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CN-121994652-A - Device and method for simulating vertical migration rule of ground pollutants of oil and gas field

CN121994652ACN 121994652 ACN121994652 ACN 121994652ACN-121994652-A

Abstract

The invention provides a device and a method for simulating the vertical migration rule of ground pollutants of an oil-gas field, which relate to the technical field and comprise a soil column leaching module, a spraying module and a groundwater control module, wherein the soil column leaching module and the groundwater control module are arranged in a groundwater foundation pit, the soil column leaching module comprises a soil column experimental device, the soil column experimental device is inserted with a sensor device, the sensor device is electrically connected with a data acquisition device, a soil sampling window is formed in the soil column experimental device, and the spraying module comprises a spraying pipe with one end communicated with a reservoir and the other end extending to the upper part of the soil column experimental device. The invention is based on the original design of only paying attention to the surface water to drive the migration of pollutants, adds a groundwater control module and a water supply Marshall bottle, can realize the fluctuation of groundwater level, can realize the long-term and continuous monitoring in-situ monitoring of in-situ data of soil moisture in real time, can realize the nondestructive collection of samples, and improves the research quality of the vertical migration rule of the ground pollutants of the oil and gas field.

Inventors

  • HAN KUN
  • WANG TAO
  • FAN DONGXUE
  • QI JINGJING
  • SHI XIAN
  • LIU FEI
  • GUO JI
  • ZHU CHAOHUI

Assignees

  • 中国石油化工股份有限公司
  • 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20241108

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The device for simulating the vertical migration rule of the ground pollutants of the oil and gas field is characterized by comprising a soil column leaching module, a spraying module and a groundwater control module, wherein the soil column leaching module and the groundwater control module are both arranged in an underground foundation pit; The soil column leaching module comprises a soil column experiment device (1), a plurality of groups of sensor devices (2) are inserted into one side wall of the soil column experiment device (1) from top to bottom at equal intervals, and the sensor devices (2) are electrically connected with a data acquisition device (3); The soil column experiment device comprises a soil column experiment device (1), wherein a plurality of groups of soil sampling windows are formed in the other side wall of the soil column experiment device (1) from top to bottom at equal intervals, the soil sampling windows correspond to the sensor devices (2) one by one, and a sampling device (4) for sampling from the soil sampling windows is arranged on one side of the soil column experiment device (1); The spraying module comprises a spraying pipe (9) with one end communicated with a reservoir and the other end extending to the upper part of the soil column experiment device (1), and a pump body (10) is arranged on the spraying pipe (9); The underground water control module comprises a water supply Marshall bottle (5), the water supply Marshall bottle (5) is communicated with the bottom of the soil column experiment device (1) through a water supply pipe (6), and the water supply Marshall bottle (5) is movably arranged on a vertical track.
  2. 2. The device for simulating the vertical migration law of the ground pollutants of the oil and gas field according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the earth pillar experiment device (1) is provided with a groundwater sampling port, and the bottom of the inner cavity of the earth pillar experiment device (1) is sequentially provided with a sponge layer and a quartz sand reverse filtering layer from top to bottom.
  3. 3. The device for simulating the vertical migration law of oil and gas field ground pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the water supply mahalanobis bottle (5) is provided with a locking device (8) for being fixed with the rail (7).
  4. 4. The device for simulating the vertical migration law of oil and gas field ground pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the sampling device (4) comprises a bearing frame (41) fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the earth pillar experiment device (1), a frame (42) is integrally arranged on one side of the bearing frame (41), vertical bearing plates (43) are symmetrically arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the frame (42) in a sliding manner, and the bearing plates (43) are driven to move along the length direction of the frame (42) by a telescopic device (47) arranged on the outer wall of the frame (42); The upper end and the lower end between the two groups of bearing plates (43) are respectively provided with a shaft body in a rotating way, the outer walls of the two groups of shaft bodies are in transmission connection with a conveyor belt (44), one shaft body drives to rotate through a rotating device (46) arranged on the outer wall of one bearing plate (43), and the outer wall of the conveyor belt (44) is provided with a plurality of groups of self-discharging sampling cylinders (45) which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the soil sampling windows; the soil sampling window is internally and fixedly provided with a rubber plug, and a conical penetrating opening for the insertion of a self-discharging sampling tube (45) is arranged in the rubber plug.
  5. 5. The device for simulating the vertical migration law of oil and gas field ground pollutants according to claim 4, wherein a moving block (415) is slidably arranged in the frame (42) and positioned on the outer side of the bearing plate (43), a rotary table (49) is rotatably connected to the moving block (415) through a rotary shaft, a plurality of groups of sample bearing containers (410) are embedded in the top of the rotary table (49) in an annular array, and the number of the sample bearing containers (410) is the same as the number of soil sampling windows; the circumference outer wall of the rotary table (49) is provided with a convex part corresponding to the position of the sample bearing container (410), the convex part is inserted with a top-moving control piece (48) for driving the self-discharging sampling tube to discharge (45), the outer side wall of the moving block (415) is connected with the outer side inner wall of the frame (42) through an elastic connecting piece (424), and the outer end of the frame (42) is provided with an electromagnetic block (414) for moving the electrified adsorption moving block (415) to the side far away from the soil column experimental device; the top of a sample carrying container (410) of the rotary table (49) close to the earth pillar experiment device (1) is opposite to one end, far away from the conveyor belt (44), of a self-discharging sampling tube (45) which is driven to the upper part of the rotary table (49) through the conveyor belt (44).
