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CN-121995075-A - Magnetic levitation flying wind tunnel speed measuring device and method based on light sensor and scale

CN121995075ACN 121995075 ACN121995075 ACN 121995075ACN-121995075-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic levitation flying wind tunnel speed measuring device and method based on an optical sensor and a scale. The speed measuring device comprises a scale, wherein the scale is arranged along the direction of a motion track of a magnetic levitation flight wind tunnel motion platform, hollow parts which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the scale along the axial direction, the speed measuring device further comprises an optical probe which moves along with the motion platform, the hollow parts and non-hollow parts between adjacent hollow parts can form shielding and passing switching on light beams emitted by the optical probe so as to generate a switch-type signal, and the switch-type signal is used for calculating the motion speed of the motion platform. The invention can simultaneously give consideration to the strong electromagnetic environment anti-interference capability, full-stroke continuous high-precision speed measurement, has simple system structure and controllable cost, and can adapt to wide-speed-range test working conditions.

Inventors

  • ZHANG JUN
  • YANG HONGSEN
  • WANG MAO

Assignees

  • 成都流体动力创新中心

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260410

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The magnetic levitation flight wind tunnel speed measuring device based on the optical sensor and the scaleplate is characterized by comprising the scaleplate, wherein the scaleplate is arranged along the motion track direction of the magnetic levitation flight wind tunnel motion platform, and hollow parts which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the scaleplate along the axial direction; The optical probe moves along with the moving platform, and the hollowed-out parts and the non-hollowed-out parts between the adjacent hollowed-out parts can form shielding and passing switching for the light beam emitted by the optical probe so as to generate a switch-type signal; the switch type signal is used for calculating the movement speed of the movement platform; The optical probe is fixed on the motion platform by using a mounting bracket; Under the condition that the optical probe is reflective, the mounting bracket comprises a bottom plate fixedly connected with the moving platform and a vertical plate for mounting the optical probe; Under the condition that the optical probe is correlation type, the mounting bracket comprises a stand column used for being fixed with the moving platform, a cross beam perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving platform is arranged on the stand column, a fixed seat and a movable seat are arranged on the cross beam, the movable seat can move along the cross beam to adjust the distance between the movable seat and the fixed seat, the transmitting end and the receiving end of the correlation type probe are respectively arranged on the fixed seat and the movable seat, and the staff gauge is positioned between the fixed seat and the movable seat.
  2. 2. The magnetic levitation flight wind tunnel speed measuring device based on the optical sensor and the scale, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the ratio of the non-hollowed-out part of the scale to the hollowed-out width is a duty ratio, and the value range of the duty ratio is 0.1-1.0.
  3. 3. The magnetic levitation flying wind tunnel speed measuring device based on the light sensor and the scale of claim 1 is characterized in that the duty ratio is 0.5.
  4. 4. The magnetic levitation flying wind tunnel speed measuring device based on the light sensor and the scale of claim 1, further comprising an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the width of the hollowed-out part.
  5. 5. The magnetic levitation flight wind tunnel speed measuring device based on the optical sensor and the scale of claim 1, further comprising an optical fiber amplifier and an electromagnetic shielding box, wherein the optical probe is connected with the optical fiber amplifier through an optical fiber, the optical fiber amplifier is packaged in the electromagnetic shielding box, the output end of the electromagnetic shielding box is connected with a signal collector, the signal collector is in communication connection with an upper computer, and the upper computer is used for calculating the movement speed of the movement platform according to a switch type signal.
  6. 6. The magnetic levitation flying wind tunnel velocity measurement device based on the light sensor and the scale according to claim 1 is characterized in that the scale is made of nonferromagnetic materials and has a thickness of 1-5 mm.
  7. 7. The device for measuring the speed of the magnetic levitation flying wind tunnel based on the optical sensor and the scale, which is disclosed in claim 4, is characterized in that the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting scale which is overlapped on the front side or the rear side of the scale, and the adjusting scale can reciprocate along the axial extension direction of the scale, so that the hollowed-out shielding area of the two scales is changed, and the hollowed-out width is adjusted.
  8. 8. The device of claim 7, further comprising a linear driving mechanism for driving the adjusting scales to move, wherein the relative axial positions of the two scales can be adjusted through the linear driving mechanism, so that the width of the hollowed-out part is changed.
  9. 9. A magnetic levitation flight wind tunnel speed measuring method based on a light sensor and a scale, which is applied to the magnetic levitation flight wind tunnel speed measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: performing time derivative on the switch type signal output by the optical probe to obtain a time derivative of the switch type signal, performing peak value detection on the time derivative of the switch type signal, and extracting time points corresponding to all peak values; and calculating the movement speed of the movement platform according to the hollowed width on the scale and the time difference of the peak time point.
  10. 10. The method for measuring the speed of the wind tunnel of the magnetic levitation flight based on the optical sensor and the scale according to claim 9, wherein the switch type signal is a voltage signal and the formula is utilized: Performing time derivation on the voltage signal output by the optical probe, wherein, V (t) is the first derivative of the voltage signal V (t) with respect to time t, V (t) is the voltage signal, t is time, diff is the difference operator; Using the formula: peak detection is performed on the time derivative of the voltage signal, wherein, Storing time coordinates corresponding to all detected signal peaks for a one-dimensional time sequence array, wherein findpeaks () is a peak detection algorithm; Using the formula: Calculating the speed of the motion platform, wherein v (t) is the speed at the moment t, Is hollow width.

