CN-121995034-A - Mine remediation ecological restoration monitoring method based on multi-source data

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological monitoring, in particular to a mine renovation ecological restoration monitoring method based on multi-source data, which comprises the steps of obtaining mine environment information, restoring polluted soil by using chemical agents, developing vegetation planting in a mine restoration area, realizing ecological restoration by using phytoremediation, establishing a standard planting area as a reference standard, obtaining vegetation growth information by unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, obtaining vegetation growth expected information according to the vegetation growth information of the mine restoration area and the standard planting area, and determining a vegetation growth defective area in the mine restoration area according to the expected information. According to the invention, the standard planting area is established, vegetation growth in the standard planting area is used as a reference, vegetation growth expected information in the mine restoration area is obtained, and sampling sites such as soil, air and the like are redetermined according to the expected information, so that restoration conditions can be known in time, and restoration modes can be adjusted in time according to monitoring data.

Inventors

• XU PING
• YANG LAISHU
• FENG YU

Assignees

• 重庆市江津区规划和自然资源局

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260202

Claims (10)

1. 1. The mine renovation ecological restoration monitoring method based on the multi-source data is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, acquiring mine environment information, including vegetation information, soil information, air information and underground water information; restoring the polluted soil by using a chemical agent, developing vegetation planting in a mine restoration area, realizing ecological restoration through phytoremediation, and establishing a standard planting area as a reference standard; obtaining vegetation growth information by unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, obtaining vegetation growth expected information according to vegetation growth information of the mine restoration area and the standard planting area, and determining a vegetation growth defective area of the mine restoration area according to the expected information; And fourthly, sampling soil and air in the poor growth area, detecting the soil and the air in a laboratory in detail, acquiring environmental ecological restoration result information, and further restoring the soil according to the environmental ecological restoration result information.
2. 2. The multi-source data based mine remediation ecological restoration monitoring method of claim 1 wherein the standard planting area is located near the edge of the mine remediation area and is a natural area that is unaffected by mining activities.
3. 3. The mine renovation ecological restoration monitoring method based on multi-source data according to claim 1, wherein the standard planting area has similar elevation, uniform slope direction, similar annual average temperature and similar precipitation to the restoration area of the mine restoration area.
4. 4. A mine renovation ecological restoration monitoring method based on multi-source data according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the restoration area is divided into a plurality of X grid cells, a plurality of Y subareas are subdivided into the X grid cells, a plurality of vegetation is planted in each X grid cell, and a plurality of vegetation is planted in a plurality of Y subareas of the X grid cells respectively.
5. 5. The mine renovation ecological restoration monitoring method based on multi-source data according to claim 4, wherein after vegetation growth information is obtained by unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, the same vegetation growth conditions in different X grid units are compared, vegetation suitable for planting at different positions in a mine restoration area is comprehensively judged, an area with slow vegetation growth is known, and important sampling detection is carried out on the area.
6. 6. The multi-source data-based mine remediation ecological restoration monitoring method of claim 5, wherein the density of soil and air sampling points selected is reduced when vegetation growth conditions are close to the X grid cells of a standard planting area, and the density of soil and air sampling points selected is increased when vegetation growth conditions are inferior to the X grid cells of the standard planting area.
7. 7. A multi-source data-based mine remediation ecological restoration monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount of chemical remediation agent to be administered is planned according to the data sampling result after the primary data sampling of soil, air and groundwater in the restoration area of the mine.
8. 8. The mine renovation ecological restoration monitoring method based on multi-source data according to claim 7, wherein the actual restoration result data is compared with a preset minimum restoration standard requirement, the soil restoration difference rate is calculated, and the dosage of the agent in the secondary restoration is adjusted according to the soil restoration difference rate, the vegetation growth difference between the standard planting area and the mine restoration area.
9. 9. The mine renovation ecological restoration monitoring method based on multi-source data according to claim 8, wherein the theoretical chemical addition amount in the secondary restoration is determined according to the soil restoration difference rate and the chemical addition amount in the primary restoration, and the chemical addition amount is adjusted according to the vegetation growth difference.
10. 10. The multi-source data-based mine remediation ecological restoration monitoring method of claim 9, wherein the actual chemical delivery amount is equal to the theoretical delivery amount if the vegetation growth difference between the standard planting area and the mine restoration area is relatively large, and the actual chemical delivery amount is smaller than the theoretical delivery amount if the vegetation growth difference between the standard planting area and the mine restoration area is relatively small.

