CN-121997135-A - Summer corn transpiration intelligent measuring and calculating method and system based on silicon accumulation data

CN121997135ACN 121997135 ACN121997135 ACN 121997135ACN-121997135-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural water management, in particular to an intelligent measuring and calculating method and system for the transpiration quantity of summer corns based on silicon accumulation data. According to the invention, through constructing a physical layering mapping logic analysis canopy vertical direction silicon element distribution characteristic, carrying out double calibration on a remote sensing inversion result by combining laboratory chemical analysis data, defining a physiological stable interval by using a statistical method, removing abnormal environmental noise, constructing a variable step length iteration solving mechanism based on accumulated gradient, adaptively adjusting operation precision according to metabolism activity degree, realizing fine analysis on water transmission processes under different physiological states, eliminating accumulated errors caused by environmental fluctuation and spatial heterogeneity, and ensuring that a summer corn whole plant water consumption rate prediction result can truly reflect actual water consumption demands of crops.

Inventors

DANG HONGKAI
LI XIAOSHUANG
ZHENG YUDONG
ZHENG CHUNLIAN
LIU DAN
CAO CAIYUN
LI KEJIANG
LIU XUETONG
LI WEI
WANG GUANGCAI

Assignees

河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260126

Claims (10)

1. The intelligent measuring and calculating method for the summer corn transpiration based on the silicon accumulation data is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, collecting a spectrum image of a summer corn canopy, dividing the summer corn canopy into an upper region, a middle region and a lower region, and synchronously collecting environmental parameters in a monitoring region to generate a multi-source monitoring data set; S2, respectively calculating reflectivity of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the summer corn canopy according to the multi-source monitoring data set, determining silicon accumulation amounts of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the summer corn canopy, and generating a summer corn whole plant multi-dimensional calibration silicon accumulation amount; s3, defining a summer corn silicon physiological stable interval, extracting environmental parameters in a monitoring area from the multi-source monitoring data set, screening each environmental parameter corresponding to the moment that the accumulation amount of the multi-dimensional calibration silicon of the whole plant of the summer corn falls into the summer corn silicon physiological stable interval, and generating a steady-state environmental parameter set; S4, acquiring a global range of variation of silicon accumulation in a summer corn growth period, dividing a summer corn silicon accumulation gradient interval, and constructing a silicon accumulation gradient step length mapping table according to the interval; S5, referring to the steady-state environment parameter set, performing inversion calculation on the transpiration quantity at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the summer corn canopy, matching with the silicon accumulation gradient step length mapping table, and predicting the future water consumption rate of the summer corn to obtain a total transpiration quantity measuring result.
2. The intelligent measurement and calculation method for the summer corn transpiration based on the silicon accumulation data according to claim 1, wherein the multi-source monitoring dataset comprises a summer corn canopy upper spectral image, a summer corn canopy middle spectral image, a summer corn canopy lower spectral image, a monitoring area air temperature, a monitoring area air humidity, a monitoring area wind speed and a monitoring area illumination intensity, the summer corn whole plant multi-dimensional calibration silicon accumulation comprises a summer corn canopy upper silicon accumulation after calibration based on comparison deviation, a summer corn canopy middle silicon accumulation and a summer corn canopy lower silicon accumulation, the steady-state environment parameter set comprises a monitoring area air temperature, a monitoring area air humidity, a monitoring area wind speed and a monitoring area illumination intensity corresponding to the time when the screened numerical values fall into the summer corn silicon physiological stability area, the silicon accumulation gradient step size mapping table is specifically mapping relation data between a summer corn silicon accumulation area and a summer corn transpiration step size solution within a summer corn fertility period, and the total calculation result comprises a summer corn canopy upper, a summer corn and middle transpiration sum and a total predicted future corn water consumption rate.
3. The intelligent measuring and calculating method for the transpiration amount of summer corns based on the silicon accumulation data as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step S1 is specifically: S101, controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with remote sensing equipment to collect a summer maize canopy upper spectral image of a vertical visual angle at the top of the canopy, and controlling a ground mobile robot provided with a sensor lens to collect a summer maize canopy middle spectral image and a summer maize canopy lower spectral image, respectively analyzing spatial position information of the summer maize canopy upper spectral image, the summer maize canopy middle spectral image and the summer maize canopy lower spectral image, mapping the spatial position information to a corresponding physical layering region, and generating a layering spectral image; s102, synchronously acquiring environmental parameters in a monitoring area, including air temperature, air humidity, wind speed and illumination intensity values, checking a time stamp acquired by each value, and generating synchronous environmental monitoring parameters; and S103, performing association matching by taking a time stamp of data acquisition as a reference index, mapping the matched synchronous environment monitoring parameters into corresponding image items in the layered spectrum image respectively, and eliminating redundant data with unaligned time stamps to obtain a multi-source monitoring data set.
