CN-121997628-A - Quantitative evaluation and prediction method and system for road surface-tire vibration noise

CN121997628ACN 121997628 ACN121997628 ACN 121997628ACN-121997628-A

Abstract

The invention provides a quantitative evaluation and prediction method and a quantitative evaluation and prediction system for road surface-tire vibration noise, and relates to the technical field of road surface material design, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining road surface texture data; the method comprises the steps of obtaining viscoelastic characteristic parameters through a dynamic modulus test, constructing a road surface-tire-air coupling finite element model, setting tire rolling working conditions including applied load, rolling speed and contact conditions, executing road surface-tire dynamics simulation, extracting vertical displacement time course data of a tire in the rolling process, calculating a noise reduction quantization index representing the noise reduction capability of the road surface, applying the vertical displacement time course data as a forced displacement boundary condition to a three-dimensional tire model, executing tire-air acoustic simulation, extracting sound pressure signals of vibration noise, obtaining predicted noise levels through frequency domain processing, evaluating the noise reduction performance of road surface test pieces with different surface textures and viscoelastic characteristic parameters based on the quantization index and the noise levels, and outputting a road surface material composition result with optimal noise reduction capability.

Inventors

YU JIANGMIAO
Weng Qitai
YANG NIKUN
HU WEI
XIAO PANFEI
NU ERLAN
LIU ANXIONG

Assignees

华运通达(新疆)工程建设有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251217

Claims (10)

