CN-121996042-A - Phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system and server cooling control method

CN121996042ACN 121996042 ACN121996042 ACN 121996042ACN-121996042-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cooling systems and cooling methods, and provides a phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system and a server cooling control method, wherein two-phase cooling media are conveyed from a storage unit to a mixed-phase cold plate to exchange heat with a heating element, and a first part of the output cooling media returns to a two-phase cooling medium storage unit through a first cooling medium distribution unit in a main cooling loop; and the control module dynamically matches the output of the cooling medium in the phase-change module according to the dynamic thermal load fluctuation of the heating element in the server so as to reduce the instantaneous thermal shock of the heating element. The cold quantity regulating mechanism can quickly respond to the load change of the heating element, synchronously match with the load change of the heating element, and can conveniently reform the existing cold plate cooling system.

Inventors

LIU LIJUN
LI LONGFEI
YANG YANG

Assignees

南华大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260128

Claims (10)

1. The phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system is characterized by comprising a control module and a heating element level liquid cooling subsystem; the heating element level liquid cooling subsystem comprises a two-phase cooling medium storage unit, a fluid conveying unit and a mixed-phase cold plate which are sequentially communicated, wherein the mixed-phase cold plate is communicated to the two-phase cooling medium storage unit through a main cooling loop and a cold accumulation loop respectively; The main cooling circuit is provided with a first cooling medium distribution unit; The cold accumulation loop is provided with a phase change module; The two-phase cooling medium is conveyed from the two-phase cooling medium storage unit to the mixed-phase cooling plate to exchange heat with a heating element in the server under the driving action of the fluid conveying unit, and a first part of the gas-liquid two-phase cooling medium output from the mixed-phase cooling plate passes through the first cooling medium distribution unit in the main cooling loop and then returns to the two-phase cooling medium storage unit; The control module is used for dynamically matching the cooling medium output in the phase change module to the two-phase cooling medium storage unit according to the dynamic heat load fluctuation of the heating element in the server so as to reduce the instantaneous thermal shock of the heating element in the server.
2. The phase change energy storage and hybrid cold plate cooling system of claim 1, further comprising a machine room level air cooling subsystem, the server being disposed in a cabinet, the machine room level air cooling subsystem being configured to provide cool air into the cabinet to accelerate cooling within the cabinet and to provide a cool air flow field to the phase change module.
3. The phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system according to claim 2, wherein the machine room-level air cooling subsystem comprises a second cooling medium distribution unit, a heat pipe evaporator and a fan module which are communicated in sequence; The second cooling medium distribution unit is used for dynamically matching the cooling medium entering the heat pipe evaporator according to dynamic heat load fluctuation of the heating element in the server, the heat pipe evaporator is used for cooling air entering the cabinet after heat exchange, and the air outlet of the fan module faces the phase change module and is used for blowing the cooled air to the phase change module so as to provide a cold air flow field for cooling the phase change module.
4. The phase-change energy storage and hybrid cold plate cooling system of claim 3, wherein the heat pipe evaporator and the fan module are disposed on a back plate of the cabinet, respectively.
5. The phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cooling plate cooling system according to claim 1, wherein a first control valve is arranged between the fluid conveying unit and the mixed-phase cooling plate, a second control valve is arranged between the mixed-phase cooling plate and the first cooling medium distribution unit, a third control valve is arranged between the mixed-phase cooling plate and the phase-change module, and a fourth control valve is arranged between the phase-change module and the two-phase cooling medium storage unit.
6. The phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system according to claim 2, wherein the phase-change module comprises a plurality of phase-change plates, an air flow channel for air to enter and exit is formed between every two adjacent phase-change plates, a cooling medium pipeline is penetrated in each phase-change plate, one end of the cooling medium pipeline penetrated in each phase-change plate is communicated with a cooling medium inlet pipeline, the other end of the cooling medium pipeline is communicated with a cooling medium outlet pipeline, and the phase-change module is connected into the cold storage loop through the cooling medium inlet pipeline and the cooling medium outlet pipeline respectively.
7. The phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the two-phase cooling medium storage unit is provided with a liquid level sensor, a high liquid level switch, a low liquid level switch, a safety valve, a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor, a one-way check valve, a flowmeter, a second temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor are sequentially arranged between the fluid conveying unit and the mixed-phase cold plate, and a third temperature sensor and a third pressure sensor are respectively arranged on an inlet and outlet pipeline of the mixed-phase cold plate.
8. The phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mixed-phase cold plate comprises a bottom plate, a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a cover body, a micro-groove channel and a liquid storage chamber, the cover body is covered on the bottom plate to enclose and form the liquid storage chamber for containing the cooling medium, the micro-groove channel is formed in the liquid storage chamber, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively formed in the liquid storage chamber, the bottom plate is used for being attached to the heating element, and a fourth temperature sensor for detecting the heating temperature of the heating element is further arranged on the bottom plate.
9. A server cooling control method, applied to the phase change energy storage and hybrid cold plate cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: detecting dynamic heat load fluctuation of a heating element in the server; and dynamically matching the cooling medium output in the phase change module to the two-phase cooling medium storage unit according to the dynamic heat load fluctuation of the heating element in the server so as to reduce the instantaneous thermal shock of the heating element in the server.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system further comprises a machine room-level air cooling subsystem, wherein the server is arranged in a cabinet, the machine room-level air cooling subsystem is used for providing cold air into the cabinet to accelerate cooling in the cabinet and providing a cold air flow field for the phase-change module, the machine room-level air cooling subsystem comprises a second cooling medium distribution unit, a heat pipe evaporator and a fan module which are communicated in sequence, the heat pipe evaporator is used for cooling air after heat exchange in the cabinet, an air outlet of the fan module faces the phase-change module and is used for blowing the cooled air to the phase-change module to provide the cold air flow field for cooling the phase-change module; The method further comprises the steps of: And through the second cooling medium distribution unit, the cooling medium entering the heat pipe evaporator is dynamically matched according to dynamic heat load fluctuation of the heating element in the server.

