CN-121995472-A - Spectral inversion high-resolution processing method based on strong axis stripping

CN121995472ACN 121995472 ACN121995472 ACN 121995472ACN-121995472-A

Abstract

The invention provides a spectrum inversion high-resolution processing method based on strong axis stripping, which relates to the field of seismic exploration and is characterized by comprising the steps of inputting original seismic data and extracting strong reflection wave phase-axis seismic data; subtracting the extracted strong reflection wave on-phase axis seismic data from the original seismic data to obtain strong reflection suppressed seismic data, replacing the original seismic data with the strong reflection suppressed seismic data to establish a spectrum inversion objective function, and solving the spectrum inversion objective function to obtain a high-resolution seismic section with strong reflection wave suppressed and weak signals highlighted. The spectrum inversion high-resolution processing mechanism based on strong axis stripping has the beneficial effects that the spectrum inversion high-resolution processing mechanism based on strong axis stripping is clear and clear, and relates to time domain iterative deconvolution stripping strong reflection wave phase axis, spectrum inversion high-resolution processing stripping strong reflection wave phase axis, strong reflection pressing and spectrum inversion high-resolution thin layer identification.

Inventors

WANG YANGUANG
LIU HAOJIE
KONG QINGFENG
SUN WEIGUO
CHEN YUMAO
WANG PENG
WANG GAOCHENG

Assignees

中国石油化工股份有限公司
中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20241104

Claims (10)

1. The spectrum inversion high-resolution processing method based on the strong axis stripping is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Inputting original seismic data, and extracting strong reflection wave event seismic data; Subtracting the extracted strong reflection wave on-phase axis seismic data from the original seismic data to obtain strong reflection suppressed seismic data; replacing the original seismic data with the seismic data subjected to strong reflection suppression, and establishing a spectrum inversion objective function; and solving a spectrum inversion objective function to obtain the high-resolution seismic section.
2. The spectrum inversion high-resolution processing method based on strong axis stripping according to claim 1, wherein strong reflection wave phase axis seismic data are extracted, iterative deconvolution in a time domain is adopted, and horizon addition window constraint is implemented to extract the strong reflection wave phase axis seismic data; Or solving a spectrum inversion objective function by utilizing sparsity characteristics of spectrum inversion high-resolution processing, and extracting strong reflection wave on-phase axis seismic data.
3. The method for processing spectrum inversion high resolution based on strong axis stripping according to claim 2, wherein the step of iteratively deconvoluting by using a time domain and performing horizon time window constraint to extract strong reflection wave phase axis seismic data comprises the steps of: Inputting the seismic data d a to be processed, the maximum iteration number maxiter, the allowed maximum error tol and the source wavelet w; Performing cross-correlation on the seismic source wavelet w and the seismic data d a , and searching the position of the maximum cross-correlation; the position of the maximum value of the cross-correlation is the time position of the predicted reflection coefficient, and then the amplitude r of the related reflection coefficient is calculated: And carrying out convolution on the obtained reflection coefficient amplitude and the seismic wavelet to obtain strong reflection wave on-phase axis seismic data.
4. The strong axis stripping-based spectral inversion high resolution processing method of claim 2, comprising: inputting seismic data d a to be processed, a sparse coefficient lambda, an allowable maximum error tol and a source wavelet w; constructing a wedge-shaped model library consisting of parity reflection coefficient pairs; Based on the wedge model library and the source wavelet, expected inversion data are constructed: designing a spectrum inversion objective function based on the original seismic data, the inversion data and the application of L1 regularization constraints; And solving a spectrum inversion objective function to obtain strong reflection wave on-phase axis seismic data d.
5. The method for processing the spectrum inversion high resolution based on the strong axis stripping according to claim 2, wherein the calculation formula of the reflection coefficient amplitude r is as follows: Where r is the reflection coefficient amplitude, d a is the input seismic data, t 0 is the time window center position, τ 1 is the time position of the searched reflection coefficient, and w is the source wavelet.
6. The method of high resolution processing of spectral inversion based on strong axis striping of claim 4, wherein constructing the desired inversion data based on the wedge model library and the source wavelet comprises: Performing convolution operation on the constructed odd-even reflection coefficient and the wedge model library and the focus wavelet to obtain a wedge model library with layer response; the layer responses are arranged according to a certain rule by combining different layer responses, and the layer responses are rearranged to obtain expected inversion seismic data; Inversion seismic data is represented by a matrix method.
7. The method for processing the spectrum inversion high resolution based on the strong axis stripping according to claim 1, wherein the spectrum inversion objective function is solved by combining the obtained parameter m with a constructed wedge model library.
8. A spectral inversion high resolution processing apparatus based on strong axis stripping, comprising: the extraction module is used for receiving the original seismic data and extracting the strong reflection wave phase-axis seismic data; the calculation module subtracts the extracted strong reflection wave event seismic data from the original seismic data to obtain strong reflection suppressed seismic data; the modeling module replaces the original seismic data with the seismic data after strong reflection suppression, and establishes a spectrum inversion objective function; And the solving module is used for solving the spectrum inversion objective function to obtain the high-resolution seismic profile.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute a program of the strong axis stripping-based spectrum inversion high resolution processing method to implement the strong axis stripping-based spectrum inversion high resolution processing method of any one of claims 1-7.
10. A storage medium storing one or more programs executable by one or more processors to implement the strong axis striping-based spectral inversion high resolution processing method of any one of claims 1-7.

