapsulated therein by melting and condensing lunar soil in situ through annular or conical cutting by adopting high-energy electron beams as non-contact hot knives comprises: The high-energy electron beam drills along an annular track, the annular track of the high-energy electron beam precisely defines an annular action area on a horizontal plane, the annular action area is used for depositing energy, the high-energy electron beam enables local temperature of the annular action area to instantaneously break through 3000 ℃ to trigger lunar soil of the annular action area to generate phase change, a fused substance mixed with gas, liquid and solid phases is formed, and because moon is in a natural ultrahigh vacuum environment and a microgravity environment, the fused substance in the annular action area is spread on a wall surface by surface tension and rapidly condensed to form the high-strength vitrified lining layer with corresponding thickness, and in addition, through control of the annular track of the high-energy electron beam, the central sample area of the annular action area is prevented from being directly bombarded by the high-energy electron beam, and original layer physical information of lunar soil samples is maintained.
4. A lunar surface drilling method based on high energy electron beam technology according to claim 3, wherein the annular region of action is a region formed between the inner and outer diameters of the annular trajectory.
5. The lunar surface drilling method based on the high-energy electron beam technique according to claim 1, wherein the method for forming the high-strength vitrified lining layer with lunar soil sample encapsulated therein by melting and condensing lunar soil in situ through annular or conical cutting by adopting high-energy electron beams as non-contact hot knives comprises: step S1, acquiring lunar surface environment information of a drilling target area; step S2, calculating by adopting a preset parameter matching model according to the lunar surface environmental information to obtain drilling operation parameter basic values of the drilling target area at different drilling depths h; step S3, planning a dynamic scanning path of the electron beam and multi-freedom-degree deflection control parameters; Step S4, lunar surface drilling operation: The high-energy electron beam drilling device emits corresponding high-energy electron beams according to the basic value of the drilling operation parameters, deflects the high-energy electron beams according to the multi-degree-of-freedom deflection control parameters and drills the drilling target area according to the dynamic scanning path of the electron beams, so that lunar soil is melted in situ through annular or conical cutting and condensed to form a high-strength vitrified lining layer with lunar soil samples packaged inside; and S5, integrally extracting the high-strength vitrified lining layer internally packaged with the lunar soil sample under the mechanical assistance.
6. The lunar surface drilling method based on the high-energy electron beam technology according to claim 5, wherein the lunar surface environmental information of the drilling target area comprises lunar soil particle size distribution, lunar soil shape characteristics, lunar soil layered structure, lunar soil thermophysical properties and lunar soil chemical mineral components, and the lunar soil layered structure comprises characteristics and depth ranges of surface lunar soil and characteristics and depth ranges of deep layer lunar rocks.
7. The lunar surface drilling method based on the high-energy electron beam technique according to claim 5, wherein the step S2 comprises: Inputting the lunar surface environmental information of different drilling depths h into the parameter matching model, and outputting drilling operation parameter basic values of each drilling depth h by the parameter matching model, wherein the drilling operation parameters comprise acceleration voltage, beam intensity and focused beam spot diameter of a high-energy electron beam; according to the nonlinear difference of lunar soil physical properties of different drilling depths h, the drilling operation parameter basic values have the following two configuration schemes: (1) Pore-forming matching scheme for surface lunar soil When the drilling depth h is in loose and low-density surface lunar soil, setting the accelerating voltage, beam intensity and focused beam spot diameter of the high-energy electron beam, namely setting the accelerating voltage to be at a low value, increasing the focused beam spot diameter to be at a maximum value, switching to a certain beam intensity and continuously outputting the high-energy electron beam; (2) Impact drilling matching scheme for deep moonrock When the drilling depth h is positioned in deep hard moonrock, the principle of setting the accelerating voltage, the beam current intensity and the focused beam spot diameter of the high-energy electron beam is that the accelerating voltage is positioned at a high value, the focused beam spot diameter is compressed to a minimum value, and the high-energy electron beam is switched to a high-frequency pulse mode to output the high-energy electron beam, under the working condition, the high-energy electron beam is focused on heat deposition with a smaller area and acts on the moonrock through extremely high energy density, a severe instantaneous thermal stress gradient is generated in the moonrock, thermal cracking and local gasification of the moonrock material are caused, and the high-efficiency stripping of the deep hard moonrock is realized by utilizing recoil pressure generated by gasification.
8. The lunar surface drilling method based on the high-energy electron beam technique according to claim 5, wherein the step S3 comprises: Step S31, setting a round lunar surface with an initial scanning radius R 1 at the lunar surface horizontal plane of the drilling target area, wherein the deflection angle of the high-energy electron beam relative to the lunar surface horizontal plane is According to the initial scan radius R 1 and deflection angle Determining a sampling plane with a scanning radius of R 2 at a target sampling depth h 1 and meeting a relation ; A conical dynamic scanning path is formed between a circular lunar surface with a scanning radius of R 1 and a sampling plane with a scanning radius of R 2 , specifically, in the high-energy electron beam drilling process, the instantaneous scanning radius R (h) of the high-energy electron beam is dynamically calculated and adjusted according to the real-time drilling depth h, and the following linear function relation is followed: ; the annular area corresponding to the instantaneous scanning radius R (h) is the dynamic scanning path of the high-energy electron beam at the real-time drilling depth h; Step S32, the multi-degree-of-freedom deflection control parameters comprise deflection frequency; And S33, when the real-time drilling depth h is reached, focusing the tail end of the high-energy electron beam into a beam spot with a set range, controlling the beam spot of the high-energy electron beam to execute high-speed annular movement along an annular track corresponding to the calculated instantaneous scanning radius R (h) by an electromagnetic deflection system at a preset deflection frequency, and accurately defining a conical heat action zone contracted from R 1 to R 2 in the three-dimensional space of the drilling target area.
