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CN-121994578-A - Method for rapidly identifying decomposition degree of liquid fertilizer of tail vegetables and mixer used by method

CN121994578ACN 121994578 ACN121994578 ACN 121994578ACN-121994578-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for rapidly identifying the decomposition degree of a liquid fertilizer of a tail vegetable and a mixer used by the method, which belong to the field of detection of the liquid fertilizer of the tail vegetable, wherein a valve core is moved outwards to enable a sampling port to be opened, a first flow channel inlet and a first flow channel outlet to be closed at the same time, then a diluent is extracted by using the sampling port, the valve core is moved inwards to enable the sampling port to be closed, a mixing passage is formed at the same time, a piston is pressed downwards, and the diluent flows into a detection cavity through a flow channel; and then the supernatant of the liquid fertilizer of the tail vegetables to be identified can be sent into the detection cavity according to the same process, the piston is lifted to the upper end of the piston cavity, the mixed liquid gradually flows into the piston cavity, the piston is pressed downwards, the mixed liquid flows into the detection cavity again, the diluent and the supernatant are circulated for a plurality of times, the mixed liquid can be sent into the detection cavity uniformly, the absorbance detection is convenient, and the purposes of quickly and accurately collecting, preparing a sample and identifying whether the liquid fertilizer of the tail vegetables is well decomposed by basic staff are achieved.

Inventors

  • Weng Aiqun
  • LI JIACHENG
  • LIU QIMING
  • ZENG QIAO
  • SHEN YUE
  • LU YATING
  • WANG XIN
  • REN MIAO
  • LI RUI
  • Wei Yuanying
  • MA XINYI

Assignees

  • 泾阳县蔬菜产业服务中心
  • 陕西科技大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260316

