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CN-121994989-A - Forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficiency test platform and evaluation method

CN121994989ACN 121994989 ACN121994989 ACN 121994989ACN-121994989-A

Abstract

The invention provides a forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficiency test platform and an evaluation method, including supporting component, topography build component, first gesture adjustment component, second gesture adjustment component, monitoring record subassembly and ignition assembly. The forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficiency test platform and the evaluation method solve the problem that a repeatable and comparable efficiency evaluation result is difficult to obtain under the condition of being close to the real terrain due to the fact that a comprehensive platform which can realize continuous gradient change and multi-surface complex terrain real scale simulation and is used for blocking or extinguishing agent efficiency entity verification is lacking in the related technology.

Inventors

  • WANG PENGFEI
  • LI GUOHUI
  • CHEN TENG
  • RONG FENGYI
  • YAN WEIDONG
  • YANG XIWU

Assignees

  • 应急管理部天津消防研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260316

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficiency test platform is characterized by comprising a supporting component, a terrain construction component, a first posture adjusting component, a second posture adjusting component, a monitoring and recording component and an ignition component; the supporting component is used for providing bearing support for the test platform and leveling the test platform; The terrain construction assembly is used for forming a fuel bed for laying forest combustible and constructing continuous variable gradient and multi-surface complex terrain, the terrain construction assembly comprises a main fuel bed unit (100) and at least one expansion fuel bed unit (260), and the main fuel bed unit (100) and the expansion fuel bed unit (260) are detachably spliced and jointly form the fuel bed; The first attitude adjusting component is matched with the main fuel bed unit (100), the second attitude adjusting component is matched with the extended fuel bed unit (260), and the first attitude adjusting component and the second attitude adjusting component are used for adjusting at least two of gradient, topography included angle, height and inclination angle of the fuel bed together and are used for constructing complex topography working conditions with different surface number combinations under the condition of real scale; The ignition assembly is arranged at the peripheral boundary position of the fuel bed and is used for igniting the forest combustible; The monitoring and recording assembly is used for recording a fire spreading process, a barrier medicament covering and arranging process and a fire extinguishing medicament applying process and collecting environmental parameters at different positions on the fuel bed so as to obtain repeatable and comparable medicament efficacy evaluation basic data.
  2. 2. The forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficacy test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the main fuel bed unit (100) comprises a central axis coupling structure (151) and two wing fuel beds (150), wherein the two wing fuel beds (150) are mutually coupled along the corresponding edges thereof and can relatively rotate around the central axis coupling structure (151) so as to form a foldable angle-variable main fuel bed structure; The support assembly comprises a bottom frame (110), a middle frame (140) and a first leveling lifting structure (120), wherein the first leveling lifting structure (120) is arranged at the bottom of the bottom frame (110), a middle shaft connecting structure (151) is located in the middle of the upper end face of the middle frame (140), the bottom frame (110) is located under the middle frame (140), and the bottom frame (110) and the middle frame (140) can be hinged in the width direction through a hinge device.
  3. 3. The forest fire prevention and extinguishing efficacy test platform according to claim 1, wherein the first posture adjustment assembly comprises a gradient adjustment mechanism (160) and an included angle adjustment mechanism (170), the gradient adjustment mechanism (160) is used for lifting the tail of the main fuel bed unit (100) to form different gradients, and the included angle adjustment mechanism (170) is used for lifting the two side end parts of the main fuel bed unit (100) to form different topography included angles.
  4. 4. The forest fire prevention and extinguishing efficiency test platform according to claim 3, wherein the gradient adjusting mechanism (160) comprises two symmetrically arranged first hydraulic rods, fixed ends of the first hydraulic rods are connected with the underframe (110), and protruding ends of the first hydraulic rods are connected with the middle frame (140).
  5. 5. The forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficiency test platform according to claim 1, wherein the extended fuel bed unit (260) is arranged on a movable supporting frame (230), and the movable supporting frame (230) is provided with a movable wheel train (210) and a second leveling lifting structure (220); The second posture adjustment assembly includes a height adjustment mechanism for adjusting a mounting height of the expanded fuel bed unit (260) and a tilt angle adjustment mechanism (240), the tilt angle adjustment mechanism (240) for adjusting a tilt angle of the expanded fuel bed unit (260).
  6. 6. The forest fire prevention and extinguishing efficiency test platform according to claim 1, wherein a connection structure for realizing quick positioning and locking is arranged between the main fuel bed unit (100) and the extended fuel bed unit (260), and the connection structure is a quick-plug connection structure.
  7. 7. The forest fire prevention and extinguishing efficiency test platform according to claim 6, wherein a gap compensation cover (270) is arranged at the joint of the main fuel bed unit (100) and the expanded fuel bed unit (260), and the gap compensation cover (270) is made of high-expansion refractory material and covers the joint slit; The gap compensation cover (270) is connected with the main fuel bed unit (100) and the expanded fuel bed unit (260) through a perforation fixing structure, and the perforation fixing structure comprises a round hole arranged on the gap compensation cover (270) and a fastener matched with the round hole.
  8. 8. The complex terrain forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficacy test platform as set forth in claim 1, wherein the terrain construction assembly further comprises at least two fuel fixing assemblies respectively arranged on the surfaces of the main fuel bed unit (100) and the expanded fuel bed unit (260); the fuel fixing assembly comprises a column array and a column splice plate, wherein the column array is used for carrying out anti-slip limiting on tiny ground surface combustible materials and fixing three-dimensional combustible materials, and the column splice plate is detachably arranged in grid units of the column array to change column density.
  9. 9. The forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficacy test platform according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring and recording assembly comprises a camera recording unit, a timing unit and a sensing and collecting unit; The camera shooting recording unit is used for recording a fire spreading process, a barrier medicament covering and laying process, a fire extinguishing medicament applying process and a fire extinguishing process, the timing unit is used for timing fire extinguishing time, and the sensing acquisition unit is used for acquiring environmental parameters and comprises a plurality of wind speed temperature sensors (155) arranged at different positions of the fuel bed.
  10. 10. A forest fire blocking and extinguishing agent effectiveness evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of; Providing the forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficiency test platform according to any one of claims 1-9, arranging forest combustibles on the fuel bed, and setting continuous gradient-changing and multi-surface complex terrain test working conditions through the first posture adjusting assembly and the second posture adjusting assembly; when evaluating the efficacy of the blocking agent, defining a blocking area on the fuel bed, forming a blocking agent covering layer on the blocking area, and setting an ignition position in an area not covered by the blocking agent; the ignition component is used for igniting in an area which is not covered with the blocking agent to form a fire wire, the monitoring and recording component synchronously records the fire spreading process and collects environmental parameters at different positions of the fuel bed in the fire spreading process, the blocking or crossing condition when the fire wire reaches the blocking area is recorded, the fire wire is kept stand for 30 minutes when the fire wire is blocked, and the blocking agent is judged to be effective when no re-ignition exists; when the efficacy evaluation of the fire extinguishing agent is carried out, the application parameters of the fire extinguishing agent are preset, the fire extinguishing agent is ignited at the preset boundary of the fuel bed through the ignition component to form a fire wire, the fire extinguishing agent is applied when the fire wire extends to the preset application position, the fire extinguishing process is recorded, the fire extinguishing time is timed, the fire extinguishing agent is kept stand for 30 minutes after fire extinguishing, and the fire extinguishing time and the re-ignition judging result are output if no re-ignition exists.