9. The lunar surface drilling method based on the high-energy electron beam technique according to claim 5, wherein the step S4 is specifically: Step S41, starting a high-energy electron beam drilling device, emitting high-energy electron beams to execute drilling operation according to a drilling operation parameter basic value when the drilling depth h=0, and monitoring the current drilling depth h in real time through a high-precision displacement sensor; Step S42, collecting local temperature at the current drilling depth h in real time in the drilling operation process, and inputting the current drilling depth h, the local temperature, high-energy electron beam scanning energy and scanning time into a pre-constructed BP neural network model in real time; Comparing the molding quality of the glass lining layer obtained by prediction with a preset glass tube wall standard, and further judging whether the molding quality of the glass lining layer obtained by prediction meets molding requirements, if so, obtaining drilling operation optimization parameters at the next moment according to current drilling operation parameters, and continuously drilling until reaching a target sampling depth h 1 , and if not, executing a step S43; Step S43, according to the drilling operation parameter basic values of different drilling depths h set in step S2, the current drilling operation parameters are adjusted to the drilling operation parameter basic values corresponding to the current drilling depth h, the step S42 is returned after a set time interval, if the set times of circulation are not met, the drilling sampling is finished in the drilling target area, and the drilling sampling is performed in other adjacent areas.
10. The lunar surface drilling method based on the high-energy electron beam technique according to claim 5, wherein the step S5 comprises: Starting a mechanical recovery device to enter a drilling hole, wherein the high-strength vitrified lining layer provides enough structural support strength and serves as a physical barrier, a mechanical grabbing mechanism of the mechanical recovery device enters the bottom along the smooth high-strength vitrified lining layer, and the combination consisting of the high-strength vitrified lining layer and lunar soil samples is grabbed and extracted in situ, so that the lunar soil samples with specific depth are accurately obtained, and the lunar soil samples are not scattered or layered in the extraction process.

Description

Lunar surface drilling method based on high-energy electron beam technology Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of lunar exploration and resource development, in particular to a lunar surface drilling method based on a high-energy electron beam technology. Background As the nearest star to the earth, the moon is the first test field in the field of deep space exploration. The moon contains abundant mineral resources such as ilmenite, silicate, kripse (unique moon minerals, rich in potassium, phosphorus and rare earth elements) and a large amount of helium-3 resources. The detection of lunar mineral resources is the basis of the later lunar base construction and deep space detection activities. It is worth noting that the lunar surface sample cannot acquire abundant information, so that a physical geological sample with a depth of tens or hundreds of meters is indispensable for lunar exploration. The traditional lunar surface drilling technology (such as mechanical drill and ultrasonic drill) has the problems of drill bit abrasion, lunar dust clamping stagnation, high energy consumption and the like. The natural high vacuum environment of moon provides ideal conditions for electron beam technology, and new drilling technology combined with special environment of moon surface needs to be developed. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a lunar surface drilling method based on a high-energy electron beam technology, which can effectively solve the problems. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a lunar surface drilling method based on a high-energy electron beam technology, which comprises the steps of adopting a high-energy electron beam as a non-contact hot knife, melting lunar soil in situ through annular or conical cutting, condensing to form a high-strength vitrified lining layer internally packaged with lunar soil samples, and tightly packaging and solidifying the lunar soil samples which are not affected by heat in the high-strength vitrified lining layer as a vitrified sleeve generated in situ to form lunar soil sample monomers protected by the high-strength vitrified lining layer, so as to realize in-situ packaging of the lunar soil samples. Further, the lunar soil comprises surface lunar soil and deep lunar rock. Further, the method adopts a high-energy electron beam as a non-contact hot knife, and the lunar soil is melted and condensed in situ through annular or conical cutting to form a high-strength vitrified lining layer with the lunar soil sample encapsulated inside, and the method comprises the following steps: The high-energy electron beam drills along an annular track, the annular track of the high-energy electron beam precisely defines an annular action area on a horizontal plane, the annular action area is used for depositing energy, the high-energy electron beam enables local temperature of the annular action area to instantaneously break through 3000 ℃ to trigger lunar soil of the annular action area to generate phase change, a fused substance mixed with gas, liquid and solid phases is formed, and because moon is in a natural ultrahigh vacuum environment and a microgravity environment, the fused substance in the annular action area is spread on a wall surface by surface tension and rapidly condensed to form the high-strength vitrified lining layer with corresponding thickness, and in addition, through control of the annular track of the high-energy electron beam, the central sample area of the annular action area is prevented from being directly bombarded by the high-energy electron beam, and original layer physical information of lunar soil samples is maintained. Further, the annular action zone is a zone formed between an inner diameter and an outer diameter of the annular track. Further, the method adopts a high-energy electron beam as a non-contact hot knife, and the lunar soil is melted and condensed in situ through annular or conical cutting to form a high-strength vitrified lining layer with the lunar soil sample encapsulated inside, and the method comprises the following steps: step S1, acquiring lunar surface environment information of a drilling target area; step S2, calculating by adopting a preset parameter matching model according to the lunar surface environmental information to obtain drilling operation parameter basic values of the drilling target area at different drilling depths h; step S3, planning a dynamic scanning path of the electron beam and multi-freedom-degree deflection control parameters; Step S4, lunar surface drilling operation: The high-energy electron beam drilling device emits corresponding high-energy electron beams according to the basic value of the drilling operation parameters, deflects the high-energy electron beams according to the multi-degree-of-freedom deflection control parameters and drills the drilling target area ac