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The mixer for rapidly identifying the decomposition degree of the liquid fertilizer of the tail vegetables is characterized by comprising a valve body (1), a piston cavity (3) and a detection cavity (4) which are vertically distributed, wherein scales are carved on the outer wall of the piston cavity (3), and a piston (5) is arranged in the piston cavity (3); One end of the upper surface of the valve body (1) is provided with a protruding ring (11) in an upward extending mode along the vertical direction, a boss (12) is arranged in a downward extending mode, a sampling port (121) in the boss (12) extends to the upper surface of the valve body (1) and is positioned in the protruding ring (11), the other end of the upper surface of the valve body (1) is provided with a protruding part (13) in an upward extending mode along the vertical direction, the protruding ring (11) is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the bottom of the piston cavity (3), and the protruding part (13) is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the bottom of the detection cavity (4); A mounting hole (14) which is in clearance fit with the valve core (2) is formed in a side wall of the valve body (1) away from the protruding ring (11) from outside to inside along the horizontal direction, the tail end of the mounting hole (14) is communicated with the sampling port (121), the valve core (2) is movably inserted into the mounting hole (14), a first flow channel inlet (15) is formed in the protruding ring (11) at a position which is spaced from the sampling port (121), a first flow channel outlet (16) is formed in the protrusion (13), and a flow channel (23), a second flow channel inlet (21) and a second flow channel outlet (22) which are communicated with two ends of the flow channel (23) are formed in the valve core (2); The tail end of the valve core (2) passes through the mounting hole (14) and then is attached to the inner wall of the sampling port (121), the first runner inlet (15) is communicated with the second runner inlet (21), and the first runner outlet (16) is communicated with the second runner outlet (22).
  2. 2. The mixer for rapidly identifying the liquid manure decomposition degree of the tail vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the inner wall of the piston cavity (3) is the same as the outer diameter of the bottom plate (51) of the piston (5), and the upper port of the piston cavity (3) is provided with a finger rest (52) extending along the horizontal direction.
  3. 3. The mixer for rapidly identifying the liquid fertilizer maturity degree of the tail vegetables according to claim 1, further comprising an upper cover (6), wherein two ends of the lower surface of the upper cover (6) are respectively extended downwards to form protruding rings which are in plug-in fit with the inner walls of the piston cavity (3) and the detection cavity (4), and an upper cover hole (61) for accommodating a cross-shaped connecting rod of the piston (5) is formed in the position, corresponding to the piston cavity (3), of the upper surface of the upper cover (6); one side of the length direction of the detection cavity (4) is spliced on the arc-shaped outer wall of the corresponding side of the piston cavity (3), the upper end and the lower end of the detection cavity (4) are respectively flush with the upper end and the lower end of the piston cavity (3), one end of the upper cover (6) is spliced at the opening of the detection cavity (4), and the other end of the upper cover is spliced at the opening of the piston cavity (3).
  4. 4. The mixer for rapidly identifying the liquid manure maturity level of the tail vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer side end of the valve core (2) is provided with a pressing button (8).
  5. 5. The mixer for rapidly identifying the liquid fertilizer maturity degree of the tail vegetables according to claim 4 is characterized by further comprising a buckle (7) which is in plug-in fit with one side of the valve body (1), wherein the inner wall of the buckle (7) is attached to one side wall of a mounting hole (14) formed in the valve body (1), the valve core (2) is movably plugged in the mounting hole (14) after penetrating through a corresponding side plate of the buckle (7), a spring (9) is sleeved on the valve core (2), one end of the spring (9) is in contact with the inner wall of the pressing button (8), and the other end of the spring is in contact with the outer wall of the buckle (7); When the spring (9) is in a natural state, a space is reserved between the tail end of the valve core (2) and the inner wall of the sampling port (121), and when the spring (9) is in a compressed state, the tail end of the valve core (2) can be attached to the inner wall of the sampling port (121).
  6. 6. The mixer for rapidly identifying the liquid fertilizer maturity degree of the tail vegetables according to claim 5, characterized in that one end section of the valve body (1) provided with the mounting hole (14) is rectangular, the main body of the buckle (7) is L-shaped, a plurality of clamping bamboo shoots (71) distributed at intervals are arranged on the upper surface of the buckle (7), corresponding fixing openings (17) are formed in positions, corresponding to the clamping bamboo shoots (71), of the valve body (1), and each clamping bamboo shoot (71) is inserted into the corresponding fixing opening (17).
  7. 7. The mixer for rapidly identifying the liquid fertilizer maturity degree of the tail vegetables according to claim 5, wherein the number of the clamping bamboo shoots (71) is two, the clamping bamboo shoots are symmetrically distributed along the two ends close to the clamping buckle (7), a first notch (72) with a rectangular structure is formed in the center of a side plate of the clamping buckle (7), and the upper end and the lower end of the first notch (72) are respectively flush with the upper end and the lower end of the side plate; A second notch (24) which is horizontally distributed is formed in one end, close to the pressing button (8), of the valve core (2), a positioning groove is formed in the second notch (24) on the valve core (2), when the valve core (2) moves in the mounting hole (14), two side walls of the first notch (72) are always in contact with the inner surface of the positioning groove, and after the tail end of the valve core (2) is attached to the inner wall of the sampling port (121), the first runner inlet (15) is communicated with the second runner inlet (21), and meanwhile the first runner outlet (16) is communicated with the second runner outlet (22).
  8. 8. The mixer for rapidly identifying the liquid fertilizer maturity degree of the tail vegetables according to claim 7, wherein the main body structure of the valve core (2) is cylindrical, the mounting holes (14) are cylindrical, the number of the positioning grooves is two, the positioning grooves are symmetrically distributed along the axial direction of the valve core (2), and the inner surfaces of the positioning grooves are distributed along the vertical direction.
  9. 9. A method for rapidly identifying the degree of maturity of a liquid fertilizer for a tail vegetable, which is characterized in that the mixer for rapidly identifying the degree of maturity of a liquid fertilizer for a tail vegetable according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1, moving a valve core (2) outwards to enable a sampling port (121) to be opened, simultaneously enabling a first flow channel inlet (15) to be closed with a first flow channel outlet (16), then according to scales on a piston cavity (3), extracting a set volume of diluent by utilizing the sampling port (121) in a boss (12), and then moving the valve core (2) inwards to enable the sampling port (121) to be closed, simultaneously enabling the first flow channel inlet (15) to be communicated with a second flow channel inlet (21), enabling the first flow channel outlet (16) to be communicated with a second flow channel outlet (22) to form a mixing channel, pressing a piston (5) downwards, and enabling the diluent to flow into a detection cavity (4) through a flow channel (23); S2, feeding a set volume of liquid fertilizer supernatant of the tail vegetables to be identified into a detection cavity (4) according to the process of S1, then lifting a piston (5) to the upper end of a piston cavity (3), gradually flowing mixed liquid into the piston cavity (3), then pressing the piston (5) downwards, flowing the mixed liquid into the detection cavity (4) again, circulating for a plurality of times, and uniformly mixing the diluent and the supernatant; S3, delivering the uniformly mixed liquid into a detection cavity (4), placing a mixer containing the liquid into a sample chamber of a spectrophotometer for detecting absorbance, and determining whether the liquid fertilizer of the tail vegetables to be identified is well decomposed or not according to the obtained data.
  10. 10. The method for rapidly identifying the rotten degree of the liquid fertilizer of the tail vegetables according to claim 9, wherein the wavelength used in the detection of S3 is 262nm, the measurement of absorbance and seed germination index is respectively carried out after the supernatant fluid of different fermentation time is diluted to different multiples according to the type of the tail vegetables to be identified, a standard curve is drawn according to different fermentation time and corresponding absorbance, the minimum absorbance value when the liquid fertilizer of the tail vegetables to be identified is well rotten is determined on the standard curve according to the seed germination index, the absorbance obtained by diluting the supernatant fluid of the liquid fertilizer of the tail vegetables to be identified to the corresponding multiple is obtained, and the rotten degree is good when the absorbance value is larger than or equal to the minimum absorbance value, otherwise the rotten degree is not good.

