CN-121995550-A - Rain gauge

CN121995550ACN 121995550 ACN121995550 ACN 121995550ACN-121995550-A

Abstract

The invention provides a rain gauge, which comprises a detection device and a measurement device. The detection device comprises a collecting mechanism, a sensing mechanism and a measuring device, wherein the collecting mechanism is provided with an upward opening and an outlet part which is positioned at the bottom of the collecting mechanism and communicated with the outside, a collecting cavity is formed between the opening and the outlet part and is suitable for collecting rainwater, the sensing mechanism is matched with the outlet part to form a downward inclined runner, the rainwater discharged by the collecting cavity flows along the runner and is gathered at one end of the sensing mechanism far away from the outlet part, the sensing mechanism is configured to be downwards bent under the condition that the volume of gathered rainwater reaches a critical volume so as to discharge the rainwater, and is reset under the condition that the volume of gathered rainwater is smaller than the critical volume, and the measuring device is suitable for measuring the bending frequency of the sensing mechanism and determining the rainfall according to the bending frequency of the sensing mechanism, the area of the opening of the collecting mechanism and the critical volume.

Inventors

LIU SHIJIE
YU CUNLONG
LI CHUXIN
DONG ZHICHAO
JIANG LEI

Assignees

中国科学技术大学苏州高等研究院
中国科学技术大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260206

Claims (10)

1. A rain gauge, comprising: a detection apparatus comprising: the collecting mechanism is provided with an upward opening and an outlet part which is positioned at the bottom of the collecting mechanism and communicated with the outside, a collecting cavity is formed between the opening and the outlet part, and the collecting mechanism is suitable for collecting rainwater; A sensing mechanism cooperating with the outlet portion to form a flow path inclined downwardly relative to a horizontal plane, along which the rainwater discharged from the collecting chamber flows and is collected at an end of the sensing mechanism remote from the outlet portion, the sensing mechanism being configured to be bent downwardly to a critical position in case that a volume of collected rainwater reaches a critical volume so as to discharge the rainwater and to be reset in case that the volume of collected rainwater is less than the critical volume; And the measuring equipment is suitable for measuring the bending frequency of the sensing mechanism and determining the rainfall according to the bending frequency of the sensing mechanism, the area of the opening of the collecting mechanism and the critical volume.
2. The rain gauge of claim 1, wherein the sensing mechanism includes a stem portion, the critical volume being such that the stem portion flexes downwardly to a critical position when an elastic limit of the stem portion is overcome.
3. The rain gauge of claim 2, wherein the stem portion comprises: A conductor layer; A coating layer adapted to coat a side of the conductor layer facing the rainwater and expose at least a portion of a side of the conductor layer facing away from the rainwater; the material of one surface of the coating layer facing the rainwater is hydrophilic material suitable for collecting the rainwater; The material of the one side of the cladding layer, which is far away from the rainwater, is a hydrophobic material, and the hydrophobic material is used for preventing the rainwater from entering the conductor layer.
4. A rain gauge according to claim 3, wherein the measuring device comprises: The acquisition mechanism comprises an acquisition assembly; after the rod body of the induction mechanism is bent to a critical position, the exposed part of the conductor layer is electrically contacted with the acquisition component, a local conductive loop is formed, and under the combined action of a contact electrification effect and capacitive coupling, a pulse electric signal is generated and used for determining the frequency of the induction mechanism bent to the critical position.
5. The rain gauge according to claim 1, wherein the outlet portion is configured to have a cylindrical structure inclined downward from a bottom of the collection chamber with respect to a horizontal plane, and a positioning groove is formed on an end face of the cylindrical structure away from the collection chamber; The sensing mechanism further comprises: And the installation part is flexibly inserted into the positioning groove, and the rod body part is connected with the installation part and is matched with the outlet part and the installation part to form the flow passage.
6. The rain gauge of any of claims 1-5, wherein the sensing devices are plural and the cross-sectional area of the opening of each sensing device is different.
7. The liquid flow meter according to any of claims 1-5, wherein in the reset state the initial angle of the flow channel to the horizontal is 20 ° to 60 °.
8. The rain gauge according to claim 5, wherein the width of the rod body portion in a direction orthogonal to the rainwater flowing direction is 2 to 8 mm.
9. The rain gauge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the collection mechanism comprises: A riser body having the opening; And the collecting assembly is arranged at the lower end of the vertical pipe body and is provided with a structure which is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the outlet part is arranged at the bottom of the collecting assembly.
10. The rain gauge of claim 4, further comprising: And the cover body is suitable for covering the detection equipment and the measurement equipment and exposing the opening.

