CN-121996985-A - High-altitude cold region highway surrounding surface environment long time sequence analysis method and system

CN121996985ACN 121996985 ACN121996985 ACN 121996985ACN-121996985-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of remote sensing technology and environmental monitoring, and discloses a method and a system for analyzing the long time sequence of the surface environment around a highway in a high-altitude cold region, wherein the analysis method comprises the following steps of S1, creating a buffer zone, and acquiring multi-source remote sensing data and space-time auxiliary data; the method comprises the steps of S2, standardization processing, S3, calculation of an environment index, an surface water body shape index SI and a fractal dimension FD, GIS operation of calculated data, wherein the environment index comprises surface temperature LST, a normalized vegetation index NDVI, a temperature vegetation drought index TVDI, surface water body area SSA and surface water body quantity SSN, S4, analysis of two dimensions of time trend and space distribution based on the environment index, and S5, visual display and derivation of analysis results. The invention can precisely reveal the space-time law of environmental change and provide scientific support for highway engineering safe operation and ecological protection.

Inventors

DING ZEKUN
MU YANHU
LIU FURONG
SHI YAJUN
LI LINGJIE
ZHANG LIJIE
YANG XIANG

Assignees

中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260402

Claims (10)

1. The method for analyzing the long time sequence of the surface environment around the highway in the high-altitude cold region is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step S1, creating a buffer zone, and acquiring multi-source remote sensing data and space-time auxiliary data, wherein the multi-source remote sensing data comprises surface water body data, surface temperature data and vegetation index data, and the space-time auxiliary data comprises topographic data and highway basic data; Step S2, carrying out standardization processing on the data acquired in the step S1; Step S3, calculating an environment index, an surface water body shape index SI and a fractal dimension FD based on the multisource data preprocessed in the step S2, and performing GIS operation to obtain annual characteristics of environmental factors of a research area, wherein the environment index comprises surface temperature LST, normalized vegetation index NDVI, temperature vegetation drought index TVDI, surface water body area SSA and surface water body quantity SSN; Step S4, analyzing from two dimensions of time trend and space distribution based on the environmental indexes obtained in the step S3, wherein the time trend analysis comprises trend slope and time variability of each environmental index, and the space distribution analysis comprises buffer area analysis, regional grading analysis and topography association analysis; And S5, visually displaying and exporting the analysis result in the step S4.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the surface water body data is JRC Monthly Water History data sets, the surface temperature data and the vegetation index data are MODIS series data sets, and the topography data are SRTM digital elevation model data.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the normalization process includes radiation calibration and atmospheric correction, spatial registration and resampling, data clipping and stitching, time series normalization, and accuracy optimization.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the GIS operation includes classification, calculation of geometry, and calculation of fields.
5. The method for analyzing the long time sequence of the surface environment around the highway in the high-altitude cold area according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the method for extracting the surface temperature LST is that after the LST is extracted from the normalized MODIS series data set, elevation correction is performed according to the topographic data.
6. The method for analyzing the long time sequence of the surface environment around the highway in the high-altitude cold area according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the extraction method of the normalized vegetation index NDVI is as follows: Extracting NDVI wave band from the pretreated MODIS series data set, calculating normalized vegetation index NDVI according to the extracted NDVI wave band, ; Wherein, the For the reflectivity of the near-infrared band, For the red light wave band reflectivity, the value range of the normalized vegetation index NDVI is-1.
7. The method for analyzing the long time sequence of the surface environment around the highway in the high-altitude cold area according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the method for extracting the temperature vegetation drought index TVDI is as follows: Firstly, constructing an NDVI-LST feature space, and calculating a dry boundary Calculating wet boundaries , wherein, At the time of the maximum LST of the light beam, For the minimum LST, a and b are wet boundary coefficients, c and d are dry boundary coefficients, and then the temperature vegetation drought index TVDI is calculated: the TVDI value range is 0-1.
8. The method for analyzing the surface environment around the highway in the high-altitude cold region according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the surface water area SSA and the surface water quantity SSN are extracted by firstly extracting water from JRC Monthly Water History data and vectorizing the extracted water raster data; The calculation formula of the surface water body shape index SI is as follows: The fractal dimension FD is calculated as: wherein P is the circumference of the water body, and A is the water body area.
9. The method for long-time analysis of the surrounding surface environment of a highway in a high-altitude cold area according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the trend slope is as follows The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: time variability The calculation formula of (2) is as follows: Wherein For the purpose of the year, In order to be able to average the year, In order to make a statistics of the year, Is the first of the environmental indexes Year of life The number of picture elements, Is that Time series average of pixels.
10. An analysis system for realizing the method for analyzing the long time sequence of the surface environment around the highway in the high-altitude cold region according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a preprocessing module, an environment index calculation module, a space-time analysis module and a result visualization and output module, wherein the data acquisition module executes step S1, the preprocessing module executes step S2, the environment index calculation module executes step S3, the space-time analysis module executes step S4, and the result visualization and output module executes step S5.

