CN-121997505-A - Low-cost high-efficiency irregular tiling method for wireless energy-transfer transmitting array

CN121997505ACN 121997505 ACN121997505 ACN 121997505ACN-121997505-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-cost high-efficiency irregular tiling method of a wireless energy transmission array, which belongs to the technical field of antenna design and comprises the following steps of constructing a candidate matrix The aperture coverage problem of a transmitting antenna array in the microwave wireless energy transmission system is constructed as an accurate coverage problem; based on the accurate coverage problem, obtaining a first excitation coefficient of each antenna unit in a transmitting antenna array, and constructing a candidate matrix containing excitation information From candidate matrices containing excitation information And solving the calculation model with the maximized BCE as a target to obtain the antenna unit tiling scheme. According to the invention, the actual BCE approaches the theoretical limit by optimizing the splicing layout, so that the high energy transmission efficiency of the system is ensured.

Inventors

XUE CHUNHUAI
Zhang Diequn
LI XUN
DUAN BAOYAN
CHEN GUANGDA
ZHONG JIANFENG
ZHANG YIQUN

Assignees

西安电子科技大学
中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251231

Claims (6)

1. The irregular tiling method of the wireless energy transmission array with low cost and high efficiency is characterized by comprising the following steps: Construction of candidate matrices The aperture coverage problem of a transmitting antenna array in the microwave wireless energy transmission system is constructed as an accurate coverage problem; based on the accurate coverage problem, acquiring a first excitation coefficient of each antenna unit in the transmitting antenna array, and constructing a candidate matrix containing excitation information ; From the candidate matrix containing excitation information Extracting a second excitation coefficient, and constructing a calculation model of beam collection efficiency BCE according to the second excitation coefficient; And solving the calculation model with the aim of maximizing BCE to obtain an antenna unit tiling scheme.
2. The method for irregularly tiling a low-cost, high-efficiency wireless energy-transfer transmit array of claim 1, wherein a candidate matrix is constructed A step of constructing an aperture coverage problem of a transmitting antenna array in a microwave wireless energy transmission system as an accurate coverage problem, comprising: Construction of candidate matrices : In the formula, a candidate matrix Is of the dimension of , Representing the number of candidate sub-arrays, Indicating the number of antenna elements in the transmit antenna array, , ; Based on the candidate matrix The aperture coverage problem of a transmitting antenna array in a microwave wireless energy transmission system is expressed mathematically: ; in the formula, The transpose is represented by the number, Representing the identity matrix of the cell, Representing the selection vector if Represents the first The candidate subarrays are selected, if otherwise Represents the first The candidate subarrays are not selected.
3. The method for irregularly tiling a low-cost, high-efficiency wireless energy-transfer transmit array of claim 2, wherein the number of antenna elements included in each candidate subarray is as follows , Is a natural number.
4. The method for irregularly tiling a low-cost, high-efficiency wireless energy-transfer transmit array of claim 3, wherein based on said precise coverage problem, obtaining a first excitation coefficient for each antenna element in the transmit antenna array and constructing a candidate matrix containing excitation information Comprises the steps of: Feeding the candidate subarrays with the same power, and calculating to obtain the first First excitation coefficients of antenna elements in each candidate sub-array , Represent the first The number of antenna elements in the candidate subarrays; constructing a candidate matrix containing excitation information based on the first excitation coefficient : 。
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the excitation information-containing candidate matrix is selected from the group consisting of a matrix of candidates A step of extracting a second excitation coefficient, and constructing a calculation model of beam collection efficiency BCE according to the second excitation coefficient, comprising: using the selection vector From the candidate matrix containing excitation information Extracting a second excitation coefficient: ; in the vector , Represent the first A second excitation factor of the individual antenna elements; Calculating an array factor pattern of the transmitting antenna array according to the second excitation coefficient: ; in the formula, The matrix factor is represented by a number of factors, , , Representing the pitch angle of the light, Indicating the azimuth angle of the beam, In units of imaginary numbers, Represent the first The positions of the individual antenna elements; Constructing a calculation model of beam collection efficiency BCE according to the array factor pattern: ; in the formula, , , , Representing the conjugate transpose.
6. The method of irregular tiling of a low-cost, high-efficiency wireless energy-transfer transmit array of claim 5, wherein the step of solving the computational model with the goal of maximizing BCE to obtain an antenna element tiling scheme comprises: the calculation model was transformed as follows, targeting maximization of BCE: ; in the formula, , In order to calculate the theoretical upper limit value of the BCE by adopting a generalized eigenvalue algorithm, Representation of Is used to determine the minimum characteristic value of the (c), , Representing the maximum number of antenna elements in the candidate sub-array, Is a preset constant, meets the following requirements ; And solving the converted calculation model by using GUROBI solver to obtain the antenna unit tiling scheme.