1. A method for quantitatively evaluating and predicting road-tire vibration noise, comprising the steps of: acquiring surface texture Gao Chengdian cloud data of a pavement test piece, and preprocessing the point cloud data to obtain pavement surface texture data; Obtaining viscoelastic characteristic parameters of the pavement test piece at different test temperatures and test frequencies through a dynamic modulus test; constructing a three-dimensional road surface model based on the road surface texture data and the viscoelastic characteristic parameters, constructing a tread smooth three-dimensional tire model based on preset tire parameters, and taking an air medium as an acoustic propagation carrier into a calculation domain to construct an air domain model to obtain a road surface-tire-air coupling finite element model; Setting tire rolling working conditions including applied load, rolling speed and contact conditions, performing road surface-tire dynamics simulation, extracting vertical displacement time course data of the tire in the rolling process, and calculating noise reduction quantization indexes representing the noise reduction capability of the road surface based on the vertical displacement time course data; Applying the vertical displacement time interval data as a forced displacement boundary condition to the three-dimensional tire model, executing tire-air acoustic simulation to drive the three-dimensional tire model to generate vibration noise, extracting a sound pressure signal of the vibration noise, and performing frequency domain processing to obtain a predicted noise level; And evaluating the noise reduction performance of the pavement test piece with different surface textures and viscoelastic characteristic parameters based on the noise reduction quantization index and the noise level, and outputting a pavement material composition result with optimal noise reduction capability.
2. The method for quantitatively evaluating and predicting road-tire vibration noise according to claim 1, wherein said step of preprocessing said point cloud data specifically comprises: Taking a measuring point with the height Cheng Zhixiao of minus 10mm and more than 10mm in the point cloud data as an invalid point; and repairing the invalid point by adopting a linear interpolation method, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: ; Wherein: As the elevation value of the null point, Is the position coordinates of the invalid point, For two valid measurement points before and after the invalid point, The elevation of the measuring point is two effective measuring points before and after the invalid point; And (3) performing de-tilting treatment by a plane fitting method, and eliminating systematic errors in the scanning process.
3. The method for quantitatively evaluating and predicting road surface-tire vibration noise according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the viscoelastic characteristic parameters of the road surface test piece at different test temperatures and test frequencies through a dynamic modulus test specifically comprises: acquiring dynamic modulus and phase angle of the pavement test piece at different test temperatures and test frequencies through a dynamic modulus test; calculating a relaxation modulus based on the dynamic modulus and the phase angle, and constructing a relaxation modulus main curve based on the relaxation modulus; calculating a shear modulus ratio based on the relaxation modulus principal curve; And obtaining a prony grade parameter based on the shear modulus ratio fitting, wherein the prony grade parameter comprises a material constant and a delay time.
4. The method for quantitatively evaluating and predicting road-tire vibration noise according to claim 3, wherein said step of constructing a three-dimensional road model based on said road surface texture data and said viscoelastic characteristic parameters specifically comprises: Generating corresponding node coordinates according to the space position and the preset sampling precision of the pavement surface texture data, and connecting nodes by using adjacent three nodes as units to form a three-dimensional pavement grid; generating a curved surface on the surface of the three-dimensional pavement mesh, and stretching the curved surface along the thickness direction to form a three-dimensional pavement model; the three-dimensional pavement model is given material properties including dynamic modulus, poisson's ratio, material constant and delay time.
5. The method for quantitatively evaluating and predicting road-tire vibration noise according to claim 1, wherein said step of constructing a three-dimensional tire model based on preset tire parameters specifically comprises: Generating a three-dimensional tire model with a smooth tread and without patterns according to preset tire parameters, and respectively endowing the tread, the carcass and the rim of the three-dimensional tire model with corresponding material parameters and inflation pressure; And adjusting the spatial position of the three-dimensional tire model to enable the three-dimensional tire model to be in contact with the upper surface of the three-dimensional pavement model, and setting friction coefficient to simulate the interaction between the tire and the pavement so as to establish the pavement-tire coupling relation.
6. The method for quantitatively evaluating and predicting road-tire vibration noise according to claim 1, wherein said step of incorporating an air medium as an acoustic propagation carrier into a calculation domain to construct an air domain model specifically comprises: Setting an acoustic calculation domain of a cube region by taking the upper surface of the three-dimensional pavement model as a bottom boundary, and setting a cavity structure in a superposition region of the acoustic calculation domain and the three-dimensional tire model; setting air domain parameters of an acoustic calculation domain, and adopting non-reflection boundary conditions to restrict the outer boundary of the acoustic domain so as to simulate the sound wave radiation characteristics in an open space and obtain an air domain model; And setting an acoustic-solid coupling interface between the outer surface of the three-dimensional tire model and the inner surface of the air-domain model, the upper surface of the three-dimensional pavement model and the bottom surface of the air-domain model through binding restraint so as to establish a pavement-tire-air coupling relation.
7. The method for quantitatively evaluating and predicting road-tire vibration noise according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating a noise reduction quantization index representing the road noise reduction capability based on the vertical displacement time-course data specifically comprises: And calculating an acceleration root mean square value based on the vertical displacement time-course data, correcting the acceleration root mean square value based on the quantitative relation between the maximum nominal grain diameter of the road surface and the noise level to obtain a corrected acceleration root mean square value, and quantitatively evaluating the noise reduction capability of the road surface through the corrected acceleration root mean square value.
8. The method for quantitatively evaluating and predicting road-tire vibration noise of claim 7, wherein the calculation formula of the acceleration root mean square value is: ; Wherein: As the root mean square value of the acceleration, The instantaneous acceleration of the tire center point can be obtained by a center difference method based on the vertical displacement of the tire center point, and T is a sampling period; The calculation formula of the corrected acceleration root mean square value is as follows: ; Wherein: for correction of the acceleration root mean square value, p0 is the reference particle size and p is the maximum particle size of the road surface type to be corrected, wherein the noise is reduced by 2dB for every 3mm of particle size reduction.
9. The method for quantitatively evaluating and predicting road-tire vibration noise according to claim 1, wherein the step of extracting the sound pressure signal of the vibration noise and performing frequency domain processing to obtain the predicted noise level comprises: extracting sound pressure signals, performing hanning window, FFT conversion, 1/3 octave and A weighting processing to obtain equivalent A weighting sound pressure level, and taking the equivalent A weighting sound pressure level as a noise level prediction result.
10. A system for quantitatively evaluating and predicting road-tire vibration noise, comprising: The surface texture data acquisition module is used for acquiring surface texture Gao Chengdian cloud data of the pavement test piece, and preprocessing the point cloud data to obtain pavement surface texture data; the viscoelastic characteristic parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring viscoelastic characteristic parameters of the pavement test piece at different test temperatures and test frequencies through a dynamic modulus test; The model construction module is used for constructing a three-dimensional pavement model based on the pavement surface texture data and the viscoelastic characteristic parameters, constructing a three-dimensional tire model with a smooth tread based on preset tire parameters, taking an air medium as an acoustic propagation carrier into a calculation domain to construct an air domain model, and obtaining a pavement-tire-air coupling finite element model; The noise reduction quantization module is used for setting tire rolling working conditions including applied load, rolling speed and contact conditions, performing road surface-tire dynamics simulation, extracting vertical displacement time course data of the tire in the rolling process, and calculating noise reduction quantization indexes representing the noise reduction capability of the road surface based on the vertical displacement time course data; The noise level prediction module is used for applying the vertical displacement time interval data to the three-dimensional tire model as a forced displacement boundary condition, performing tire-air acoustic simulation to drive the three-dimensional tire model to generate vibration noise, extracting sound pressure signals of the vibration noise and performing frequency domain processing to obtain a predicted noise level; And the output module is used for evaluating the noise reduction performance of the pavement test pieces with different surface textures and viscoelastic characteristic parameters based on the noise reduction quantization indexes and the noise level and outputting a pavement material composition result with optimal noise reduction capability.

