CN-121996872-A - Geological logging method for surrounding rock structural surface of underground cavern

CN121996872ACN 121996872 ACN121996872 ACN 121996872ACN-121996872-A

Abstract

The invention mainly relates to the technical field of underground engineering, and in order to efficiently and conveniently carry out geological recording under the non-contact condition, the invention provides a geological recording method for surrounding rock structural surfaces of an underground cavity, which comprises the following core steps: selecting a safe measuring station in the tunnel, remotely measuring spatial position parameters of a plurality of characteristic points on the surrounding rock structural surface in a non-contact mode, combining the on-site measured calibration coordinates of the central point of the bottom plate of the current pile number, automatically calculating the accurate three-dimensional coordinates of the characteristic points of the structural surface and the geological production of the characteristic points, and accurately projecting the three-dimensional information to a two-dimensional unfolded geological catalog graph, thereby realizing efficient, safe and accurate geological catalog of the surrounding rock of the underground cavern.

Inventors

FENG BIAO
YAO PENGCHENG
WANG YUCHUAN
ZHANG QINGYU
CHEN ZIHAI
FENG XIAO
WANG JINKUN

Assignees

中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260121

Claims (10)

1. A method for geological logging of a surrounding rock structural surface of an underground cavern, the method comprising: S1, selecting a measuring station in a tunnel, and measuring coordinates of a central point of a bottom plate of a cavity corresponding to a front pile number as a calibration point; S2, taking a measuring station as a reference, and acquiring spatial position parameters of a plurality of non-collinear characteristic points on a target surrounding rock structural surface relative to the measuring station; step S3, calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each feature point based on the spatial position parameters of the feature points; S4, calculating the structural surface attitude information according to the acquired feature point coordinates; And S5, based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the feature points and the cross-section size parameters of the cavern, projecting the three-dimensional surrounding rock structural surface shape to a two-dimensional unfolded plane catalogue card, and carrying out visual geological catalogue by combining the calculated actual trend and inclination angle of the structural surface.
2. The geological logging method of the surrounding rock structural surface of the underground cavern according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, a RTK positioning system is adopted to obtain the station measurement coordinates.
3. The geological logging method of the surrounding rock structure surface of the underground cavern according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, at least 3 spatial position parameters of non-collinear characteristic points are obtained.
4. A method for geological logging of a surrounding rock structure surface of an underground cavern according to claim 3, wherein the spatial location parameters in step S2 include azimuth, pitch and pitch angles of the feature points relative to the measuring station.
5. The geological logging method of surrounding rock structural surface of underground cavern according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional coordinates of the feature points in step S3 The method comprises the following steps: ; Wherein, the In order to measure the coordinates of the site, In order to calibrate the coordinates of the points, For the horizontal distance between the feature point and the survey site, , For the vertical distance of the feature point from the survey site, , Is used as a pitch angle of the light beam, Is a horizontal angle, and is provided with a plurality of grooves, The center height difference of the base plate of the station and the corresponding pile number is measured.
6. The geological logging method of the surrounding rock structure surface of the underground cavern according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises the following steps: step S41, fitting an optimal plane by adopting a least square method according to the characteristic points; Step S42, calculating the relative tendency and the inclination angle of the structural surface according to the normal direction of the optimal plane; and S43, converting the relative inclination angle into an actual trend based on the hole direction according to the hole direction of the tunnel, and calculating the actual trend according to the actual trend.
7. The method for geological logging of an underground cavern surrounding rock structural surface according to claim 6, wherein said step S42 comprises: Fitting each structural surface characteristic point based on a least square method, taking a plane when the sum of squares of vertical distances from all the characteristic points to a to-be-fitted plane reaches the minimum as a best-fit plane, determining a normal vector of the best-fit plane, and calculating relative position tendency and inclination angles of the structural surface according to the normal vector of the best-fit plane.
8. The method for geological logging of a surrounding rock structure surface of an underground cavern according to claim 7, wherein the actual trends are as follows: Wherein For relative trend, the actual trend is 。
9. The geological logging method of the surrounding rock structure surface of the underground cavern according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 comprises: s51, according to the size of the cavity, taking the cavity direction as the center, and acquiring the unfolding projection of the cavity; step S52, judging the position of the characteristic point according to the projection of the characteristic point, if Characteristic points at the time On a vertical wall surface if Characteristic points at the time Is positioned on the top arch, wherein, Is the characteristic point The coordinate on the Y axis, D is the width of the cavity; step S53, if the feature points are located on the top arch, calculating corresponding arc lengths according to the feature point coordinates 。
10. The geological logging method of the surrounding rock structural surface of the underground cavern according to claim 9, wherein the arc length in the step S53 is calculated by the following method: , , wherein, Is a round angle, the round angle is formed by a round angle, In order to be the radius of the arching line, Is the central angle of the arch line, Z is vertical to the height of the wall surface, Is the characteristic point Coordinates in the z-axis.

