CN-121997595-A - Offshore wind farm layout evaluation and optimization method based on sea space resource constraint

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly discloses a marine wind power plant layout evaluation and optimization method based on sea area space resource constraint, which constructs a dynamic coupling function block diagram and a hierarchical constraint space model by fusing multi-source sea area data, evaluates the space compatibility, constructability and ecological accumulation influence of a layout scheme according to the dynamic coupling function block diagram and the hierarchical constraint space model, extracts a comprehensive efficiency characteristic vector driving multi-objective optimization algorithm, the fan position and the cable path are optimized through interaction iteration of the main group and the auxiliary group, and the optimized conflict-free wind power plant layout scheme is finally generated by combining dynamic constraint boundary adjustment and conflict verification relaxation strategies, so that dynamic collaborative optimization of wind power plant layout and matched resources can be realized, and the comprehensive feasibility, economy and environmental compatibility of project schemes are improved.

Inventors

• LI DAWEI
• HUANG JUN
• ZHU TAO
• TIAN HUIYUAN
• SONG JING
• AI QING
• MA YUNRUI
• LI XIANGNAN
• XU QIAN
• TANG SHOUYUAN
• Ju Xiaofang
• HU XINYU
• YU MENGXUAN

Assignees

• 三峡新能源(烟台牟平区)有限公司
• 自然资源部北海海域海岛中心(自然资源部北海信息中心)
• 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司
• 中国三峡新能源(集团)股份有限公司
• 中国长江三峡集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260126

Claims (10)

