CN-121994697-A - Hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen filling and discharging equivalent loading test system and test method

CN121994697ACN 121994697 ACN121994697 ACN 121994697ACN-121994697-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen storage bottle hydrogen charging and discharging equivalent loading test system and a test method, which relate to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage and transportation safety, wherein the test system comprises an equivalent loading device, a test device and a test device, wherein the equivalent loading device is used for fixing the hydrogen storage bottle and providing axial constraint for two ends of the hydrogen storage bottle; the hydrogen filling and discharging circulation system comprises a hydrogen input system, a hydrogen circulation system and a hydrogen recovery system, wherein the hydrogen input system is connected with a hydrogen storage cylinder through an air inlet pipeline, the hydrogen recovery system is connected with the hydrogen storage cylinder through an air outlet pipeline, an air inlet end of the hydrogen circulation system is connected with the air outlet pipeline, an air outlet end of the hydrogen circulation system is connected with the air inlet pipeline, a detection assembly is used for detecting whether the hydrogen storage cylinder is subjected to interface debonding and liner collapse phenomena, and a data acquisition system is in signal connection with the detection assembly. The invention relates to a method for testing the equivalent loading of hydrogen storage and release of a hydrogen storage cylinder, which is implemented by adopting the testing system. The invention can realize the hydrogen charging and discharging cycle test to evaluate the debonding and liner collapse behavior of the liner interface of the hydrogen storage cylinder.

Inventors

ZU LEI
Bi Zhihai
ZHANG JIAN
WU QIAOGUO

Assignees

合肥工业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260409

Claims (10)