Description

Spectral inversion high-resolution processing method based on strong axis stripping Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of seismic physical exploration, in particular to a spectrum inversion high-resolution processing method based on strong axis stripping. Background With the gradual deep exploration of oil and gas resources in China, the exploration target gradually turns to thin-layer, unconventional and other complex oil and gas reservoirs, and the seismic exploration technology is taken as a very effective exploration means and plays an important role in oil and gas exploration. However, due to the influence of factors such as wave group interference of a thin layer structure and stratum energy absorption, the resolution ratio of the conventional seismic data is low, and particularly in the aspect of thin layer identification, the conventional seismic data attribute extraction and interpretation technology is difficult to meet the fine requirements of exploration and development. The low resolution of conventional seismic data in thin layer exploration is mainly due to the broadband nature of seismic wavelets whose waveforms do not provide enough detailed information. In order to solve the problem, the spectrum inversion technology becomes a method which is widely focused, and a high-resolution seismic section is obtained by eliminating the influence of seismic wavelets so as to realize the accurate identification of a thin layer. But when there is a strong reflected wave near the thin layer, the thin layer is difficult to identify by a high resolution processing method based on spectrum inversion. For example, a strong reflected wave of a coal seam may mask or drown a weak reflected signal of a target layer, which affects thin layer identification near the target layer, reflection of the strong reflected wave between different mediums in the subsurface may cause multipath effects, which may complicate interpretation of data, the presence of the strong reflected wave may cause blurring or distortion of subsurface structures, reduce imaging resolution, in some cases, the strong reflected wave may be reflected or attenuated in a deep portion, which may cause distortion of a deep target, thereby increasing difficulty of deep exploration, and the presence of the strong reflected wave may complicate interpretation of the formation, especially in the presence of multiple similar reflectors, which may increase difficulty of formation interpretation. In China patent application No. CN202111599576.0, "an earthquake inversion method and system for eliminating strong reflection shielding effect", a similar strong reflection suppressing method is mentioned, wherein post-stack earthquake data and well logging impedance curves are obtained, well earthquake calibration is carried out, unshielded earthquake data is obtained based on the earthquake data, a pseudo-wave impedance curve is obtained based on the well logging impedance curves, the synthetic earthquake records of the pseudo-wave impedance curves are matched with unshielded earthquake data, pseudo-wave impedance inversion data are obtained based on the unshielded earthquake data and the pseudo-wave impedance curves, and comprehensive interpretation of a reservoir is carried out based on the pseudo-wave impedance inversion data. The method specifically eliminates and weakens the influence of strong reflection energy shielding and Gibbs effect, and can improve the resolution of seismic inversion and the accuracy of reservoir prediction. However, this application requires well-shock calibration and acquisition of a log impedance curve, which requires additional exploration work and data processing, and is not suitable for strong reflection compaction in low-well or well-free areas. In China patent application No. CN202111290566.9, a method and a device for shielding strong reflection of desuperheating are mentioned, a similar strong reflection suppressing method is mentioned, wherein weighted average seismic channel data is calculated according to current seismic channels in seismic data and the seismic channel data of adjacent seismic channels adjacent to the current seismic channels, seismic atom parameters corresponding to the strongest amplitude position are extracted according to the weighted average seismic channel data, and seismic atoms corresponding to the seismic atom parameters are subtracted from the weighted average seismic channel data, so that the seismic channel data after strong reflection of the current seismic channels is obtained. The method realizes the removal of the strong reflection of the earthquake, avoids the shielding of weak and small useful signals, thereby improving the identification precision of the strong reflection co-axial shaft and having guiding significance for the exploration and development of the oil and gas reservoir hidden below the strong reflection shaft of the earthquake. However, for complex