CN-121994582-A - Nanoparticle separation method and device based on electric field and flow field driving

CN121994582ACN 121994582 ACN121994582 ACN 121994582ACN-121994582-A

Abstract

The invention provides a nanoparticle separation method and device based on electric field and flow field driving, wherein the method comprises the steps of installing a separation membrane and configuring flow field parameters and electric field parameters of the nanoparticle separation device. Loading the sample to be measured into a nanoparticle separation device, starting the nanoparticle separation device, and providing a flow field and an electric field for the sample to be measured so as to separate nanoparticles in the sample to be measured. And monitoring the parameter variation of the electrophoretic separation device, adjusting the flow field parameter and the electric field parameter of the electrophoretic separation device, and recovering the sample to be measured from the half chambers at the two sides of the electrophoretic separation device. The high-precision shaking table is used for shaking, so that local high-shear flow is generated on the surface of the separation membrane, and particles are prevented from depositing on the surface of the separation membrane. The charged nano particles are driven by an electric field to perform electrophoretic movement, the particles are driven to or from the surface of the separation membrane, and pre-enrichment or rejection of the particles with specific charges is realized, so that the transmembrane flux of target particles is improved, and meanwhile, the membrane adsorption of pollutants is reduced.

Inventors

Zhang Miaoyue
QIU RONGLIANG
Bai Yishu
WAN QUAN
ZHAO MAN
DING KENGBO
HU XINYU
JIN CHAO
WANG SHIZHONG
TANG YETAO

Assignees

中山大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260303

Claims (10)

1. The nanoparticle separation method based on electric field and flow field driving is characterized by comprising the following steps: Installing a separation membrane, and configuring flow field parameters and electric field parameters of the nanoparticle separation device; Loading a sample to be measured into the nanoparticle separation device, starting the nanoparticle separation device, and providing a flow field and an electric field for the sample to be measured so as to separate nanoparticles in the sample to be measured; monitoring the parameter variation of the electrophoresis separation device, and adjusting the flow field parameter and the electric field parameter of the electrophoresis separation device; recovering the sample to be measured from the half chambers on both sides of the electrophoretic separation device.
2. The electric field and flow field driven nanoparticle separation method of claim 1, wherein loading the sample to be measured into the nanoparticle separation device comprises: Injecting a suspension containing nanoparticles into the primary chamber; And injecting the receiving liquid or blank solution into the receiving chamber, wherein the original chamber and the receiving chamber are positioned at two sides of the electrophoresis separation device.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the suspension further comprises a liquid medium compatible with the nanoparticles, the liquid medium being deionized water or a buffer solution, and a dispersant being sodium hexametaphosphate or a surfactant.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein activating the nanoparticle separation device to provide the flow field and the electric field to the sample to be measured comprises: Starting a shaking table and an electrophoresis separation device; Controlling the shaking table to shake so as to generate shearing force or turbulence at the interface between the separation membrane and the suspension; The electrophoretic separation device is controlled to generate an alternating electric field or pulse to drive the target particles to migrate in a direction approaching the separation membrane.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the flow field parameters include rotational speed and shaking mode, and the electric field parameters include dc bias and ac frequency.
6. The electric field and flow field driven nanoparticle separation method of claim 1, wherein the nanoparticles are any one of environmental colloidal particles, engineering and material nanoparticles, biogenic nanoparticles, and contaminant carrier particles.
7. The nanoparticle separation device based on electric field and flow field driving is applied to the nanoparticle separation method based on electric field and flow field driving according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized in that the device comprises a batch adsorption device, a shaking table is connected to the bottom of the batch adsorption device, and an electrophoresis separation device is electrically connected to the batch adsorption device.
8. The nanoparticle separation device based on electric field and flow field driving according to claim 7, wherein the batch adsorption device comprises two driving frames which are arranged in opposite directions, a supporting frame is arranged between the two driving frames, and an adsorption unit is arranged in the supporting frame.
9. The nanoparticle separation device based on electric field and flow field driving according to claim 7, wherein the adsorption unit comprises a first fixing piece, a second fixing piece and a separation membrane, a primary chamber is arranged between the first fixing piece and the separation membrane, a receiving chamber is arranged between the second fixing piece and the separation membrane, and the first fixing piece and the second fixing piece are both in annular structures.
10. The nanoparticle separation device based on electric field and flow field driving according to claim 9, further comprising a gasket, wherein a positive electrode is installed in the original chamber at a side close to the receiving chamber, a negative electrode is installed in the receiving chamber at a side close to the original chamber, the separation membrane is matched with the gasket, the separation membrane is installed in the gasket, and the gasket is of an annular structure.

