Search

CN-121994533-A - Micro-plastic acquisition device and method

CN121994533ACN 121994533 ACN121994533 ACN 121994533ACN-121994533-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a micro-plastic acquisition device and a method. The invention comprises a sampling unit, an eluting position, a filter screen mechanism and a first filter screen rotary driving mechanism and a second filter screen rotary driving mechanism, wherein the sampling unit is used for collecting a target water sample, the eluting unit is used for providing eluting water, the sampling position is provided with a sampling water outlet communicated with the sampling unit, the eluting position is provided with an eluting water outlet communicated with the eluting unit, the mobile supporting structure is arranged between the sampling position and the eluting position, the filter screen mechanism comprises a filter screen unit and a filter screen operating device, the filter screen unit comprises a mobile frame movably arranged on the mobile supporting structure, a rotary toothed ring which is arranged on the mobile frame in a turnover manner and provided with an outer gear ring, and a filter screen body arranged on the rotary toothed ring, and the first filter screen rotary driving mechanism and the second filter screen rotary driving mechanism are respectively arranged at the sampling position and the eluting position and can be respectively butted with the filter screen unit at corresponding positions so as to drive the corresponding rotary toothed ring to rotate. The invention improves the overall sampling efficiency.

Inventors

  • DONG TIANYU
  • ZHANG KUN
  • YU XIAOLIANG
  • SHEN YIBO
  • XIA GUANGPING
  • PAN MENGYU
  • WU JING
  • XU FENG
  • WANG ZHENYU
  • SHEN AICHUN
  • XU JIANQIU
  • Dai QIANZI
  • ZHANG JUNYI
  • XU BIN
  • XU ZHAOAN