Description

Method for rapidly identifying decomposition degree of liquid fertilizer of tail vegetables and mixer used by method Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of detection of liquid fertilizer of tail vegetables, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly identifying the decomposition degree of liquid fertilizer of tail vegetables and a mixer used by the method. Background The tail vegetable mainly refers to the inedible parts such as residual leaves, rhizomes and the like of vegetables which are peeled off in the processes of harvesting, transporting and selling. The waste has high water content and is easy to rot, and under the condition of large-scale planting, the quantity of the tail vegetables generated in each mu of single season can reach several tons. If the treatment is not effective in time, the environment is directly polluted, and bacteria can be accumulated for a long time to grow, so that the bacteria and pests become breeding places. The traditional tail vegetable disposal mode comprises direct returning, stack retting returning, fodder utilization and the like. However, these methods have limitations in practical application, for example, direct returning to the field is easy to cause decay and decomposition of the tail vegetables in the soil, not only aggravate continuous cropping obstacle, but also cause accumulation of pathogenic bacteria in the soil and increase risk of soil-borne disease outbreak, and the utilization of feed possibly brings livestock health risk, so that the problems of high treatment cost and high environmental risk are faced for a long time. The liquid fertilizer for the tail vegetables is a process for converting vegetable wastes into liquid organic fertilizers through the processes of crushing and squeezing, solid-liquid separation, liquid fermentation, nutrient allocation and the like. The method not only realizes the resource utilization of the waste tail vegetables, but also can effectively improve the soil structure and promote the growth of crops. It should be noted that the obtained juice after crushing and squeezing the tail vegetables can be safely used for flushing, drip irrigation or leaf spraying after being thoroughly decomposed by microbial fermentation. If the fermentation is incomplete, a series of problems including root and seedling burning, consumption of soil nitrogen by the secondary fermentation process, outbreak of plant diseases and insect pests and the like can be caused, so that the growth of crops and the ecological environment are negatively influenced. The judgment of the maturity degree of the liquid fertilizer of the tail vegetables is mainly based on artificial sensory judgment, such as fanning and visual observation. For example by means of smell (smell) and vision (colour, morphology). However, the method has strong subjectivity, the accuracy and consistency of the detection result are difficult to ensure, and erroneous judgment is easy to generate due to the experience difference of operators. In order to improve the objectivity of detection, a detection mode based on simple equipment is gradually introduced, and the detection mode mainly comprises pH test paper and a pen-type conductivity meter. However, in practical application, the two methods still have obvious limitations, and are characterized in that the pH test paper is judged by naked eyes to compare with a standard color chart and is easily influenced by the color of the liquid fertilizer, and the pen-type conductivity meter can reflect the total concentration of salt and ions in the fermentation liquor to a certain extent, but the tail vegetable liquid fertilizer is a mixed system with complex components. The conductivity value and the decomposition degree of organic matters, the microbial activity and other decomposition key indexes are not strictly linear corresponding relations, the actual decomposition degree is difficult to accurately represent only by the conductivity reading, and conclusion deviation is easy to cause. A method for judging the rotten degree of the liquid fertilizer of the tail cabbage includes such steps as preparing the aqueous solution of bromocresol green (BCG) with 0.04% of mass concentration as colorimeter, respectively adding 0.5ml of colorimeter to the buffer solutions with the same volume of pH value of 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0, measuring the absorbance of each solution at the wavelengths of 430 nm and 620 nm, calculating the ratio of them, drawing a standard curve with the pH value as horizontal coordinate and the absorbance ratio as vertical coordinate, taking 1ml of supernatant of the fertilizer to be tested, adding 9ml of purified water, diluting and mixing, adding 0.5ml of colorimeter, measuring the absorbance at 620 nm and 430 nm, calculating the ratio, substituting the obtained ratio into the standard curve to obtain the pH value corresponding to the sample, and if the value is between 5.2 and 5.6, indicating that th