Description

Mine remediation ecological restoration monitoring method based on multi-source data Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ecological monitoring, in particular to a mine renovation ecological restoration monitoring method based on multi-source data. Background The mining activities inevitably cause series of ecological wounds such as surface vegetation damage, soil structural damage, enrichment of heavy metals and mineral separation agents, hydrologic system disturbance and the like, so that after the mining is finished, systematic ecological restoration work is required to be carried out to restore the ecological functions and stability of the abandoned mine, the ecological restoration of the mine is not a short-term engineering, vegetation community reconstruction, soil function restoration and pollutant steady-state conversion are all obvious in long-term and progressive, and continuous accurate monitoring in the later restoration stage is a key for consolidating restoration effect and preventing ecological rebound. In the later period of restoration, the existing monitoring mode is mostly dependent on outdoor fixed monitoring facilities, such as soil moisture content monitoring stations, air quality monitoring stations, hydrologic monitoring sections and the like, and normalization tracking is carried out, but the fixed monitoring stations can only acquire basic macroscopic indexes such as soil moisture content, air temperature and humidity, particulate matter concentration and the like, the data dimension is single, the requirement of accurate assessment of restoration effect cannot be met, core indexes such as effective state content of soil pollutants, microbial activity, organic matter components, soil porosity and the like still need to be acquired through the modes of on-site sampling and laboratory accurate measurement, comprehensive diagnosis of restoration conditions is realized, but when sampling points are selected, sampling points set in the early period of restoration are directly continued under most scenes, after restoration is carried out for a period of time, a certain change exists in mine environment, and the continuation of the sampling points may miss the change of mine partial areas, so that the accurate monitoring of the mine environment is not facilitated. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a mine remediation ecological restoration monitoring method based on multi-source data, so as to solve the problems in the background technology. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the mine renovation ecological restoration monitoring method based on the multi-source data comprises the following steps: step one, acquiring mine environment information, including vegetation information, soil information, air information and underground water information, wherein the soil information comprises pH value, conductivity, organic matter content, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), soil texture, volume weight, porosity and concentration of heavy metal pollutants; restoring the polluted soil by using a chemical agent, developing vegetation planting in a mine restoration area, realizing ecological restoration through phytoremediation, and establishing a standard planting area as a reference standard; obtaining vegetation growth information by unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography, obtaining vegetation growth expected information according to vegetation growth information of the mine restoration area and the standard planting area, and determining a vegetation growth defective area of the mine restoration area according to the expected information; And fourthly, sampling soil and air in the poor growth area, detecting the soil and the air in a laboratory in detail, acquiring environmental ecological restoration result information, and further restoring the soil according to the environmental ecological restoration result information. Further, the standard planting area is positioned near the edge of the mine restoration area, and a natural area which is not affected by mining activities can be established by adopting a normal soil paving mode. The standard planting area is similar to the mine restoration area in elevation, consistent in slope direction, similar in annual average temperature and similar in precipitation, the standard planting area with low pollution background and target vegetation type is matched with the heavy metal pollution restoration area, the standard planting area with same slope soil-fixing vegetation type is matched with the mine slope treatment area, the standard planting areas with similar directions are respectively matched with a plurality of slopes with larger direction differences, and the reference effectiveness under different restoration scenes is ensured. Further, the repair area is divided into