Description

Rain gauge Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of liquid measurement, and more particularly to a rain gauge. Background Rainfall is one of the most important meteorological indicators. The space-time resolution of rainfall data acquisition is improved, and the method has important significance in the aspects of hydrology, meteorology, climate change, agricultural production, ecological cycle, natural disaster early warning and the like. The self-recording type rain gauge is a standard instrument for realizing automatic, real-time and accurate measurement and recording of ground rainfall and rainfall intensity. According to different measurement principles, the common self-recording rain gauge can be divided into weighing type, siphon type, tipping bucket type, optical type, acoustic type and other types. The weighing type, siphon type, optical type, acoustic type and other types of rain gauges have complex structures and high preparation and maintenance costs, and the tipping bucket type rain gauge has lower cost and the most wide application at present. The skip type rainfall meter can record the hour rainfall and the minute rainfall, the observable maximum rainfall intensity is generally 4 mm/min, and the conventional rainfall measurement precision is 0.5mm, 0.2 mm or 0.1 mm. Taking a tipping bucket type rainfall meter with the precision of 0.2 mm as an example, the working principle is that when a rain-bearing funnel with the diameter of 20 cm is used for collecting rainwater with the height of 0.2 mm (the critical volume is 6.28 mL), the tipping bucket is dumped once under the gravity action of the rainwater, a steel reed pipe in the rainfall meter is connected and transmits a pulse signal, and then the tipping bucket on the other side is responsible for receiving the rainwater collected by the upper Fang Chengyu funnel, and the cycle is repeated. The tipping bucket type rain gauge needs to wait for the tipping bucket to turn over to start metering, and the rainfall start time of low-intensity rainfall cannot be accurately recorded. Furthermore, when the skip is stationary, i.e. during the accumulation of rain, the skip is not feeding back the measurement results, resulting in a time delay in its measurement process and an increase in delay time with a decrease in the intensity of the rain. Therefore, the skip type rain gauge cannot accurately measure the rainfall intensity of low-intensity rainfall and intermittent rainfall. Disclosure of Invention In view of this, the present invention provides a rain gauge including: a detection apparatus comprising: the collecting mechanism is provided with an upward opening and an outlet part which is positioned at the bottom of the collecting mechanism and communicated with the outside, a collecting cavity is formed between the opening and the outlet part, and the collecting mechanism is suitable for collecting rainwater; A sensing mechanism cooperating with the outlet portion to form a flow path inclined downwardly relative to a horizontal plane, along which the rainwater discharged from the collecting chamber flows and is collected at an end of the sensing mechanism remote from the outlet portion, the sensing mechanism being configured to be bent downwardly to a critical position in case that a volume of collected rainwater reaches a critical volume so as to discharge the rainwater and to be reset in case that the volume of collected rainwater is less than the critical volume; And the measuring equipment is suitable for measuring the bending frequency of the sensing mechanism and determining the rainfall according to the bending frequency of the sensing mechanism, the area of the opening of the collecting mechanism and the critical volume. According to an embodiment of the invention, the sensing mechanism comprises a body portion, and the critical volume is bent down to a critical position in case the elastic limit of the body portion is overcome. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rod body includes: A conductor layer; A coating layer adapted to coat a side of the conductor layer facing the rainwater and expose at least a portion of a side of the conductor layer facing away from the rainwater; the material of one surface of the coating layer facing the rainwater is a hydrophilic material, and the hydrophilic material is suitable for collecting the rainwater; The material of the one side of the cladding layer, which is far away from the rainwater, is a hydrophobic material, and the hydrophobic material is used for preventing the rainwater from entering the conductor layer. According to an embodiment of the invention, the measuring device comprises: The acquisition mechanism comprises an acquisition assembly; After the induction mechanism is bent to a critical position, the exposed part of the conductor layer is electrically contacted with the acquisition component, a local conductive loop is formed, and under the combi