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CN-121997596-A - Topology mapping-based rapid different-surface synthesis method for large-scale circularly polarized array

CN121997596ACN 121997596 ACN121997596 ACN 121997596ACN-121997596-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a topology mapping-based rapid different-surface synthesis method of a large-scale circularly polarized array, which has the implementation scheme that a subarray which is as small as possible and can fully consider mutual coupling is constructed for simulation, and each unit AEP is extracted; the method comprises the steps of obtaining a normal local coordinate system of each unit, introducing a coordinate rotation operator to transform data into the normal local coordinate system of each unit, packaging N multiplied by N units which realize circular polarization in a rotation sequence into an electromagnetic superunit, extrapolating the superunit to a target array based on topology mapping, transforming the data under the normal local coordinate system of each unit to a global coordinate system by using an inverse coordinate rotation operator, and performing space phase delay compensation and vector superposition to complete different-surface synthesis.

Inventors

  • ZHANG SHUAI
  • HU ZIKANG
  • SUN HAO
  • LUO CHUANG

Assignees

  • 西安电子科技大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260127

Claims (9)

  1. 1. A topology mapping-based rapid different-surface synthesis method for a large-scale circularly polarized array is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1, constructing subarrays which can fully consider mutual coupling according to the structure of a target large-scale circularly polarized array, wherein the number of rows and the number of columns of the subarrays are all preset sequential rotary feed periods And it at least comprises a complete corner region, edge region and center region; step 2, AEP data of each array element in the subarray under the subarray global coordinate system are extracted; step 3, introducing a forward coordinate rotation operator, projecting the global AEP data of each array element extracted in the step 2 to a normal local coordinate system of the global AEP data, and forming a complete sequential rotation period Each array element is defined as an electromagnetic superunit, which is defined as Packing local AEP data sets of the array elements as inherent electromagnetic characteristics of the superunit; step 4, establishing a region mapping relation between the subarrays and the target large-scale circularly polarized array, and respectively mapping superunit characteristics of each region in the subarrays to corresponding regions of the target large-scale circularly polarized array according to the mapping relation to complete electromagnetic characteristic simulation of the target large-scale circularly polarized array; and 5, reversely converting the normal local AEP data obtained by mapping back to the global coordinate system by utilizing a reverse coordinate rotation operator according to the actual spatial position and normal direction of each array element in the target large-scale circularly polarized array, compensating the spatial phase delay factor, and performing superposition calculation to obtain the full-array radiation field.
  2. 2. The topology map-based rapid heteroplanar synthesis method of a large-scale circularly polarized array according to claim 1, wherein the sequential rotation feeding period The value is 2, and the electromagnetic superunit consists of The four array elements are respectively adopted in space The subarrays are at least of a scale of , 。
  3. 3. The method for synthesizing a large-scale circular polarization array according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, full-wave electromagnetic simulation is performed on the subarrays to extract each array element in the subarrays AEP data in a global coordinate system.
  4. 4. The method for synthesizing a large-scale circular polarization array according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the forward coordinate rotation operator is constructed by constructing a matrix element normal direction The axial and polarization main axis direction is The normal local coordinate system of the shaft is reused by Euler angle Constructed rotation matrix Rectangular coordinate system electric field component of array element under global coordinate system Transformed into the normal local coordinate system and transformed into the normal local spherical coordinate system coordinate component [ 。
  5. 5. The method for synthesizing the rapid heterohedral array based on the topological mapping is characterized in that in step 4, each area in the subarray comprises a corner area, an edge area and a central periodic area, a superunit data set of four vertex angle positions of the subarray is assigned to corresponding superunits of four vertex angle positions of the target large-scale circular polarization array, the superunit data set of the edge area of the subarray is extracted, periodic copy filling is carried out along the row edge or the column edge direction of the target large-scale circular polarization array, the superunit data set of the geometric central position of the subarray is extracted, and two-dimensional periodic repeated filling is carried out in the inner area of the target large-scale circular polarization array surrounded by the corner points and the edges.
  6. 6. The rapid out-of-plane synthesis method for large-scale circularly polarized array based on superunit topology mapping and dual coordinate transformation of claim 1, wherein in step 5, for the mapped generated first of the target large-scale circularly polarized array Virtual array elements, determining the actual space position vector in the target array Inverse Euler angle corresponding to actual physical gesture Calculating the virtual array element along the observation direction under the global coordinate system Is of the radiation field contribution of (a) : Wherein, the In order to reverse the euler rotation matrix, As a term for the spatial phase calibration, And (5) mapping the obtained superunit local data in the step (4).
  7. 7. The method for rapid out-of-plane synthesis of a large-scale circularly polarized array based on superunit topology mapping and dual coordinate transformation according to claim 1 or 6, wherein in step 5, spatial phase delay factors are superimposed, and the full-space radiation field is calculated using the principle of vector superposition.
  8. 8. The rapid heteroplanar synthesis method of large-scale circularly polarized array based on superunit topology mapping and dual coordinate transformation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein when the target large-scale circularly polarized array is a non-planar curved surface array, in step 4, superunit data in planar subarrays are mapped to corresponding positions of the curved surface array, in step 5, for the same superunit The virtual array elements respectively obtain tangential plane normal vectors and polarized tangential vectors of the array elements on the curved surface, and independently determine Euler angles in the reverse coordinate rotation operators corresponding to the array elements To achieve conformal reconstruction from planar data to curved manifolds.
  9. 9. The rapid out-of-plane synthesis method of a large-scale circularly polarized array based on superunit topological mapping and dual coordinate transformation of claim 1, wherein in step 5, the calculation of the full-space radiation field further comprises the steps of calculating cross polarization components and co-polarization components of a full airspace according to polarization main axis directions of array elements by utilizing Ludwig-3 polarization definition based on a synthesized total electric field vector, and further obtaining the axial ratio distribution of the full airspace.