Description

Magnetic levitation flying wind tunnel speed measuring device and method based on light sensor and scale Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel tests, and particularly relates to a magnetic levitation flying wind tunnel speed measuring device and method based on an optical sensor and a scale. Background The magnetic levitation flight wind tunnel is novel aerodynamic test equipment which fuses a superconducting magnetic levitation driving technology and a dynamic model aerodynamic test principle, is different from a test mode of 'wind power and static' of a traditional wind tunnel, adopts a test logic of 'body dynamic wind and static', can directly drive the test model to do high-speed linear motion along a track, truly restores aerodynamic environments of equipment such as aircrafts, high-speed rail vehicles and the like in an actual running process, and has the advantages of wide-speed-domain coverage, wide Reynolds number adaptation, low background noise, low airflow turbulence and the like. The device can effectively support core basic scientific problem research and equipment performance verification in the aerospace field such as boundary layer transition, aerodynamic noise suppression, flow separation control, high-speed movement stability and the like, and is key core test equipment in the autonomous development process of high-end equipment such as advanced aircrafts and ultra-high-speed trains in China. In the pneumatic test process of the magnetic levitation flight wind tunnel, the real-time motion speed of the test model is a basic parameter for resolving the pneumatic coefficient and analyzing the pneumatic characteristic, and the accuracy, stability and real-time performance of the speed measurement result directly determine the effectiveness of the pneumatic test data. However, the method is limited by the working principle of a magnetic levitation flying wind tunnel, in the test process, a high-intensity and large-range complex electromagnetic field generated by a superconducting magnetic levitation system exists in a model movement area, a conventional electromagnetic speed measuring sensor and electronic measuring equipment are extremely easy to be subjected to strong electromagnetic interference, the problems of signal distortion, data drift and even complete failure occur, and stable and accurate speed measurement cannot be realized. Aiming at the speed measurement requirement under the strong electromagnetic environment of the magnetic levitation flying wind tunnel, the existing mainstream solution is to arrange a large number of speed measurement sensors in a whole course along the track in a distributed manner, collect trigger signals of the test model passing through different positions through a plurality of groups of sensors, and obtain the average movement speed of the test model through the conversion of the distance-time relation by combining the installation interval and the trigger time difference of the sensors. However, the following technical problems exist in the practical application of the scheme: Firstly, the test track of the magnetic levitation flying wind tunnel is usually hundreds of meters or even thousands of meters, hundreds of thousands of sensors and matched signal acquisition channels are required to be arranged for realizing the whole-process continuous speed measurement, the equipment purchasing, mounting and maintaining costs are extremely high, and the construction cost of a wind tunnel test system is greatly increased. Secondly, a large number of distributed sensors need to be matched with a complex wiring system, a synchronous acquisition system and a signal processing system, the overall structure of the speed measuring system is huge and complex, the integrity of a speed measuring result can be influenced when any one sensor or acquisition channel breaks down, the overall reliability of the system is low, and the difficulty of fault detection and maintenance is extremely high. The method can only obtain the sectional average speed through discrete sensor point positions, cannot realize real-time continuous speed measurement of the full stroke of the test model, is difficult to restore the speed change process of the full stage of acceleration, uniform speed and deceleration of the model, and cannot meet the parameter requirements of the high-precision pneumatic test. The prior art chinese patent application CN202010882500.8 discloses a particle imaging velocimetry system applied in wind tunnel, comprising a wind tunnel body, a model support and movement device, a particle generator, a particle scattering connector, a particle scattering tube, an illumination device and an image acquisition device. The model supporting and moving device is arranged outside the experimental section of the wind tunnel and is used for installing the model and driving the model to move in the experimental section of the wind tunnel. The p