1. 1. The marine wind farm layout evaluation and optimization method based on the sea space resource constraint is characterized by comprising the following steps: Acquiring multi-source space-time sea area resource data, and fusing channel track data, fishery activity period, ecological monitoring data, sea state forecast information, submarine geological data and regional planning information to construct a dynamic coupling sea area functional block diagram; Quantizing constraint relevance based on the dynamically coupled sea-domain functional block diagram to generate a hierarchical constraint space model; Setting initial fan position parameters, calculating a space compatibility index, a constructability score and an ecological accumulation influence degree based on the hierarchical constraint space model, and generating a multi-dimensional efficiency evaluation result; Extracting key performance indexes in the multi-dimensional performance evaluation result, and generating a comprehensive performance feature vector through feature aggregation processing; Inputting the comprehensive performance feature vector into a multi-objective optimization algorithm, driving a main fan position group and an auxiliary resource scheduling group to carry out interactive iteration, and outputting an optimized fan coordinate set and a matched cable path scheme; Dynamically adjusting a buffer zone boundary threshold value in the hierarchical constraint space model according to the optimized fan coordinate set to generate an updated constraint space model; And carrying out conflict verification on the optimized fan coordinate set based on the updated constraint space model, triggering constraint relaxation strategy based on punishment cost when space conflict is detected, and generating an optimized conflict-free layout scheme.
2. 2. The method for evaluating and optimizing a layout of an offshore wind farm based on a spatial resource constraint of a sea area according to claim 1, wherein the constructing a dynamically coupled sea area functional block diagram comprises: identifying geographic boundaries of a navigation forbidden zone, a buffer zone and a negotiation zone in a target sea area space; associating channel flow data with anchor use records, and establishing channel-anchor coupling influence coefficients; Matching a fishery activity period with a wind farm maintenance time window, dividing a target sea area space into a plurality of grid cells, calculating the probability of each grid cell that the fishery activity and the wind farm maintenance activity occur simultaneously in a specific time period, and generating a space-time conflict probability matrix; Introducing a space-time weight factor, fusing the geographic boundary, channel-anchor coupling influence coefficient and space-time conflict probability matrix, and obtaining initial constraint intensity of each grid unit changing along with time so as to generate a dynamic coupling sea area functional block diagram.
3. 3. The offshore wind farm layout evaluation and optimization method based on the sea space resource constraint of claim 1, wherein the hierarchical constrained space model generation process comprises: Extracting initial constraint intensity of each grid unit changing along with time as a basic constraint field based on the dynamic coupling sea area function block diagram; Analyzing constraint relevance in the basic constraint field, and mapping the constraint relevance into a plurality of sub-term quantization constraint layers according to constraint attribute dimensions, wherein the layers at least comprise a space geographic constraint layer, a functional active coupling constraint layer and a conflict risk constraint layer; The multiple sub-term quantization constraint layers are subjected to hierarchical aggregation under a unified space-time coordinate frame according to preset weight coefficients, and the target sea area space is divided into multiple hierarchical areas with different development limiting intensities to form a hierarchical constraint space model; The hierarchical constraint space model comprises an initial buffer boundary threshold value, and is used for defining the geographic range and constraint intensity of a buffer.
4. 4. The method for evaluating and optimizing a layout of an offshore wind farm based on spatial resource constraints of the sea area of claim 1, wherein generating the multi-dimensional performance evaluation result comprises: Inputting initial fan position coordinates, a fan standard performance curve and annual wind resource data of a target sea area, which are obtained through historical data statistics, and calculating the annual equivalent full-time hours of the wind power plant of the target sea area based on a fan wake model; Based on the input fan position coordinates and the substation position, determining an optimized submarine cable connection topology with the lowest total construction cost as a target through a graph theory algorithm, calculating the total cable length and the total construction cost by combining submarine topography data and cable laying cost, and dividing the total cable length and the total construction cost by the capacity of a total assembly machine of a wind power plant to obtain unit kilowatt investment cost; constructing a three-dimensional efficiency evaluation coordinate system according to the space compatibility index, the constructability score and the ecological accumulation influence degree; Mapping the annual equivalent full-time hours and the unit kilowatt investment cost to the three-dimensional efficiency evaluation coordinate system, and combining to generate a multi-dimensional efficiency evaluation result comprising the space compatibility index, the constructability score, the ecological accumulation influence degree, the annual equivalent full-time hours and the unit kilowatt investment cost.
5. 5. The method for evaluating and optimizing a layout of an offshore wind farm based on spatial resource constraints of the sea area of claim 4, wherein generating the comprehensive performance feature vector comprises: Separating conflict risk level characteristics, economical efficiency characteristics and ecological sensitivity characteristics from the multidimensional efficiency evaluation result; Converting the conflict risk level characteristics into space compatibility scalar by adopting a linear weighting method; mapping the economical character and the ecological sensibility character to a unified numerical value interval through normalization treatment; and splicing the space compatibility scalar, the normalized economic characteristic and the normalized ecological sensitivity characteristic according to a preset characteristic structure to generate a comprehensive efficiency characteristic vector.
6. 6. The offshore wind farm layout evaluation and optimization method based on the sea space resource constraint of claim 1, wherein the driving the main fan location population and the auxiliary resource scheduling population to perform interactive iteration comprises: decoding the comprehensive performance feature vector into a main group evolution direction instruction; generating an auxiliary group search space boundary according to the hierarchical constraint space model; The main fan position group executes global position variation based on the main group evolution direction instruction to generate a main group variation result; The auxiliary resource scheduling group is in the boundary of the auxiliary group search space, and a cable path candidate set is generated aiming at the main group variation result; And exchanging feasible solution fragments in the main group mutation result with obstacle avoidance strategies in the cable path candidate set to complete collaborative knowledge migration.
7. 7. The offshore wind farm layout evaluation and optimization method based on the sea space resource constraint of claim 1, wherein dynamically adjusting the buffer boundary threshold comprises: monitoring the change trend of the space compatibility index in an iteration period to form a compatibility change trend; When the compatibility variation trend shows that the space compatibility index is continuously higher than a compatibility threshold value, expanding a buffer area boundary range in the hierarchical constraint space model, and generating an expanded buffer area boundary range; When the ecological accumulation influence degree is detected to exceed a preset warning value, shrinking the usable area of the negotiation area in the hierarchical constraint space model, and generating the shrunken usable area of the negotiation area; writing the expanded buffer area boundary range and the contracted negotiation area usable area into the hierarchical constraint space model to generate the updated constraint space model.
8. 8. The offshore wind farm layout assessment and optimization method based on sea space resource constraints of claim 1, wherein triggering a penalty cost based constraint relaxation strategy comprises: identifying a constraint type corresponding to the space conflict, and acquiring a negotiation priority associated with the constraint type, wherein the negotiation priority comprises a negotiable attribute and a non-negotiable attribute; Introducing an additional economic penalty cost factor to the constraint marked as the negotiable attribute to replace the absolute prohibition constraint, and generating a relaxation constraint state; maintaining the strength of the constraint marked as non-negotiable attribute unchanged; and recalculating the position offset of the fan under the relaxation constraint state to generate the optimized conflict-free layout scheme.
9. 9. The offshore wind farm layout assessment and optimization method based on the sea space resource constraints of claim 1, further comprising: simulating the reachable paths of the operation and maintenance ship under different sea conditions based on the final conflict-free layout scheme; optimizing a fan maintenance sequence by combining the constructability scores, and generating an optimized fan maintenance sequence; and outputting a full life cycle operation and maintenance strategy of the wind power plant with time sequence attribute according to the reachable path of the operation and maintenance ship and the optimized fan maintenance sequence.
10. 10. The offshore wind farm layout assessment and optimization method based on the sea space resource constraints of claim 1, further comprising: superposing and displaying the dynamic coupling sea area function block diagram and the final conflict-free layout scheme; marking a region with the spatial compatibility index lower than a preset early warning value in the final conflict-free layout scheme as a high-sensitivity coordination region; And extracting boundary coordinates of the high-sensitivity coordination area, and outputting a coordination area data signal.