Description

Low-cost high-efficiency irregular tiling method for wireless energy-transfer transmitting array Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of antenna design, and particularly relates to a low-cost high-efficiency irregular tiling method of a wireless energy transmission transmitting array. Background The microwave wireless energy transmission (Microwave Wireless Power Transfer, MWPT) technology has wide application prospect. In MWPT systems, where the transmit antenna and rectenna are the core components, system performance is typically assessed by beam collection efficiency (BeamCollectionEfficiency, BCE), and BCE is defined as the ratio of the energy radiated onto the rectenna to the total energy transmitted by the transmit antenna. Studies have shown that optimal tapering of BCE takes on a quasi-gaussian shape. In order to improve BCE, the prior art proposes methods such as edge tapering, step distribution and the like, and a clustered planar array design method based on a clustering algorithm. However, achieving such illumination profiles typically requires one power amplifier per array element, resulting in high system costs. To further reduce costs, those skilled in the art explore sub-array architectures. For the spliced array, an optimization method and an exhaustive search method are proposed to determine the optimal layout and amplitude excitation, as well as a convex optimization method based on generalized BCE. Sub-array based tiled arrays require multiple different types of power amplifiers, which complicates the manufacturing process and increases the difficulty and cost of post-maintenance. Constant amplitude array technology has evolved in which all array cells are driven by the same power amplifier operating at maximum efficiency, enabling a reduction in power amplifier type while improving power amplifier efficiency. In the fields of radar and communication, there are methods for designing a constant-amplitude spliced array by using a combination of two square spliced sub-arrays of different sizes. For MWPT applications, non-equidistant constant amplitude planar arrays have also been proposed to improve BCE. However, although the non-equidistant constant-amplitude array only needs a single type of power amplifier, the array unit is irregular in position, so that the manufacturing process is complex, the processing difficulty is high, and the mass production is difficult to realize. It can be seen that the prior art has the problems that firstly, the high BCE design requires a large number of power amplifiers of different types, which results in high cost and difficult maintenance, and secondly, the non-equidistant constant-amplitude array reduces the cost, but is difficult to manufacture and cannot be produced in large scale. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a low-cost and high-efficiency irregular tiling method for a wireless energy transmission array. The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by the following technical scheme: the invention provides a low-cost high-efficiency irregular tiling method of a wireless energy transmission array, which comprises the following steps: Construction of candidate matrices The aperture coverage problem of a transmitting antenna array in the microwave wireless energy transmission system is constructed as an accurate coverage problem; based on the accurate coverage problem, acquiring a first excitation coefficient of each antenna unit in the transmitting antenna array, and constructing a candidate matrix containing excitation information ; From the candidate matrix containing excitation informationExtracting a second excitation coefficient, and constructing a calculation model of beam collection efficiency BCE according to the second excitation coefficient; And solving the calculation model with the aim of maximizing BCE to obtain an antenna unit tiling scheme. In one embodiment of the invention, candidate matrices are constructedA step of constructing an aperture coverage problem of a transmitting antenna array in a microwave wireless energy transmission system as an accurate coverage problem, comprising: Construction of candidate matrices : In the formula, a candidate matrixIs of the dimension of,Representing the number of candidate sub-arrays,Indicating the number of antenna elements in the transmit antenna array,,; Based on the candidate matrixThe aperture coverage problem of a transmitting antenna array in a microwave wireless energy transmission system is expressed mathematically: ; in the formula, The transpose is represented by the number,Representing the identity matrix of the cell,Representing the selection vector ifRepresents the firstThe candidate subarrays are selected, if otherwiseRepresents the firstThe candidate subarrays are not selected. In one embodiment of the invention, the number of antenna elements included in each candidate