Description

Forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficiency test platform and evaluation method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of fire scene simulation, and particularly relates to a forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficiency test platform and an evaluation method. Background The burning and spreading process of forest fires is commonly affected by multiple factors such as fuel type and loading, meteorological conditions, and terrain conditions. Special terrains such as canyons and steep slopes often change fire behaviors remarkably, so that abrupt change characteristics such as acceleration spreading, rapid expansion and the like of fire can occur in a short time, and extreme fire behaviors such as explosion and ignition can be induced when serious, so that serious casualties and property loss are caused. Although researches on the influence of terrains on forest fire spreading rules are carried out, the existing researches are mainly based on numerical simulation or small-scale tests, the test working conditions are limited on flat slopes or single fixed slopes, typical situations such as continuous gradient change, multi-surface composite terrains and the like in real mountain environments are difficult to cover, and an evaluation platform capable of carrying out entity verification under complex terrains situations and supporting repeatable comparison tests is also lacking for forest fire blocking technical means and effectiveness and efficiency evaluation of blocking or extinguishing agents. Because the experimental research scale in the related technology is smaller, and the terrain working condition is set more singly and lacks a comprehensive platform which can realize continuous gradient change and multi-surface complex terrain real scale simulation and is used for obstructing or extinguishing agent efficacy entity verification, the problem that repeatable and comparable efficacy evaluation results are difficult to obtain under the condition of being close to the real terrain is caused. Disclosure of Invention In view of this, the present invention aims to solve at least one of the related technical problems to some extent. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: A forest fire blocking and extinguishing efficiency test platform comprises a support assembly, a terrain construction assembly, a first posture adjustment assembly, a second posture adjustment assembly, a monitoring and recording assembly and an ignition assembly; the supporting component is used for providing bearing support for the test platform and leveling the test platform; The terrain construction assembly is used for forming a fuel bed for laying forest combustible and constructing continuous variable-gradient and multi-surface complex terrains, and comprises a main fuel bed unit and at least one expansion fuel bed unit, wherein the main fuel bed unit and the expansion fuel bed unit are detachably spliced and jointly form the fuel bed; The first attitude adjusting component is matched with the main fuel bed unit, the second attitude adjusting component is matched with the extended fuel bed unit, and the first attitude adjusting component and the second attitude adjusting component are used for adjusting at least two of gradient, a topography included angle, height and an inclination angle of the fuel bed together and are used for constructing complex topography working conditions with different surface number combinations under a real-scale condition; The ignition assembly is arranged at the peripheral boundary position of the fuel bed and is used for igniting the forest combustible; The monitoring and recording assembly is used for recording a fire spreading process, a barrier medicament covering and arranging process and a fire extinguishing medicament applying process and collecting environmental parameters at different positions on the fuel bed so as to obtain repeatable and comparable medicament efficacy evaluation basic data. Further, the main fuel bed unit comprises a central shaft connecting structure and two wing fuel beds, wherein the two wing fuel beds are connected with each other along the corresponding edges of the two wing fuel beds and can relatively rotate around the central shaft connecting structure so as to form a foldable angle-variable main fuel bed structure; The support assembly comprises a bottom frame, a middle frame and a first leveling lifting structure, wherein the first leveling lifting structure is arranged at the bottom of the bottom frame, the middle shaft connecting structure is located in the middle of the upper end face of the middle frame, the bottom frame is located under the middle frame, and the bottom frame and the middle frame can be hinged in the width direction through a hinge device. Further, the first posture adjusting assembly comprises a gradient adjusting mechanism and an included angle adjusting