Description

Geological logging method for surrounding rock structural surface of underground cavern Technical Field The invention mainly relates to the technical field of underground engineering, in particular to a geological recording method for surrounding rock structural surfaces of underground caverns. Background The rock mass structural surface is a discontinuous surface with certain geometric form and mechanical property, including faults, joints, layers, cracks and the like, which is formed under the actions of structural stress, engineering disturbance and the like. The mechanical property and deformation damage mode of the surrounding rock are directly determined by the structural surface property of the rock mass, and the stability of the surrounding rock of the cavity is affected. Therefore, the method for accurately recording the surrounding rock structural surface information is a key for acquiring first hand data of engineering geology, and has important reference values for underground cavity excavation support, hydraulic tunnel design optimization, hidden engineering construction safety and quality acceptance. In actual work, the surrounding rock structural surface is still mainly relying on-site manual measurement, a plurality of geological engineers are required to work separately, and a compass and tape tool is used for closely recording the surrounding rock structural surface to carry out a large amount of data measurement and recording, so that time and labor are wasted, and geological recording work is difficult to develop when the tunnel span is large, the safety risk is high or a designated position is reached during construction operation. In recent years, technologies such as three-dimensional Lidar scanning modeling and point cloud interpretation, photo intelligent recognition structural surface algorithm based on training machine learning models and the like are more, but the technologies are limited by tunnel environments such as large explosion slag dust, turbid tail gas of mechanical equipment, surrounding rock spraying and mixing support and unclear visual field, and the technology is difficult to realize complete structural surface recognition and interpretation on large-area surrounding rocks, and has long modeling period, easy occurrence of data omission and low efficiency. Therefore, there is a need to integrate an efficient, convenient and reliable geological logging method, which can accurately collect structural surface data without directly contacting surrounding rock conditions and a geological engineer in a safe position in a tunnel. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a geological recording method for surrounding rock structural surfaces of underground caverns, which aims to efficiently and conveniently carry out geological recording under the condition of no contact. The invention solves the technical problems by adopting the technical scheme that: A method of geological logging of an underground cavern surrounding rock structural surface, the method comprising: S1, selecting a measuring station in a tunnel, and measuring coordinates of a central point of a bottom plate of a cavity corresponding to a front pile number as a calibration point; S2, taking a measuring station as a reference, and acquiring spatial position parameters of a plurality of non-collinear characteristic points on a target surrounding rock structural surface relative to the measuring station; step S3, calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of each feature point based on the spatial position parameters of the feature points; S4, calculating the structural surface attitude information according to the acquired feature point coordinates; And S5, based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the characteristic points and the cross-section size parameters of the cavern, projecting the three-dimensional surrounding rock structural surface shape to a two-dimensional unfolded plane catalogue card, and combining the calculated actual trend and inclination angle of the structural surface to perform visual geological catalogue. Further, in step S1, the station coordinates are obtained by using an RTK positioning system. Further, in step S2, at least 3 spatial location parameters of the non-collinear feature points are obtained. Further, the spatial position parameters in step S2 include azimuth angle, pitch and pitch angle of the feature point relative to the measuring station. Further, in step S3, three-dimensional coordinates of the feature pointsThe method comprises the following steps: ; Wherein, the In order to measure the coordinates of the site,In order to calibrate the coordinates of the points,For the horizontal distance between the feature point and the survey site,,For the vertical distance of the feature point from the survey site,,Is used as a pitch angle of the light beam,Is a horizontal angle, and is provided with a plurality of grooves,The ce