Description

Offshore wind farm layout evaluation and optimization method based on sea space resource constraint Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and relates to a marine wind farm layout evaluation and optimization method based on space resource constraint of a sea area. Background Offshore wind farms, an important form of renewable energy utilization, are centered on capturing wind energy and converting it into electrical energy by arranging multiple wind power generation sets within a particular sea area. The layout of the wind generating set, namely the specific position arrangement of the fans in the sea area, is a key link of the planning and design of the offshore wind farm, and directly determines the generating efficiency, the construction and operation cost and the influence on the marine environment of the wind farm. Therefore, the layout optimization of the offshore wind farm is scientifically and reasonably carried out, and is important for improving project economy, guaranteeing safe operation and promoting ocean sustainable development. In the existing offshore wind farm layout design, a method is generally adopted, wherein various restricted areas in the sea, such as a channel, a military exclusion zone, a marine protection zone, a submarine pipeline and the like, are identified, and marked as exclusion zones in which fans cannot be arranged in a geographic information system. Then, within the remaining selectable sea area, an optimization algorithm is utilized to search for the optimal fan position combination with the primary objective of maximizing annual energy production or minimizing wake losses. Some advanced methods also incorporate factors such as cable length cost into the optimization objective for multi-objective optimization. However, the prior art solutions have significant drawbacks in dealing with complex sea space resource constraints. It generally regards various constraints as simple superposition of mutually independent static geographical boundaries, ignoring dynamic coupling relationships and time-varying characteristics existing between these sea-area functional activities, such as tidal changes in shipping traffic, seasonal features of fishery activities, etc. In addition, the layout evaluation and the optimization process are often separated, and the evaluation result is difficult to provide real-time feedback on the search direction of the optimization algorithm, so that the optimization process is easy to fall into local optimum. This simplified constraint processing and split optimization procedure is prone to unforeseen risk of conflict or economic loss in the final layout solution. Disclosure of Invention In view of this, in order to solve the problems presented in the above background art, a method for evaluating and optimizing a layout of an offshore wind farm based on space resource constraints of a sea area is now proposed. The invention provides a marine wind farm layout evaluation and optimization method based on sea area space resource constraint, which comprises the steps of obtaining multi-source space-time sea area resource data, fusing channel track data, fishery activity period, ecological monitoring data, sea condition forecast information, submarine geological data and regional planning information, and constructing a dynamic coupling sea area function block diagram. Based on the dynamically coupled sea-domain functional block diagram, constraint relevance is quantified to generate a hierarchical constraint spatial model. Setting initial fan position parameters, calculating a space compatibility index, a constructability score and an ecological accumulation influence degree based on the hierarchical constraint space model, and generating a multi-dimensional efficiency evaluation result. And extracting key performance indexes in the multi-dimensional performance evaluation result, and generating a comprehensive performance feature vector through feature aggregation processing. And inputting the comprehensive performance feature vector into a multi-objective optimization algorithm, driving a main fan position group and an auxiliary resource scheduling group to carry out interactive iteration, and outputting an optimized fan coordinate set and a matched cable path scheme. And dynamically adjusting a buffer zone boundary threshold value in the hierarchical constraint space model according to the optimized fan coordinate set, and generating an updated constraint space model. And carrying out conflict verification on the optimized fan coordinate set based on the updated constraint space model, triggering constraint relaxation strategy based on punishment cost when space conflict is detected, and generating an optimized conflict-free layout scheme. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) According to the invention, by constructing the dynamically coupled sea area function