Description

Phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system and server cooling control method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of cooling systems and cooling methods, and particularly relates to a phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system and a server cooling control method. Background Currently, liquid-cooled heat dissipation has become a dominant technology in the field of thermal management of servers (e.g., multi-core servers, many-core servers). The traditional liquid cooling scheme generally adopts a single-phase cooling medium, and by virtue of the heat conducting property, the heat generated by a heating element (such as a chip) in a server is quickly absorbed and taken away by forced convection generated by high-speed flow, so that the device is immediately cooled. With the evolution of integrated circuit technology, multi-core and many-core central processing units have become core paths for improving the power density of servers. To meet the need for extreme performance, multiple such high performance power consuming elements are often integrated within a single server node (e.g., multiple processor chips are integrated to form a multi-chip system). However, such architecture brings about a significant leap in computing power, and also causes unprecedented heat dissipation challenges, namely, the multi-core/many-core central processing unit itself has extremely high heat flux density, and when a plurality of heating elements with high power consumption are arranged on the same server in a high density manner, not only heat of each heating element is superimposed, but also serious local hot spots and thermal interference are formed due to thermal coupling effect among the heating elements. Therefore, with the continuous increase of power of heating elements such as chips in servers, the disadvantage of single-phase liquid cooling technology is increasingly highlighted. The heat exchange capability of the liquid cooling flow channel is difficult to meet the continuously rising heat dissipation requirement only by means of forced convection heat transfer, meanwhile, a liquid supply system with high flow and high pressure is often required for realizing effective cooling, the complexity of the structural design of equipment is obviously increased, and in addition, the reasonable arrangement of the liquid cooling flow channel faces serious challenges in the scenes of small heat source size and complex layout. In addition, conventional single-phase cooling relies solely on the sensible heat of the fluid, and its heat transfer capacity is severely dependent on the thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, flow rate, and flow channel structure of the fluid. Once the working fluid and the base flow channels are determined, the space for improving the heat transfer performance is very limited. And in order to improve the heat transfer coefficient and further improve the flow rate of the whole loop, the pumping power consumption is drastically increased. The entire thermal management system of the data center is relatively large and has a large heat capacity. Under the actual operation scene of a data center, when a server encounters high-load service switching or sudden operation requests, the load and the heat flux density of a heating element often accompany severe high-frequency fluctuation, a traditional cold plate cooling system is huge in size and has larger thermal inertia, the continuous dynamic heat dissipation requirement is difficult to deal with in practice, a cold quantity regulation mechanism of a cold conducting plate cannot respond to the change of the load of the heating element quickly, and the technical problems that response delay is difficult to match with the load change of the heating element synchronously and the temperature of an outlet of the cold plate is quickly overshot in a short time exist. Therefore, the existing cold plate cooling system has the technical defect that the cold quantity regulating mechanism cannot quickly respond to the load change of the heating element, and is difficult to synchronously match with the load change of the heating element. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the invention provides a novel phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system, and aims to solve the technical problems that an existing cold plate cooling system cold quantity regulating mechanism cannot quickly respond to the load change of a heating element and is difficult to synchronously match with the load change of the heating element. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a phase-change energy storage and mixed-phase cold plate cooling system, which comprises a control module and a heating element level liquid cooling subsystem; the heating element level liquid cooling subsystem comprises a two-phase cooling medium storage unit, a fluid conveying unit and a