1. The hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen filling and discharging equivalent loading test system is characterized by comprising the following components: The equivalent loading device is used for fixing the hydrogen storage cylinder and providing axial constraint for the two ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder; The hydrogen filling and discharging circulation system comprises a hydrogen input system, a hydrogen circulation system and a hydrogen recovery system, wherein the hydrogen input system is connected with the hydrogen storage cylinder through an air inlet pipeline and is used for inputting hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cylinder, the hydrogen recovery system is connected with the hydrogen storage cylinder through an air outlet pipeline and is used for recovering the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder, the air inlet end of the hydrogen circulation system is connected with the air outlet pipeline, and the air outlet end of the hydrogen circulation system is connected with the air inlet pipeline and is used for realizing hydrogen circulation; The detection assembly is used for detecting whether the hydrogen storage cylinder has the phenomenon of liner interface debonding and liner collapse; and the data acquisition system is in signal connection with the detection assembly and is used for realizing synchronous recording of data.
2. The hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen charging and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent loading device comprises a protection frame, metal skirts, supports, a clamp base and clamp assemblies, wherein the clamp base is located in the protection frame, a supporting frame is arranged on the clamp base and used for supporting the hydrogen storage cylinder, the clamp assemblies are arranged at two ends of the clamp base and can clamp the hydrogen storage cylinder to provide transverse constraint, the supports are located in the protection frame, two supports are arranged at two ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder, each of the two supports is provided with a metal skirt, and each of the metal skirts at two ends is used for providing axial constraint to two ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder.
3. The hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen charging and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 2, wherein any fixture component comprises rib plate guide rails, two-way screw rods and V-shaped fixtures, wherein the rib plate guide rails are horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the axial direction of the hydrogen storage cylinder, the two-way screw rods are parallel to the rib plate guide rails, two ends of each two-way screw rods are respectively in rotary connection with two ends of the rib plate guide rails, the two V-shaped fixtures are oppositely arranged and respectively used for transversely restraining two sides of the hydrogen storage cylinder, the two V-shaped fixtures are respectively arranged at two ends of the two-way screw rods in a threaded manner, and the two V-shaped fixtures can be driven to be close to or far away from each other by rotating the two-way screw rods; The two-way screw is characterized in that a sprocket is further arranged at one end of the two-way screw, the sprockets on the two-way screw of the clamp assembly at two ends are connected through a chain, and one of the sprockets is connected with a hand wheel.
4. The hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen filling and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 2, further comprising a combination valve, wherein a flange cap is embedded on the metal skirt at one end of the hydrogen storage cylinder, the combination valve is installed on the flange cap, the combination valve comprises a stop valve, a first pressure gauge and a TPRD valve, the stop valve is used for stopping gas from entering the hydrogen storage cylinder, the first pressure gauge is used for monitoring the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder and is in signal connection with the data acquisition system, and the TPRD valve is used for automatically discharging the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder.
5. The hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen charging and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen input system comprises a hydrogen cylinder, the hydrogen cylinder is used for providing a hydrogen source and is connected with the air inlet pipeline through a hydrogen input pipeline, a second pressure gauge, a first one-way valve, a gas pressurizing device and a first filter are arranged on the hydrogen input pipeline, the second pressure gauge is used for monitoring the pressure of hydrogen and is in signal connection with the data acquisition system, the first one-way valve is used for controlling the unidirectional flow of hydrogen, the gas pressurizing device is used for pressurizing hydrogen, and the first filter is used for filtering hydrogen; The hydrogen circulation system comprises a hydrogen circulation pipeline, wherein an air inlet end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected with the air outlet pipeline, an air outlet end of the hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected with the air inlet pipeline, a first pressure reducing valve, a second filter, a hydrogen circulation pump and a second one-way valve are further arranged on the hydrogen circulation pipeline, the first pressure reducing valve is used for stopping hydrogen circulation under abnormal conditions, the second filter is used for filtering hydrogen, the hydrogen circulation pump is used for hydrogen circulation, and the second one-way valve is used for controlling unidirectional flow of circulating hydrogen; The hydrogen recovery system comprises a hydrogen recovery pipeline and a hydrogen recovery device, the hydrogen recovery device is connected with the air outlet pipeline through the hydrogen recovery pipeline, the hydrogen recovery device is used for recovering hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle, a second pressure reducing valve, a third one-way valve and a third filter are further arranged on the hydrogen recovery pipeline, the second pressure reducing valve is used for closing hydrogen recovery, the third one-way valve is used for controlling hydrogen to flow unidirectionally, and the third filter is used for filtering the hydrogen.
6. The hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen charging and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 1, further comprising a nitrogen input system, wherein the nitrogen input system comprises a nitrogen cylinder and a nitrogen input pipeline, the nitrogen cylinder is used for providing a nitrogen source, the nitrogen cylinder is connected with the air inlet pipeline through the nitrogen input pipeline, the nitrogen input pipeline is further provided with a fourth one-way valve, a third pressure gauge and an air outlet valve, the fourth one-way valve is used for controlling the unidirectional flow of nitrogen, the third pressure gauge is used for monitoring the pressure of the nitrogen and is in signal connection with the data acquisition system, and the air outlet valve is used for controlling whether the nitrogen is transmitted or not; and the nitrogen input pipeline is also provided with a heating device for heating nitrogen.
7. The hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen filling and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 6, further comprising a nitrogen recovery system, wherein the nitrogen recovery system comprises an exhaust gas recovery device and a nitrogen recovery pipeline, the exhaust gas recovery device is connected with the air outlet pipeline through the nitrogen recovery pipeline and is used for recovering nitrogen, a third pressure reducing valve and a vacuum pump are further arranged on the nitrogen recovery pipeline, the vacuum pump is used for pumping nitrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder, and the third pressure reducing valve is used for stopping pumping nitrogen.
8. The hydrogen storage cylinder charging and discharging equivalent loading test system according to claim 1, wherein the detection assembly comprises a camera for monitoring structural deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder.
9. The method for testing the loading and unloading equivalent of the hydrogen storage cylinder is characterized by being implemented by adopting the loading and unloading equivalent testing system of the hydrogen storage cylinder according to any one of claims 1-8, and comprises the following steps: S1, installing a hydrogen storage cylinder on the equivalent loading device; S2, opening the hydrogen input system to input hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cylinder, opening the hydrogen circulation system to perform hydrogen circulation test, and monitoring structural deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder through the detection assembly; And S3, when the interface of the liner of the hydrogen storage cylinder is debonded and the liner collapses, opening the hydrogen recovery system to recover hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder, and ending the test.
10. The hydrogen storage cylinder charging and discharging equivalent loading test method according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after step S1, before step S2, the method further comprises the steps of: s11, opening a nitrogen input system, and filling preheated nitrogen into the hydrogen storage cylinder; And S12, when the surface temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder is consistent with the nitrogen temperature, opening a nitrogen recovery system to complete the recovery of the nitrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder.