Description

Topology mapping-based rapid different-surface synthesis method for large-scale circularly polarized array Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic fields and microwaves, in particular relates to simulation and design technology of a large-scale antenna array, and particularly relates to a rapid different-surface synthesis method of a large-scale circularly polarized array based on topological mapping. Background The sequential rotary feed technology realizes the generation and radiation of circularly polarized waves by rotary feeding a plurality of antenna units in a specific sequence and angle, and can effectively improve performance indexes such as gain, beam width, pattern stability and the like of the antenna. In engineering implementation level, because the capability of the circular polarization array is established on the basis of good axial ratio and enough bandwidth, researchers widely adopt a sequential rotary feed technology to expand circular polarization bandwidth and improve the axial ratio, namely, the method utilizesOr (b)The physically rotated linear polarization units form a subarray, and mutual cancellation of polarization components is realized through phase compensation. However, as the scale of the array increases, the computational resources (memory, time) required for full wave electromagnetic simulation of the entire array increases exponentially. Therefore, a fast synthesis method with both efficiency and precision is sought to be an industrial research hotspot. In the prior art, two types of rapid analysis methods mainly exist, namely a discrete synthesis method based on single unit granularity and a macroscopic synthesis method based on continuous field distribution: representative "single unit" granularity based discrete synthesis patents such as CN115034075A divide the array into different regions and choose "representative units" to extrapolate. But since such methods typically extrapolate with a minimum granularity of "single physical units". But for a sequentially rotating array its polarization purity is strictly dependent on the four cells within the subgroup Is complementary to the phase. This approach of independently extrapolating individual units breaks the coupling mechanism therein, resulting in a severe deterioration of the synthesized array axial ratio over the main lobe. Patent US12341568B1, as a representative of a macroscopic synthesis method based on continuous field distribution, discloses a method of expanding excitation distribution of arbitrary curved surface sources of a large-scale conformal array under a spherical coordinate system, converting a high-dimensional discrete unit problem into a low-dimensional continuous field distribution coefficient optimization problem. While this significantly improves computational efficiency by "dimension reduction hit", there is a principle deficiency in processing circularly polarized sequentially rotated arrays, mainly represented by 1. This approach builds on the assumption of "continuous field distribution", which is an assumption that the target array is macroscopically represented as a smooth array radiation characteristic. However, the sequential rotation technique relies on physical rotation between adjacent cells and corresponding sequential rotation phases to achieve polarization cancellation, and this continuous field distribution-based method has difficulty in accurately capturing microscopic vector cancellation details between adjacent cells, which can lead to impaired accuracy of the method in predicting the axial ratio (especially the out-of-plane axial ratio). 2. In a continuous field model, thousands of units of independent physical rotation gestures are accurately representedAlternating), requires very high order expansion modes, which in turn leads to a loss of efficiency advantage, and it is difficult to preserve the cross polarization cancellation effect of the rotation. Furthermore, both of the above techniques ignore non-orthogonal variations in the electric field vector as projected in three-dimensional space. Especially in large angle scanning or conformal array applications, physical rotation can lead to complex cross-polarization components, which can lead to significant errors in out-of-plane cross-polarization level predictions if a tightly defined coordinate transformation operator is lacking. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a topological mapping-based rapid out-of-plane synthesis method for a large-scale circular polarization array, which solves the problems of difficult full-wave simulation of the large-scale sequential rotation array, poor polarization precision of the conventional rapid algorithm and calculation distortion of the axial ratio of the circular polarization array in the out-of-plane direction while maintaining mutual coupling and edge effect of array elements. In order to