Assignees

  • 太湖流域水文水资源监测中心（太湖流域水环境监测中心）

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260127

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a little plastics collection system which characterized in that, includes mounting frame (100), be provided with on mounting frame (100): the sampling unit (1) is used for collecting a target water sample; an elution unit (2) for providing elution water; the sampling position (110) is provided with a sampling water outlet (11) communicated with the sampling unit (1); An elution site (120) provided with an elution water outlet (21) communicating with the elution unit (2); -a mobile support structure (3) arranged between the sampling site (110) and the elution site (120); The filter screen mechanism (4) is positioned below the sampling water outlet (11) and the eluting water outlet (21), the filter screen mechanism (4) comprises a filter screen unit (5) and a filter screen operation device (6), the filter screen unit (5) comprises a movable frame (51) movably arranged on the movable supporting structure (3), a rotary toothed ring (52) which is arranged on the movable frame (51) in a reversible manner and provided with an outer toothed ring, and a filter screen body (53) which is arranged on the rotary toothed ring (52), the filter screen operation device (6) can drive the filter screen unit (5) to translate between the sampling position (110) and the eluting position (120), and drive the filter screen unit (5) to turn over so as to realize the turn-over of the filter screen body (53); A first filter screen rotation driving mechanism (71) and a second filter screen rotation driving mechanism (72) which are respectively arranged at the sampling position (110) and the elution position (120) and can be respectively in butt joint with the filter screen units (5) at corresponding positions so as to drive the corresponding rotary toothed rings (52) to rotate; When the filter screen unit (5) is positioned at the sampling position (110), a target water sample is conveyed to the surface of the filter screen body (53) through the sampling water outlet (11) for filtering, and when the filter screen unit (5) is positioned at the eluting position (120), eluting water is provided for the turned filter screen body (53) through the eluting water outlet (21) so as to realize backflushing elution of micro plastic particles on the filter screen body (53).
  2. 2. A micro plastic collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the first screen rotation driving mechanism (71) and the second screen rotation driving mechanism (72) each comprise a screen rotation driving motor (711) and a driving gear (712) connected to an output end of the screen rotation driving motor (711), and the driving gear (712) is capable of meshing with an outer gear ring of the rotary toothed ring (52).
  3. 3. A micro plastic collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the filter screen unit (5) further comprises a filter screen rotating bearing (54) for supporting the rotating toothed ring (52) to rotate and rotatably mounted on the moving frame (51), the rotating toothed ring (52) is provided with two, the filter screen body (53) is clamped on the inner ring of the filter screen rotating bearing (54) through the two rotating toothed rings (52), and the annular directions of the two opposite surfaces of the two rotating toothed rings (52) are provided with corresponding magnetic attraction mounting points (521).
  4. 4. A micro plastic collecting device according to claim 3, wherein a turnover shaft (55) is arranged between the filter screen rotating bearing (54) and the movable frame (51), the filter screen operating device (6) comprises a turnover limiting device (61) and a rotary handle (62), the turnover limiting device (61) comprises a first magnetic chuck (61 a) and a second magnetic chuck (61 b), and corresponding rotary limiting magnetic attraction positioning points (611) are circumferentially distributed on one surfaces of the first magnetic chuck (61 a) and the second magnetic chuck (61 b) opposite to each other at respective central points; The first magnetic chuck (61 a) is installed in the side end of the movable frame (51), a connecting port (612) axially extends from the center of the second magnetic chuck (61 b), the overturning shaft (55) extends out of the center of the first magnetic chuck (61 a) and then is connected with the connecting port (612), the rotary handle (62) is connected with the connecting port (612), and a direction indicator (613) for indicating the overturning direction of the filter screen body (53) is radially arranged on the second magnetic chuck (61 b).
  5. 5. The micro plastic collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the movable supporting structure (3) comprises a bracket (31) and a rack (32) arranged on the bracket (31), the movable rack (51) is provided with a movable gear (511) meshed with the rack (32), or the movable supporting structure (3) comprises a bracket (31) and a guide rail arranged on the bracket (31), and the movable rack (51) is provided with a sliding block connected to the guide rail in a sliding way.
  6. 6. The micro plastic collecting device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the moving frame (51) facing the first filter screen rotation driving mechanism (71) and one end of the second filter screen rotation driving mechanism (72) are respectively provided with a first translation limiting magnetic attraction positioner (512), and the first filter screen rotation driving mechanism (71) and the second filter screen rotation driving mechanism (72) are respectively provided with a second translation limiting magnetic attraction positioner (713) matched with the first translation limiting magnetic attraction positioner (512) so as to realize magnetic attraction fixation of the filter screen unit (5) at the sampling position (110) and the elution position (120).
  7. 7. The micro-plastic collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the sampling unit (1) comprises a sampling water tank (12) and a collecting water pump (13), a first filter screen (14) is arranged at a sample inlet of the sampling water tank (12), a water tank water outlet (15) is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the sampling water tank (12), a slope structure (121) inclining towards the water tank water outlet (15) is arranged at the bottom of the sampling water tank (12), and the collecting water pump (13) is connected with the water tank water outlet (15) and is used for conveying a target water sample to the sampling water outlet (11) through a water sample conveying pipe (18); A waste water tank (16) is arranged between the lower part of the sampling water outlet (11) and the upper part of the sampling water tank (12), a waste water outlet (17) is arranged on the side wall of the waste water tank (16), and a second filter screen is arranged on the water bearing surface of the waste water tank (16).
  8. 8. The micro-plastic collecting device according to claim 7, wherein the eluting unit (2) comprises an eluting water bottle (22) and an eluting water pump (23) which are connected, the eluting water pump (23) conveys eluting water in the eluting water bottle (22) to the eluting water outlet (21) through an eluting water conveying pipe (25), a duckbill spray nozzle (24) is connected at the eluting water outlet (21), the distance between the duckbill spray nozzle (24) and the filter screen body (53) and the nozzle size of the duckbill spray nozzle (24) are configured so that the width of a fan-shaped water curtain formed by spraying is not smaller than the diameter of the filter screen body (53), a sampling bottle (9) is arranged below the eluting water outlet (21), and a micro-plastic particle collecting funnel (91) is arranged at the bottle mouth of the sampling bottle (9).
  9. 9. The microplastic collecting device according to claim 8, wherein a control system (8) is arranged at the top end of the mounting frame (100), the control system (8) comprises a control panel (81), a main control unit (82) and a power supply module (83), the power supply module (83) is used for supplying power to the collecting water pump (13), the eluting water pump (23), the control panel (81), the main control unit (82), the first filter screen rotary driving mechanism (71) and the second filter screen rotary driving mechanism (72), the main control unit (82) is electrically connected with the control panel (81), the collecting water pump (13), the eluting water pump (23), the first filter screen rotary driving mechanism (71) and the second filter screen rotary driving mechanism (72), a collecting start button (84), an eluting start button (85), a functional status display screen (86) and a main power switch (87) are arranged on the control panel (81), and the main control unit (82) can respond to the eluting start button (84) on the control panel (81) and the main control panel (85) to control the collecting water pump (13) respectively, the elution water pump (23) is started and stopped with the first filter screen rotation driving mechanism (71) and the second filter screen rotation driving mechanism (72).
  10. 10. A method of microplastic acquisition, characterized in that it uses a microplastic acquisition device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, said method comprising: adding a target water sample into the sampling unit (1); The filter screen unit (5) is moved to the sampling position (110) along the movable supporting structure (3) through the filter screen operation device (6), the sampling water outlet (11) faces the filter screen body (53) at the moment, the sampling unit (1) is started to convey the target water sample to the sampling water outlet (11), meanwhile, the first filter screen rotary driving mechanism (71) is controlled to drive the rotary toothed ring (52) to rotate, the target water sample is filtered through the filter screen body (53), and micro plastic particles with the particle size larger than the aperture of the filter screen body (53) are trapped on the surface of the filter screen body (53); After water sample filtration is completed, the filter screen unit (5) is driven to translate to the elution position (120) along the movable supporting structure (3) through the filter screen operation device (6), and the filter screen body (53) is overturned through the filter screen operation device (6), so that the back surface of the filter screen body (53) faces the elution water outlet (21); The elution unit (2) is started, elution water is sprayed to the back of the filter screen body (53) through the elution water outlet (21), and under the action that the second filter screen rotary driving mechanism (72) drives the rotary toothed ring (52) to rotate, the surface of the filter screen body (53) is covered, so that micro plastic particles trapped on the filter screen body (53) are subjected to backflushing elution.