Description

Nanoparticle separation method and device based on electric field and flow field driving Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nanoparticle separation and separation devices, in particular to a nanoparticle separation method and device based on electric field and flow field driving. Background The soil colloid and the nano particles are the least tiny (particle size between 1 and 1000 nm) and most active components in the solid-phase skeleton of the soil. The key processes of adsorption-desorption, complexation-conversion, migration-chemotaxis and the like of heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, nutrient elements and the like in soil are closely related to the occurrence state, surface properties and particle size distribution of colloids and nanoparticles. For example, smaller particle size colloids (< 100 nm) tend to exhibit higher migration capacity and contaminant loading capacity due to stronger brownian motion and larger specific surface area. The colloid with larger particle size (> 200 nm) is more easily trapped in the pore medium and becomes a gathering place of pollutants. Therefore, the fine separation and system characterization of different particle size components in the soil colloid are realized, not only are the scientific basis for revealing the environmental interface behavior mechanism of the soil colloid, but also the key technical precondition for accurately evaluating the biological effectiveness of the pollutants, predicting the long-term environmental risk of the pollutants and developing a targeted environmental remediation strategy are realized. At present, aiming at the separation and characterization of different particle size components of soil colloid and nano particles, the traditional physical method represented by centrifugation and filtration is still mainly relied on, and patent CN101776545A discloses a soil colloid separation and purification method based on high-speed centrifugation (8000-12000 r/min), which is used for obtaining target colloid through repeated centrifugation and decantation operation, but has the problems of low separation resolution, complex sample pretreatment, easy particle agglomeration or loss, difficulty in realizing high-flux parallel treatment and the like. Especially for experiments requiring simultaneous study of various particle size regions or different adsorption conditions, the traditional method has low efficiency, and is difficult to meet the requirement of systematic study. Meanwhile, new technologies such as micro-fluidic technology and ultrafiltration technology are introduced into the field of nanoparticle separation, so that the separation precision and mildness are improved, but the technology still faces the serious challenges of low flux, poor universality, high operation specialization requirements and the like when the technology is applied to complex environment samples such as soil colloid. Furthermore, whether centrifugation, filtration or microfluidic, the separation process relies primarily on a single physical field (e.g., centrifugal force field, pressure field). For complex nanoparticle systems (such as protein aggregates, surface-modified engineering nanoparticles and natural organic-inorganic composite colloids) with different surface charges and significant difference between hydration radius and hydrodynamic radius, the separation selectivity of a single physical field is limited, and multi-dimensional fine separation based on size, charge, surface properties and the like is difficult to realize, and particularly, the problems of membrane pollution and concentration polarization commonly existing in the traditional dynamic filtration restrict separation flux and stability. Therefore, there is a need for a nanoparticle separation method and apparatus that can couple multiple physical fields (e.g., electric field, flow field) with high throughput, high selectivity, and contamination resistance. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the invention aims to provide a nanoparticle separation method and device based on an electric field and flow field driving, which can couple the flow field and the electric field and have the advantages of high flux, high selectivity, pollution resistance and the like. A nanoparticle separation method and apparatus based on electric field and flow field driving, comprising: Installing a separation membrane, and configuring flow field parameters and electric field parameters of the nanoparticle separation device; Loading a sample to be measured into the nanoparticle separation device, starting the nanoparticle separation device, and providing a flow field and an electric field for the sample to be measured so as to separate nanoparticles in the sample to be measured; monitoring the parameter variation of the electrophoresis separation device, and adjusting the flow field parameter and the electric field parameter of t