Description

High-altitude cold region highway surrounding surface environment long time sequence analysis method and system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of remote sensing technology and environmental monitoring, in particular to a method and a system for analyzing the long time sequence of the surface environment around a highway in a high-altitude cold region. Background Highways in high altitude cold areas serve as an important linear infrastructure, and long-term stable operation is susceptible to changes in the surrounding surface environment. At present, researches on the surrounding environment of highways in high-altitude cold areas are mostly dependent on field investigation, local ground temperature monitoring or short-term remote sensing data, the method has the defects that firstly, the research range is limited, the method focuses on highways in the abdomen of the high-altitude cold areas, the coverage of highways with harsher natural conditions is insufficient, secondly, the data dimension is single, most of the researches are only aimed at a certain environmental element (such as frozen soil deformation and vegetation coverage), multi-dimensional collaborative analysis of surface water, surface temperature, vegetation indexes and drought indexes is lacked, thirdly, the time sequence is short, long-term (such as more than 20 years) environmental change trend is difficult to capture, data continuity and consistency are difficult to guarantee, fourthly, the analysis method is lacked systematicness, and the prior art does not form a complete flow of data acquisition, pretreatment, index calculation, space-time analysis and result output, and accurate operation and maintenance decision of highway engineering cannot be efficiently supported. Remote sensing technology has become an important means for monitoring the environment of high-altitude cold areas by virtue of the large-scale, long-time sequence and multidimensional data acquisition capability. However, the existing remote sensing application stays on the single data processing or simple index calculation level, lacks an integrated analysis method specially aiming at the highway scene in the high-altitude cold region, and cannot meet the requirements of long-time sequence and multi-element collaborative analysis of the surrounding environment of the highway. Therefore, the design of the high-altitude cold region highway surrounding surface environment long time sequence analysis method based on the multi-source remote sensing data has important practical significance and application value. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims at solving the technical defects of single data dimension, no system of analysis flow and insufficient long time sequence monitoring capability in the prior art, and provides a long time sequence analysis method for the surface environment around a highway in a high-altitude cold region based on a remote sensing technology. The invention further aims to provide an analysis system for realizing the high-altitude cold region highway surrounding surface environment long time sequence analysis method. The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a high altitude cold region highway surrounding surface environment long time sequence analysis method comprises the following steps: step S1, creating a buffer zone, and acquiring multi-source remote sensing data and space-time auxiliary data, wherein the multi-source remote sensing data comprises surface water body data, surface temperature data and vegetation index data, and the space-time auxiliary data comprises topographic data and highway basic data; Step S2, carrying out standardization processing on the data acquired in the step S1; step S3, calculating an environment index, an surface water body shape index SI and a fractal dimension FD based on the multisource data preprocessed in the step S2, and performing GIS operation to obtain annual features of environmental factors of a research area, wherein the environment index comprises surface temperature LST, normalized vegetation index NDVI, temperature vegetation drought index TVDI, surface water body area SSA and surface water body quantity SSN; Step S4, analyzing from two dimensions of time trend and space distribution based on the environmental indexes obtained in the step S3, wherein the time trend analysis comprises trend slope and time variability of each environmental index, and the space distribution analysis comprises buffer area analysis, regional grading analysis and topography association analysis; And S5, visually displaying and exporting the analysis result in the step S4. In the above technical solution, in the step S1, the surface water body data adopts JRC Monthly Water History data sets, the surface temperature data and the vegetation index data adopt MODIS series data sets, and the topography data adopts SRTM digital elevation model data.