  6. 6. The device for simulating the vertical migration law of oil and gas field ground pollutants according to claim 5, wherein the self-discharging sampling tube (45) comprises a mounting seat (451) connected with the outer wall of the conveying belt (44), a cylinder body (452) for being inserted into a conical penetrating hole is horizontally arranged on one side of the mounting seat (451) away from the conveying belt (44), and a bevel edge is formed at one end of the cylinder body (452) away from the mounting seat (451); an inner push block (453) matched with the inner cavity of the cylinder body (452) is movably arranged at the cylinder opening of the inner cavity of the cylinder body (452), an inner push rod (456) is arranged at the inner side of the inner push block (453), and one end of the inner push rod (456) far away from the inner push block (453) is inserted into one end of the L-shaped sealing cylinder (454); The L-shaped sealing cylinder (454) is fixedly arranged in the self-discharging sampling cylinder (45) and the mounting seat (451), the other end of the L-shaped sealing cylinder (454) penetrates through the top of the mounting seat (451) and is internally inserted with an push rod (455) used for being in contact with a push control piece (48) close to the soil column experimental device (1), and the inner cavity of the L-shaped sealing cylinder (454) is filled with inert gas at the position between the outer push rod (455) and the inner push rod (456).
  7. 7. The device for simulating the vertical migration law of oil and gas field ground pollutants according to claim 6, wherein the top-moving control member (48) comprises a top-moving rod (481) vertically movably inserted into the convex part for contacting with the push-out rod (455), a spring member (482) connected with the convex part is sleeved on the outer wall of the top-moving rod (481), and a ball is embedded at the top of the top-moving rod (481); A limiting block (413) is connected to one side, facing the earth column experimental device (1), of the moving block (415), a sensor (412) for receiving a pressure signal of a pushing rod (481) close to the earth column experimental device (1) is arranged at the top of the limiting block (413), the sensor (412) is connected with a controller, a timing module is arranged in the controller, and the timing module is connected with a rotating device (46) and an electromagnetic block (414); The sensor (412) sends a control signal to the controller when receiving the pressure signal, so that the controller controls the electromagnetic block (414) to be electrified, the rotating device (46) stops working, the timing module is controlled to be timed, when the timing module reaches a first preset time, the controller controls the rotating device (46) to continuously work, when the timing module reaches a second preset time, the controller controls the electromagnetic block (414) to be powered off, and the first preset time is earlier than the second preset time.
  8. 8. The device for simulating the vertical migration law of oil and gas field ground pollutants according to claim 7, wherein the bottom end of the shaft body of the turntable (49) extends to the bottom of the movable block (415) and is sleeved with a gear (416), one side of the gear (416) is provided with a movable frame (417) extending along the long side direction of the frame (42) at intervals, and one side of the movable frame (417) is provided with a tooth section (421) for being meshed with the gear (416); An elastic telescopic rod (419) connected with the limiting block (413) is vertically arranged on one side of the movable frame (417), a top moving part is arranged at the bottom of the movable block (415), and the outer end of the movable frame (417) is connected with the outer end of the frame (42) through a unlocking type fixing part; The top moving part comprises an L-shaped top moving part (420) fixed at the bottom of the moving block (415), one side of the L-shaped top moving part (420) is in sliding butt joint with a wedge block (418), and the wedge block (418) is fixedly arranged on the movable frame (417).
  9. 9. The device for simulating the vertical migration law of the ground pollutants of an oil and gas field according to claim 8, wherein the unlocking type fixing piece comprises a telescopic piece (422) which is connected with the movable frame (417) and the frame (42) and is positioned at the outer end of the frame (42), and arc clamping grooves (423) are uniformly formed in the outer side wall of the movable section of the telescopic piece (422) along the length direction of the outer side wall; The outer wall of the fixed section of the telescopic piece (422) is attached with a push plate (411), one side of the push plate (411) is connected with the outer end of the frame (42) through a spring, and a clamping column penetrating through the outer wall of the fixed section of the telescopic piece (422) and being matched with the arc-shaped clamping groove (423) is inserted into one side of the push plate (411); the outside of the movable block (415) is provided with a pushing column (425).
  10. 10. A method of simulating the vertical migration of oil and gas field surface contaminants according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: Step one, preparing and positioning a sampling device, namely driving a bearing plate (43) to move towards a soil column experimental device (1) in a frame (42) through a telescopic device (47) so that a self-discharging sampling tube (45) is inserted into a conical penetrating hole of a rubber plug in a soil sampling window, and preparing for collecting a soil sample; Collecting and transmitting soil samples by a self-discharging sampling tube (45), then driving a bearing plate (43) to reset by a telescopic device (47), and driving a conveyor belt (44) to transmit by a rotary device (46), so that the self-discharging sampling tube (45) is sequentially transmitted to the upper part of a rotary table (49) along the conveyor belt (44) to prepare for sample discharging; Step three, unloading and container collection of soil samples, namely starting a top-moving control piece (48) after a self-unloading sampling tube (45) moves to the position above a rotary table (49), unloading the soil samples to corresponding sample bearing containers (410) at the position corresponding to the self-unloading sampling tube (45), and completing automatic collection of the samples; After the sensor (412) detects the pressure signal to the top movable rod (481), the controller controls the rotating device (46) to stop working, electrifies the electromagnetic block (414) to push the movable block (415) to move outwards, then controls the rotating device (46) to work continuously after a first preset time through the timing module, and cuts off the power after a second preset time to reset the movable block (415), so as to ensure the coordination of sampling and transmission; Step five, engagement of the gear and the tooth segment and reset of the movable frame, namely when the electromagnetic block (414) is powered off and the movable block (415) moves inwards, the gear (416) is engaged with or separated from the tooth segment (421), and the movable frame (417) cooperates with the wedge-shaped block (418) through the L-shaped top moving piece (420) to ensure that the tooth segment (421) is reset to a path of the movable block (415), so that the gear (416) rotates normally in subsequent movement; And step six, automatically collecting soil samples and resetting a transmission device, namely after completing sample unloading, continuously moving a self-unloading sampling tube (45) downwards under the drive of a conveyor belt (44), and electrifying an electromagnetic block (414) to enable a moving block (415) to move outwards so as to avoid blocking the next round of sampling work, and carrying out new round of sample collection and automatic collection along with restarting of a rotating device (46).

