CN-121995219-A - In-situ observation method and in-situ observation platform for lithium ion battery electrode heat spreading

CN121995219ACN 121995219 ACN121995219 ACN 121995219ACN-121995219-A

Abstract

The invention provides an in-situ observation method and an in-situ observation platform for lithium ion battery electrode heat spreading, wherein the method comprises the steps of preparing an in-situ observer in advance, wherein the in-situ observer is of a high temperature resistant cavity structure with visibility, placing an in-situ observation sample and preset battery electrolyte into the in-situ observer, and performing sealing treatment on the in-situ observer, wherein the in-situ observation sample is a positive and negative pole piece with a preset positive and negative pole piece area ratio, the in-situ observer with the in-situ observation sample and the preset battery electrolyte is placed in the in-situ observer and is used for simulating a battery with visualization, performing non-contact heating on the in-situ observation sample placed in the in-situ observer to trigger a thermal runaway process of the in-situ observation sample, so as to obtain an in-situ observation sample after thermal runaway, and performing in-situ observation analysis on the in-situ observation sample after thermal runaway. The method can realize in-situ observation of the heat spreading of the lithium ion battery electrode with low cost and high efficiency.

Inventors

JIN CHANGYONG
FENG XUNING
XU CHENGSHAN
OUYANG MINGGAO
LU LANGUANG
LI YALUN

Assignees

清华大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260130

Claims (10)

1. An in-situ observation method for heat spreading of an electrode of a lithium ion battery, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing an in-situ observer in advance, wherein the in-situ observer is of a high-temperature-resistant cavity structure with visibility; Placing an in-situ observation sample and a preset battery electrolyte into the in-situ observer, and sealing the in-situ observer, wherein the in-situ observation sample is a positive and negative pole piece with a preset positive and negative pole piece area ratio, and the in-situ observer with the in-situ observation sample and the preset battery electrolyte is used for simulating a battery with visualization; performing non-contact heating on the in-situ observation sample in the in-situ observer to trigger a thermal runaway process of the in-situ observation sample, so as to obtain an in-situ observation sample after thermal runaway; and performing in-situ observation analysis on the in-situ observation sample after thermal runaway.
2. The method of in situ observation of thermal spread of a lithium ion battery electrode of claim 1, wherein prior to said in situ observation analysis of said post-thermal runaway in situ observation sample, said method further comprises: Acquiring gas information in the in-situ observer, pressure information in the in-situ observer and temperature information in the in-situ observer, wherein the gas information is generated by the in-situ observation sample in a thermal runaway process, the pressure information is formed by the in-situ observation sample in the thermal runaway process, and the temperature information is formed by the in-situ observation sample in the thermal runaway process; The in-situ observation analysis of the in-situ observation sample after thermal runaway comprises the following steps: and performing in-situ observation analysis on the in-situ observation sample after thermal runaway based on the gas information, the pressure information and the temperature information.
3. The in-situ observation method for the thermal spread of the electrode of the lithium ion battery according to claim 2, wherein the gas information in the in-situ observer is obtained by adopting the following modes: accessing an in-situ gas chromatography-mass spectrometer to an in-situ observer, obtaining gas information in the in-situ observer based on the in-situ gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, and And measuring the gas component of the gas information in situ based on the in situ gas chromatography mass spectrometer.
4. The in-situ observation method for the thermal spread of the electrode of the lithium ion battery according to claim 2, wherein the pressure information in the in-situ observer is obtained by adopting the following modes: Configuring a pressure sensor for the in-situ observer to obtain pressure information within the in-situ observer based on the pressure sensor, and And measuring a pressure value of the pressure information in situ based on the pressure sensor.
5. The in-situ observation method for the thermal spread of the electrode of the lithium ion battery according to claim 2, wherein the temperature information in the in-situ observer is obtained by adopting the following modes: configuring a temperature sensor for the in-situ observer to obtain temperature information within the in-situ observer based on the temperature sensor, and And measuring a temperature value of the temperature information in situ based on the temperature sensor.
6. The in-situ observation method for the thermal spread of the electrode of the lithium ion battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the in-situ observation sample is prepared by the following method: disassembling the fully charged soft package battery in a drying chamber to obtain positive and negative plates; And carrying out area proportioning on the positive and negative plates according to the preset area ratio of the positive and negative plates to obtain the in-situ observation sample.
7. The method of in-situ observation of thermal spread of electrodes of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said non-contact heating of said in-situ observation sample placed within said in-situ observer comprises: Contactless heating of the in situ observation sample placed within the in situ observer based on an induction coil, or A non-contact heating of the in situ observation sample disposed within the in situ observer is performed based on a laser source.
8. An in-situ observation platform for lithium ion battery electrode heat spreading, characterized in that the in-situ observation platform is used for realizing the in-situ observation method for lithium ion battery electrode heat spreading according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the in-situ observation platform comprises: An in-situ observer, the in-situ observer is a high temperature resistant cavity structure with visibility, and And the non-contact heating source is used for performing non-contact heating on the in-situ observation sample arranged in the in-situ observer so as to trigger the thermal runaway process of the in-situ observation sample, and the in-situ observation sample after thermal runaway is obtained.
9. The in situ observation platform for thermal propagation of a lithium ion battery electrode of claim 8, further comprising: The in-situ gas chromatography-mass spectrometer is connected to the in-situ observer and used for acquiring gas information in the in-situ observer; The pressure sensor is arranged on the in-situ observer and is used for acquiring pressure information in the in-situ observer; The temperature sensor is arranged on the in-situ observer and used for acquiring temperature information in the in-situ observer, wherein, The gas information is generated in the thermal runaway process of the in-situ observation sample, the pressure information is formed in the thermal runaway process of the in-situ observation sample, and the temperature information is formed in the thermal runaway process of the in-situ observation sample.
10. The in situ observation platform for thermal spread of lithium ion battery electrode of claim 8, wherein the non-contact heating source comprises at least one or more of an induction coil and a laser source.

