CN-121997547-A - Sum and difference beam dividing method based on conformal array antenna, storage medium and electronic equipment

CN121997547ACN 121997547 ACN121997547 ACN 121997547ACN-121997547-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a sum and difference beam dividing method based on a conformal array antenna, a storage medium and electronic equipment, comprising the following steps of establishing a coordinate system, namely establishing an array plane coordinate and an auxiliary coordinate, wherein the incoming wave direction is parallel to the X 0 axis of the auxiliary coordinate system; the method comprises the steps of converting the coordinates of an antenna unit in an array plane coordinate system into the coordinates of an auxiliary coordinate system, calculating the included angle between an incoming wave and the normal line of the antenna unit, judging whether the antenna unit is an effectively working antenna unit, obtaining a new coordinate plane after coordinate translation and a new coordinate of the effectively working antenna unit projected to the new coordinate plane, and finally extracting a sum and difference wave beam of a conformal array by properly optimizing a reference plane array half-array method. The invention ensures that all effective antenna units participate in the division of the differential beam as much as possible so as to ensure the receiving gain of the conformal array antenna, and simultaneously, the zero depth of the differential beam is fully considered and the angle measurement precision is ensured. The invention can avoid huge workload brought by a table look-up method, and has high operation efficiency and strong engineering practicability.

Inventors

WEN CAIHONG
LU YAPING
SHEN PENGFEI
WANG XIANFA
FU XIXI
CHEN XIN
GUO LINNAN
CUI LEYUAN
TANG CHAO
ZHAO QI

Assignees

中原电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十七研究所）
河南方达空间信息技术有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251223

Claims (8)

1. The conformal array antenna is composed of a cylindrical array and a spherical array arranged on the cylindrical array, a plurality of layers of antenna units are arranged on the conformal array antenna, and each layer of antenna units are uniformly arranged on a corresponding cylindrical or spherical array, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: establishing a coordinate system, namely establishing an array plane coordinate system OXYZ and an auxiliary coordinate system OX 0 Y 0 Z 0 , wherein the incoming wave direction is parallel to the axis of the auxiliary coordinate system X 0 ; B, coordinate conversion, converting the coordinates of the antenna unit in an array plane coordinate system into the coordinates of an auxiliary coordinate system; Calculating an included angle between an incoming wave and the normal line of the antenna unit; Comparing the obtained included angle between the incoming wave and the normal line of the antenna unit with a set maximum incidence angle, and judging that the antenna unit is an effectively working antenna unit when the included angle between the incoming wave and the normal line of the antenna unit is smaller than or equal to the maximum incidence angle, otherwise judging that the antenna unit is an ineffective working antenna unit; E, coordinate translation, namely obtaining a new coordinate plane OY 1 Z 1 after the translation amount Trans y0 in the Y 0 coordinate axis and the translation amount Trans z0 in the Z 0 coordinate axis, which are obtained by accumulating and calculating all the antenna units which effectively work in the conformal array according to the antenna gains, and obtaining a new coordinate of the antenna units which effectively work projected to the coordinate plane OY 1 Z 1 , and marking the new coordinate as (Y i1 ,z i1 ); And F, properly optimizing the reference plane array half-array method, and finally extracting the sum and difference beams of the conformal array.
2. The method of sum and difference beam splitting based on conformal array antenna according to claim 1, wherein in said step A, the incoming wave azimuth angle is recorded as When the pitch angle is theta, the auxiliary coordinate system OX 0 Y 0 Z 0 rotates anticlockwise by theta around the Y 0 axis and then rotates clockwise around the Z 0 axis Then, the coordinate system coincides with the array plane coordinate system ozz, and the rotation relationship indicates that the Y 0 axis of the auxiliary coordinate system is coplanar with OXY, and the Z axis of the array plane coordinate system is coplanar with OX 0 Z 0 .
3. The method for dividing sum and difference beams based on conformal array antennas according to claim 1, wherein said step B comprises the steps of: the transformation matrix of the auxiliary coordinate system OX 0 Y 0 Z 0 to the array-plane coordinate system ozz is: the array plane coordinate system OXYZ rotates anticlockwise around the Z axis Then, the coordinate system is rotated clockwise by θ around the Y axis and then coincides with the auxiliary coordinate system OX 0 Y 0 Z 0 , and the conversion matrix from the array surface coordinate system ozz to the auxiliary coordinate system OX 0 Y 0 Z 0 is as follows: let the coordinates of the antenna element i in the array plane coordinate system OXYZ be The coordinates converted to the auxiliary coordinate system OX 0 Y 0 Z 0 are:
4. The method of sum and difference beam dividing based on conformal array antenna according to claim 1, wherein said step C comprises the steps of knowing an incoming wave azimuth angle as The pitch angle is theta, and the incoming wave direction is equivalent to a vector (x, y, z) in a coordinate system OXYZ, wherein Z=sinθ, and the normal vector of the antenna element i is (x' i ,y′ i ,z′ i ), the angle Δ i between the incoming wave direction and the normal line of the antenna element i is:
5. The method for dividing sum and difference beams based on conformal array antennas according to claim 1, wherein said step E comprises the steps of: E1, projecting the antenna element i which effectively works to the OY 0 Z 0 plane, namely the coordinate in the OY 0 Z 0 plane is (y io ,z i0 ); E2, according to the angle delta i between the normal line of the antenna unit i and the incoming wave, looking up a table to obtain the antenna gain G i ; E3, accumulating the antenna gains of all the antenna units which effectively work to obtain accumulated gain G sum ; E4, multiplying each antenna coordinate value y io by the antenna gain G i and accumulating to obtain accumulated Sum Sum y*g ; E5, multiplying each antenna coordinate value z io by the antenna gain G i and accumulating to obtain accumulated Sum Sum z*g ; E6, dividing Sum y*g by G sum to obtain a translation Trans y0 in the Y 0 coordinate axis; e7, dividing Sum z*g by G sum to obtain a translation Trans z0 in the Z 0 coordinate axis; E8. translate Trans y0 along Y 0 coordinate axis and translate Trans z0 along Z 0 coordinate axis to obtain new coordinate plane OY 1 Z 1 , and then project antenna element i to coordinate plane OY 1 Z 1 with coordinates (Y i1 ,z i1 ), wherein: y i1 ＝y i0 -Trans y0 (5) Z i1 ＝z i0 -Trans z0 type (6)
6. The method for dividing sum and difference beams based on conformal array antennas according to claim 1, wherein said step F comprises the steps of: F1, determining a sum beam, wherein the units which are judged to work effectively are set as the sum beam; F2, determining a azimuth beam, namely setting a threshold thr y which is a small positive number and can be determined by combining specific antenna layout and simulation results, determining an effective working unit projected to a coordinate plane OY 1 Z 1 , wherein the antenna unit is determined to be azimuth+ when y i1 >thr y , and determining the antenna unit is determined to be azimuth-when y i1 <-thr y ; F3 determination of the elevation difference beam, a threshold thr z is set, which is a small positive number, which can be determined in connection with the specific antenna layout and simulation results, for an active operating element projected onto the coordinate plane OY 1 Z 1 , which element is determined to be elevation difference+ when z i1 >thr z , and elevation difference-when z i1 <-thr z .
7. A computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, causes a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to perform the conformal array antenna based sum and difference beam splitting method of any one of claims 1-7.
8. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory has stored thereon a program executable on the processor, and wherein the processor implements the conformal array antenna-based sum and difference beam splitting method of any of claims 1-7 when the program is executed.