4. The intelligent measuring and calculating method for the transpiration amount of summer corns based on the silicon accumulation data according to claim 3, wherein the step S2 is specifically: S201, extracting the layered spectrum image from the multi-source monitoring data set, extracting gray values of the layered spectrum image, executing spectrum radiometric calibration operation by referring to standard whiteboard data, respectively determining red wave band reflection intensity values and near infrared wave band reflection intensity values, and generating regional characteristic wave band reflectivity; s202, combining the regional characteristic wave band reflectivity, the summer corn leaf area and the summer corn plant height which are measured in advance, and performing standardization treatment, and respectively calculating silicon element precipitation values of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the summer corn canopy to be used as regional estimated silicon accumulation; s203, collecting a plurality of summer corn solid leaf samples in a growing state, testing and obtaining a silicon content actual measurement value, calculating a numerical deviation between the area estimated silicon accumulation amount and the silicon content actual measurement value, and carrying out weighted correction on the area estimated silicon accumulation amount by utilizing the numerical deviation to obtain the summer corn whole plant multidimensional calibration silicon accumulation amount.
5. The intelligent measuring and calculating method for the transpiration amount of summer corns based on the silicon accumulation data according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 is specifically: S301, acquiring a group of summer corn leaf silicon accumulation amount samples under a continuous time sequence, calculating an arithmetic average value and a standard deviation of the summer corn leaf silicon accumulation amount samples, and defining upper and lower boundaries of numerical distribution of the summer corn leaf silicon accumulation amount sample data to generate a summer corn silicon physiological stable interval; s302, traversing time indexes in the multi-source monitoring data set, extracting environment parameters of a monitoring area matched with the calculation time of the multi-dimensional calibration silicon accumulation amount of the whole plant of the summer corn, establishing a mapping sequence of the multi-dimensional calibration silicon accumulation amount of the whole plant of the summer corn and each environment parameter in the monitoring area in a time dimension, and generating environment parameters corresponding to time sequences; s303, screening each environmental parameter corresponding to the moment when the summer corn full-plant multidimensional calibration silicon accumulation amount falls into the summer corn silicon physiological stable interval, judging whether the summer corn full-plant multidimensional calibration silicon accumulation amount at each moment is located in the numerical range of the summer corn silicon physiological stable interval, reserving the time sequence corresponding environmental parameters corresponding to the moment meeting the judging conditions, and generating a steady-state environmental parameter set.
6. The intelligent measuring and calculating method for the transpiration amount of summer corns based on the silicon accumulation data as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step S4 is specifically: S401, acquiring a variation global range of silicon accumulation amount in a summer corn growth period, dividing a summer corn silicon accumulation gradient interval, counting the maximum value and the minimum value of the summer corn leaf silicon accumulation amount in the summer corn growth period, calculating the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value to obtain the variation global range, and cutting the variation global range into a plurality of continuous numerical segments which are not overlapped with each other according to an equidistant or nonlinear rule to generate the summer corn silicon accumulation gradient interval; S402, setting corresponding numerical solution step sizes according to the metabolic activity degree of silicon elements in corresponding accumulation phases for each summer corn silicon accumulation gradient interval, and establishing a key value pair relation between an interval index of the summer corn silicon accumulation gradient interval and the numerical solution step sizes as gradient interval solution step sizes; s403, taking the divided summer corn silicon accumulation gradient interval as a search key, taking the gradient interval solving step length as a corresponding value, and storing the associated entries of all the summer corn silicon accumulation gradient intervals and the gradient interval solving step length to obtain a silicon accumulation gradient step length mapping table.
7. The intelligent measuring and calculating method for the transpiration amount of summer corns based on the silicon accumulation data according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 is specifically: S501, calling environment parameters of a monitoring area in the steady-state environment parameter set, iteratively calculating theoretical silicon accumulation amount of each level of a summer corn canopy based on a coupling relation between moisture flow and silicon transfer, calculating a difference value between the theoretical silicon accumulation amount and the multi-dimensional calibration silicon accumulation amount of the whole plant of the summer corn, searching the silicon accumulation gradient step length mapping table according to the summer corn silicon accumulation gradient interval where the difference value is located, obtaining a solution step length of the gradient interval, and adjusting a transpiration estimated value to obtain a transpiration inversion value of each level; S502, reading the transpiration values of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the corresponding summer corn canopy in the transpiration inversion value of each level, performing summation operation to summarize the total moisture volatilization amount of the whole plant, and taking the total moisture volatilization amount as a key index for representing the current moisture metabolism intensity of the plant to generate the total transpiration of the summer corn; S503, importing the total transpiration amount of the summer corns, the multi-dimensional calibrated silicon accumulation amount of the whole plant of the summer corns, the area of the summer corns and the steady-state environment parameter set into a multiple regression analysis model, fitting a functional relation among the total transpiration amount of the summer corns, the multi-dimensional calibrated silicon accumulation amount of the whole plant of the summer corns, the area of the summer corns, the steady-state environment parameter set and the water consumption rate, and deducing the water consumption value of the next time step to generate a total transpiration amount calculation result.