Description

Device and method for simulating vertical migration rule of ground pollutants of oil and gas field Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of research on ground pollutants of oil and gas fields, in particular to a device and a method for simulating a vertical migration rule of ground pollutants of an oil and gas field. Background The development of oil and gas fields has a great driving force for the development of economy and society and the improvement of the living standard of people. However, the oil gas development inevitably causes pollution to the environment to a certain extent, especially the pollution of ground pollutants to soil and shallow groundwater, in order to prevent and fundamentally treat the pollution of soil and groundwater, the vertical migration rule of the ground pollutants of the oil and gas field needs to be researched, and at present, a simulation device is often adopted to research the vertical migration rule of the ground pollutants of the oil and gas field. The existing simulation device is mainly used for short-term simulation, the importance of the effect of underground water is low, the influence of the existing simulation device on the effect of underground water is not negligible in a shallow area of the underground water, for example, capillary lifting enables the lower soil water to be high, the migration rule of pollutants in the area is changed, and in an area with obvious seasonal fluctuation of the underground water, the migration speed of the pollutants into the underground water can be accelerated in the process, so that the research effect of the conventional simulation device on the vertical migration rule of the pollutants is required to be improved. Therefore, we propose a method for researching the vertical migration rule of the surface pollutants of the oil and gas field. How to solve the technical problems is the subject of the present invention. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a method for researching the vertical migration rule of ground pollutants of an oil-gas field, which is used for solving the problems that 1, the traditional device only focuses on downward migration of the pollutants under the action of surface water and ignores the influence of groundwater season or annual fluctuation, 2, the migration and storage characteristics of the pollutants under the double actions of the surface water and the groundwater are comprehensively considered, the migration and storage characteristics are closer to the natural condition, the obtained data are more real and reliable, and 3, a groundwater module and a soil column profile monitoring module are added, so that the data can be monitored in real time, and the problems that the monitoring time is insufficient, pollution events (such as short-term simulation possibly ignoring groundwater pollution) are ignored and the like are avoided. The invention provides a device and a simulation method for simulating the vertical migration rule of ground pollutants of an oil-gas field, which comprise a soil column leaching module, a spraying module and a groundwater control module, wherein the migration rule monitoring of the pollutants is carried out in an automatic and manual mode, the soil column leaching module and the groundwater control module are both arranged in a ground foundation pit, the soil column leaching module comprises a soil column experiment device, a plurality of groups of sensors are equidistantly inserted from top to bottom on one side wall of the soil column leaching module, indexes such as water content, pollutant concentration and the like can be automatically monitored, the indexes are automatically recorded through a data collector, a plurality of groups of soil sampling windows are equidistantly arranged from top to bottom on the other side wall of the soil sampling window, the soil sampling windows correspond to the sensor devices one by one, and sampling can be carried out at any time according to requirements. The underground water control module controls the underground water level by utilizing the principle of a Margaret bottle, and the underground water control device is arranged on a vertical track and can realize the manual regulation and control of the water level by moving. The simulation research device comprises a soil column leaching module, a spraying module and a groundwater control module, wherein the soil column leaching module and the groundwater control module are arranged in an underground foundation pit, the soil column leaching module comprises a soil column experiment device, a plurality of groups of sensor devices are inserted into one side wall of the soil column experiment device from top to bottom at equal intervals, the sensor devices are electrically connected with a data acquisition device, a plurality of groups of soil sampling windows are formed in the other side wall of the soil column experiment device from top to bo