Description

Hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen filling and discharging equivalent loading test system and test method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage and transportation safety, in particular to a hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen charging and discharging equivalent loading test system and a test method. Background Hydrogen is used as a clean energy carrier and has the advantages of wide source, high heat value, high energy utilization efficiency and the like. The conversion of hydrogen into electric energy is an important application direction of the hydrogen energy as the driving energy of the automobile, and the high-pressure gas hydrogen storage technology has the highest maturity in various hydrogen storage methods, so that the method becomes the first choice of the current vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage technology. Compared with an aluminum liner fully-wound hydrogen storage cylinder (III type), the plastic liner fully-wound hydrogen storage cylinder (IV type) has stronger fatigue resistance and higher hydrogen storage density, and is widely applied. However, under the long-term service condition, the interface between the plastic liner and the composite material is easy to debond and collapse due to the poor compatibility of the interface between the liner and the composite material, so that the IV type hydrogen storage cylinder leaks gas and even bursts, and potential safety hazards exist. The conventional IV type gas cylinder testing device mainly tests the permeability of the liner of the IV type hydrogen storage cylinder to select a proper material as the liner of the IV type hydrogen storage cylinder, and can not evaluate the interface debonding and liner collapse behavior of the IV type hydrogen storage cylinder. Therefore, the equivalent loading test system and the test method for the filling and discharging of the hydrogen storage cylinder ensure that the interface debonding and liner collapse behaviors of the IV-type hydrogen storage cylinder are evaluated in the design stage so as to reduce the safety risk. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen filling and discharging equivalent loading test system and a test method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and realizing hydrogen filling and discharging cyclic test to evaluate the debonding and liner collapse behaviors of an IV-type hydrogen storage cylinder liner-composite material layer interface. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen filling and discharging equivalent loading test system, which comprises: The equivalent loading device is used for fixing the hydrogen storage cylinder and providing axial constraint for the two ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder; The hydrogen filling and discharging circulation system comprises a hydrogen input system, a hydrogen circulation system and a hydrogen recovery system, wherein the hydrogen input system is connected with the hydrogen storage cylinder through an air inlet pipeline and is used for inputting hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cylinder, the hydrogen recovery system is connected with the hydrogen storage cylinder through an air outlet pipeline and is used for recovering the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder, the air inlet end of the hydrogen circulation system is connected with the air outlet pipeline, and the air outlet end of the hydrogen circulation system is connected with the air inlet pipeline and is used for realizing hydrogen circulation; The detection assembly is used for detecting whether the hydrogen storage cylinder has the phenomenon of liner interface debonding and liner collapse; and the data acquisition system is in signal connection with the detection assembly and is used for realizing synchronous recording of data. Preferably, the equivalent loading device comprises a protection frame, metal skirts, a support, a clamp base and a clamp assembly, wherein the clamp base is positioned in the protection frame, a support frame is arranged on the clamp base and used for supporting the hydrogen storage cylinder, the clamp assemblies are arranged at two ends of the clamp base and can clamp the hydrogen storage cylinder so as to provide transverse constraint, the support is positioned in the protection frame, two supports are arranged in the protection frame, the two supports are respectively arranged at two ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder, a metal skirt is arranged on any one of the supports, and the metal skirts at two ends are respectively used for providing axial constraint for two ends of the hydrogen storage cylinder. Preferably, any one of the clamp assemblies comprises rib plate guide rails, two bidirectional screw rods and V-shaped clamps, wherein the rib plate guide rails are horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the ax