8. The intelligent measuring and calculating method for the transpiration amount of summer corns based on the silicon accumulation data according to claim 5, wherein the process of defining the upper and lower boundaries of the numerical distribution of the sample data of the silicon accumulation amount of the summer corns leaves is specifically as follows: Presetting a confidence coefficient as a quantization reference for measuring fluctuation tolerance of physiological data; calculating the product of standard deviation of a summer corn leaf silicon accumulation sample and a confidence coefficient, and defining the product as a single-side discrete amplitude value which represents allowable off-center trend in a normal physiological state; Calculating the sum of an arithmetic average value and a single-side discrete amplitude value of a summer corn leaf silicon accumulation amount sample, determining a calculation result as a numerical upper limit of a summer corn silicon physiological stable interval, and defining a critical point of the silicon accumulation amount in forward fluctuation; Calculating the difference value between the arithmetic average value and the unilateral discrete amplitude, determining the calculation result as the numerical lower limit of the physiological stable interval of the summer corn silicon, and defining the critical point of the silicon accumulation amount in negative fluctuation; Constructing a closed numerical range taking a numerical lower limit as a starting boundary and taking a numerical upper limit as a finishing boundary, and marking the closed numerical range as a summer corn silicon physiological stable region.
9. The intelligent measuring and calculating method for summer corn transpiration based on silicon accumulation data according to claim 6, wherein the process of setting corresponding numerical solving step length according to the metabolic activity of silicon element in the corresponding accumulation phase is specifically as follows: Calculating the silicon accumulation amount change slope in each summer corn silicon accumulation gradient interval, and taking the absolute value of the silicon accumulation amount change slope as an evaluation index for representing the metabolic activity degree; Presetting a basic step size value and a slope threshold value; Comparing the evaluation index with a slope threshold; When the evaluation index is larger than the slope threshold, selecting a preset first adjustment coefficient with a value smaller than one, performing multiplication operation of a basic step size value and the preset first adjustment coefficient, and determining an operation result as a value solving step size; When the evaluation index is smaller than or equal to the slope threshold, a preset second adjustment coefficient with a value larger than one is selected, multiplication operation of the basic step size value and the preset second adjustment coefficient is executed, and an operation result is determined to be a numerical value solving step size.
10. An intelligent measurement and calculation system for the transpiration amount of summer corns based on silicon accumulation data, characterized in that the intelligent measurement and calculation method for the transpiration amount of summer corns based on the silicon accumulation data is executed according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the system comprises: The multi-source data acquisition module acquires a spectrum image of the summer corn canopy, divides the summer corn canopy into an upper region, a middle region and a lower region, synchronously acquires environmental parameters in a monitoring region, and generates a multi-source monitoring data set; the silicon accumulation inversion module is used for respectively calculating the reflectivity of the characteristic wave bands of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the summer corn canopy according to the multi-source monitoring data set, determining the silicon accumulation amount of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the summer corn canopy, and generating the multi-dimensional calibration silicon accumulation amount of the whole plant of the summer corn; the steady-state parameter screening module is used for defining a summer corn silicon physiological stable interval, extracting environmental parameters in a monitoring area from the multi-source monitoring data set, screening each environmental parameter corresponding to the moment that the accumulation amount of the multi-dimensional calibration silicon of the whole plant of the summer corn falls into the summer corn silicon physiological stable interval, and generating a steady-state environmental parameter set; The silicon gradient mapping module is used for obtaining the variation global range of the silicon accumulation amount in the growth period of summer corns, dividing the silicon accumulation gradient interval of the summer corns and constructing a silicon accumulation gradient step length mapping table according to the interval; And the transpiration quantity prediction module performs inversion calculation on the transpiration quantity at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the summer corn canopy by referring to the steady-state environment parameter set, and is matched with the silicon accumulation gradient step length mapping table to predict the future water consumption rate of the summer corn so as to obtain a total transpiration quantity calculation result.