Description

In-situ observation method and in-situ observation platform for lithium ion battery electrode heat spreading Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of battery thermal safety test, in particular to an in-situ observation method and an in-situ observation platform for lithium ion battery electrode thermal spread. Background The growth in the electric automobile market is largely attributable to advances in lithium ion battery technology. However, the thermal runaway problem in lithium ion batteries creates a significant impediment to further development of electric vehicles. As known in the related art, various thermal runaway mechanisms of lithium ion batteries have been studied. Abusive conditions that may lead to thermal runaway include mechanical abuse, electrical abuse, and thermal abuse. Internal short circuits are a common feature of all types of abusive conditions in lithium ion batteries, and different abusive conditions can lead to various types of internal short circuits. In situ observation of thermal runaway enables researchers to more deeply understand the complex processes and mechanisms occurring during thermal runaway and can help determine the root cause of battery failure and formulate mitigation or prevention strategies, however, current in situ observation techniques of thermal runaway often rely on more expensive equipment and stringent experimental conditions, resulting in higher in situ observation costs of thermal runaway. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides an in-situ observation method and an in-situ observation platform for lithium ion battery electrode heat spreading, which can realize in-situ observation of lithium ion battery electrode heat spreading with low cost and high efficiency. The invention provides an in-situ observation method for lithium ion battery electrode heat spreading, which comprises the steps of preparing an in-situ observer in advance, wherein the in-situ observer is of a visible high temperature resistant cavity structure, placing an in-situ observation sample and preset battery electrolyte into the in-situ observer, and sealing the in-situ observer, wherein the in-situ observation sample is a positive and negative electrode plate with a preset positive and negative electrode plate area ratio, the in-situ observer with the in-situ observation sample and the preset battery electrolyte placed therein is used for simulating a battery with visualization, performing non-contact heating on the in-situ observation sample placed in the in-situ observer to trigger a thermal runaway process of the in-situ observation sample, obtaining a thermal runaway in-situ observation sample, and performing in-situ observation analysis on the thermal runaway in-situ observation sample. The in-situ observation method for the lithium ion battery electrode thermal spread, provided by the invention, comprises the steps of acquiring gas information in the in-situ observer, pressure information in the in-situ observer and temperature information in the in-situ observer before in-situ observation analysis is carried out on the in-situ observation sample after thermal runaway, wherein the gas information is generated by the in-situ observation sample in the thermal runaway process, the pressure information is formed by the in-situ observation sample in the thermal runaway process, the temperature information is formed by the in-situ observation sample in the thermal runaway process, and the in-situ observation analysis is carried out on the in-situ observation sample after thermal runaway, and comprises the in-situ observation analysis is carried out on the in-situ observation sample after thermal runaway based on the gas information, the pressure information and the temperature information. According to the in-situ observation method for the lithium ion battery electrode heat spreading, the gas information in the in-situ observer is obtained, and the method is realized by connecting an in-situ gas chromatography-mass spectrometer to the in-situ observer, so as to obtain the gas information in the in-situ observer based on the in-situ gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, and measuring the gas component of the gas information in-situ based on the in-situ gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. According to the in-situ observation method for the thermal spread of the lithium ion battery electrode, the pressure information in the in-situ observer is obtained, and the method is realized by configuring a pressure sensor for the in-situ observer, so as to obtain the pressure information in the in-situ observer based on the pressure sensor, and measuring the pressure value of the pressure information in-situ based on the pressure sensor. According to the in-situ observation method for the lithium ion battery electrode heat spreading, the temperature information in the in-situ observer is obtained, and the method is realized by configuring a temperature sensor for