Description

Sum and difference beam dividing method based on conformal array antenna, storage medium and electronic equipment Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of conformal array antennas, and in particular, to a method for dividing sum and difference beams based on a conformal array antenna, a storage medium, and an electronic device. Background Currently, a conformal array antenna is an array antenna in which radiating elements are arranged on a specified curve or curved surface. The common array antenna has the multi-target and full-airspace coverage capability, and has the advantages of not damaging aerodynamic parameters of an aircraft due to the conformal design with a carrier, and also has the advantages of resisting severe weather conditions, resisting mechanical vibration, being convenient to disguise and the like as ground equipment. Common conformal array antennas include annular arrays, circular arrays, conical arrays, cylindrical arrays, spherical arrays, and the like, which are formed by arranging radiation elements on a circumference, a circular surface, a conical surface, a cylindrical surface, or a spherical surface, respectively. The cylindrical surface array can realize wide-angle scanning in one-dimensional space, and the spherical surface array can realize scanning in hemispherical space. For phased array antennas, monopulse goniometry is a widely used technique. The single pulse angle measurement mainly comprises a sum-difference amplitude comparison method and a sum-difference phase comparison method. The sum-difference amplitude has no strict requirement on the symmetry of array element distribution, so that the method is particularly suitable for the conformal array antenna with asymmetric design. An important ring of using sum and difference amplitude mapping is to confirm sum beams, divide azimuth, azimuth-, pitch + and pitch-. The sum and difference beam division is generally performed by a half-array method for a planar array antenna, but is not directly applicable to a three-dimensional conformal array. In addition, most of traditional sum and difference direction finding is to calculate the angle discrimination value under the input of each azimuth and each pitch in advance through simulation, form an angle discrimination table and store the angle discrimination table in Flash, and query the angle discrimination table through the target azimuth and the pitch during program operation so as to obtain the incoming wave direction estimation. According to the azimuth of 0-360 degrees, the pitch of 0-90 degrees and the stepping of 0.1 degree, the data volume of the angle discrimination table to be stored is extremely large, and the workload of corresponding early-stage simulation calculation and data arrangement summarization is extremely large. By reducing the step value and thus the data volume of the angle discrimination table, the workload can be significantly reduced, but at the expense of measurement accuracy, so that the two aspects are difficult. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a sum and difference beam dividing method based on a conformal array antenna, a storage medium and electronic equipment, which can ensure accuracy, greatly reduce data processing capacity and improve efficiency. The invention adopts the technical scheme that: The conformal array antenna consists of a cylindrical array and a spherical array arranged on the cylindrical array, wherein a plurality of layers of antenna units are arranged on the conformal array antenna, and each layer of antenna units is uniformly arranged on a corresponding cylindrical or spherical array, and the method comprises the following steps: establishing a coordinate system, namely establishing an array plane coordinate system OXYZ and an auxiliary coordinate system OX 0Y0Z0, wherein the incoming wave direction is parallel to the axis of the auxiliary coordinate system X 0; B, coordinate conversion, converting the coordinates of the antenna unit in an array plane coordinate system into the coordinates of an auxiliary coordinate system; Calculating an included angle between an incoming wave and the normal line of the antenna unit; Comparing the obtained included angle between the incoming wave and the normal line of the antenna unit with a set maximum incidence angle, and judging that the antenna unit is an effectively working antenna unit when the included angle between the incoming wave and the normal line of the antenna unit is smaller than or equal to the maximum incidence angle, otherwise judging that the antenna unit is an ineffective working antenna unit; E, coordinate translation, namely obtaining a new coordinate plane OY 1Z1 after the translation amount Trans y0 in the Y 0 coordinate axis and the translation amount Trans z0 in the Z 0 coordinate axis, which are obtained by accumulating and calculating all the antenna units which effectively work in the conformal array according to the an