Description

Summer corn transpiration intelligent measuring and calculating method and system based on silicon accumulation data Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural water management, in particular to an intelligent measuring and calculating method and system for the transpiration quantity of summer corns based on silicon accumulation data. Background The technical field of agricultural water management refers to a related technical set developed around water resource acquisition, distribution, utilization and regulation in the agricultural production process, and comprises the establishment and execution of a field water state monitoring irrigation system for analyzing a crop water demand rule, quantitative calculation of crop water consumption and the like. The intelligent measuring and calculating method of the summer corn transpiration quantity is characterized in that plant growth indexes and environmental data are collected based on crop growth period division, and the accumulation quantity of silicon elements in a plant body is combined to serve as physiological characteristic parameters, and the quantitative description of the crop water consumption process is completed by recording the silicon content change condition of leaves in different growth stages, combining weather data such as air temperature, sunlight speed, air humidity and the like, and morphological indexes such as plant height, leaf area index and the like, and calculating and estimating the transpiration quantity in unit time of the summer corn. The prior art simply relies on recording the change of the silicon content of the leaf and carries out estimation by combining with conventional meteorological data, ignores the spatial difference of silicon element accumulation in the vertical direction of the crop canopy, is difficult to accurately represent the actual physiological activities of different parts of plants only by single or average indexes, directly utilizes the non-screened fluctuation environment data to participate in calculation, is easy to introduce noise interference under unsteady state, ignores the dynamic change of metabolic intensity in different accumulation stages, causes the calculation process to lack an adaptive adjustment mechanism aiming at physiological states, and causes the final quantitative description result of water consumption to have obvious deviation with the actual physiological process. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides an intelligent measuring and calculating method and system for the summer corn transpiration based on silicon accumulation data. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the intelligent measuring and calculating method for the summer corn transpiration based on the silicon accumulation data comprises the following steps: S1, collecting a spectrum image of a summer corn canopy, dividing the summer corn canopy into an upper region, a middle region and a lower region, and synchronously collecting environmental parameters in a monitoring region to generate a multi-source monitoring data set; S2, respectively calculating reflectivity of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the summer corn canopy according to the multi-source monitoring data set, determining silicon accumulation amounts of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the summer corn canopy, and generating a summer corn whole plant multi-dimensional calibration silicon accumulation amount; s3, defining a summer corn silicon physiological stable interval, extracting environmental parameters in a monitoring area from the multi-source monitoring data set, screening each environmental parameter corresponding to the moment that the accumulation amount of the multi-dimensional calibration silicon of the whole plant of the summer corn falls into the summer corn silicon physiological stable interval, and generating a steady-state environmental parameter set; S4, acquiring a global range of variation of silicon accumulation in a summer corn growth period, dividing a summer corn silicon accumulation gradient interval, and constructing a silicon accumulation gradient step length mapping table according to the interval; S5, referring to the steady-state environment parameter set, performing inversion calculation on the transpiration quantity at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the summer corn canopy, matching with the silicon accumulation gradient step length mapping table, and predicting the future water consumption rate of the summer corn to obtain a total transpiration quantity measuring result. The multi-source monitoring data set comprises a summer corn canopy upper spectral image, a summer corn canopy middle spectral image, a summer corn canopy lower spectral image, a monitoring area air temperature, a monitoring area air humidity, a monitoring