Description

Micro-plastic acquisition device and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of novel pollutant monitoring and sampling devices, in particular to a microplastic collecting device and a microplastic collecting method. Background Microplastic is a water-insoluble solid plastic particulate with a size of less than 5mm in the environment, and the potential threat of these microplastic to ecosystems and human health is increasingly prominent, and is the focus of global environmental research. The microplastic has three characteristics of environmental durability, bioaccumulation and migration complexity, can exist in a water environment for a long time and migrate along with water flow for a long distance, and can be used as a carrier of other pollutants at the same time, so that ecological risks are aggravated. Microplastic in the environment medium is listed as an important control object in a new pollutant treatment action scheme issued by the office of the national institutes of Care in 2022. The requirement of monitoring and evaluating the particulate pollutants in the water environment is further specified by the 'key management and control new pollutant list' issued by the ecological environment department in 2024. Monitoring of microplastic in a water environment is therefore highly desirable. The existing landmark water body microplastic collecting schemes can be classified into a trawl method and a filter screen filtering method, the trawl method cannot be used in a water area with a narrow area, the filter screen filtering method relies on manual water sample sieving and flushing, the general process is that 20 liters of water sample are collected and sequentially pass through a stainless steel filter screen with the aperture of 5 mm and a stainless steel filter screen with the aperture of 5 microns, and the microplastic collected on the filter screen with the aperture of 5 microns is eluted into a sampling bottle by pure water. The whole steps of the manual filter screen filtering method are tedious, time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the standardization cannot be controlled in the process of manually passing through the filter screen after water collection or flushing the micro-plastics filtered on the filter screen, so that the uniform flushing of all the micro-plastics cannot be ensured, and the follow-up detection data is affected. An automatic micro-plastic sampling device is developed to solve the problems that the collection consistency of different points is difficult to ensure in the collection of a micro-plastic filter screen filtration method, the collection and elution of micro-plastic particles are not thorough enough, and the operation of the collection process is complex. Disclosure of Invention Therefore, the invention provides a device and a method for collecting micro plastic, which are used for solving the problems that the collection consistency of different points is difficult to ensure in the collection of a micro plastic filter screen filtration method, the collection and elution of micro plastic particles are not thorough, and the operation of the collection process is complicated. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a micro plastic collecting device, which comprises a mounting frame, wherein the mounting frame is provided with: the sampling unit is used for collecting a target water sample; an elution unit for providing elution water; the sampling position is provided with a sampling water outlet communicated with the sampling unit; eluting positions are provided with eluting water outlets communicated with the eluting units; the movable supporting structure is arranged between the sampling position and the eluting position; The filter screen mechanism is positioned below the sampling water outlet and the eluting water outlet, and comprises a filter screen unit and a filter screen operation device, wherein the filter screen unit comprises a movable frame which is movably arranged on the movable supporting structure, a rotary toothed ring which is arranged on the movable frame in a turnover manner and is provided with an outer gear ring, and a filter screen body which is arranged on the rotary toothed ring; The first filter screen rotary driving mechanism and the second filter screen rotary driving mechanism are respectively arranged at the sampling position and the eluting position, and can be respectively in butt joint with the filter screen units at corresponding positions so as to drive the corresponding rotary toothed rings to rotate; when the filter screen unit is in the eluting position, water for eluting is provided for the turned filter screen body through the eluting water outlet, so that the back flushing elution of the micro plastic particles on the filter screen body is realized. In one embodiment of the invention, the first filter screen rotation driving mechanism and the second filter screen rotation