Description

Quantitative evaluation and prediction method and system for road surface-tire vibration noise Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of pavement material design, in particular to a method and a system for quantitatively evaluating and predicting pavement-tire vibration noise. Background At present, traffic noise becomes a key short board which restricts the improvement of ecological environment quality and the construction of a habitat environment, wherein the noise generated by the coupling effect of tires and road surfaces accounts for about 80% of the traffic noise, and the problem of traffic noise pollution can be effectively solved by reducing the tire/road noise. However, the current mode of reducing tire/road noise mainly depends on passive noise reduction measures such as a sound barrier or the like or is based on numerical simulation of a simplified road surface, the passive measures have huge investment and can not treat the symptoms and root causes, the numerical simulation generally simplifies the road surface into a rigid plane, the real texture excitation and the material viscoelastic characteristics of the road surface are completely ignored, so that the coupling effect of tire vibration noise and air pumping noise cannot be separated, the low-noise road surface design is caused to depend on experience trial and error for a long time, the influence mechanism of the road surface on the tire vibration noise is difficult to separate and quantify at a noise source, and the material design of the noise reduction asphalt road surface cannot be effectively guided. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a quantitative evaluation and prediction method and a quantitative evaluation and prediction system for road surface-tire vibration noise, which are used for solving the problems that the prior method for reducing the tire/road noise in the background technology mainly depends on passive noise reduction measures such as a sound barrier or is based on numerical simulation of a simplified road surface, and the influence mechanism of the road surface on the tire vibration noise is difficult to separate and quantify at a noise source, so that the material design of a noise reduction asphalt road surface cannot be effectively guided. The method comprises the steps of obtaining surface texture Gao Chengdian cloud data of a pavement test piece, preprocessing the point cloud data to obtain the surface texture data of the pavement, obtaining viscoelastic characteristic parameters of the pavement test piece under different test temperatures and test frequencies through a dynamic modulus test, constructing a three-dimensional pavement model based on the surface texture data of the pavement and the viscoelastic characteristic parameters, constructing a three-dimensional tire model with a smooth tread based on preset tire parameters, taking an air medium as an acoustic propagation carrier into a calculation domain to construct an air domain model, obtaining a pavement-tire-air coupling finite element model, setting tire rolling working conditions including applied load, rolling speed and contact conditions, executing pavement-tire dynamics simulation, extracting vertical displacement time course data of tires in the rolling process, calculating noise reduction quantization indexes representing the noise reduction capacity of the pavement based on the vertical displacement time course data, applying the vertical displacement time course data as forced displacement boundary conditions to the three-dimensional tire model, executing tire-air acoustic simulation to drive the three-dimensional tire model to generate noise, extracting air media as acoustic propagation carriers, taking the acoustic propagation carriers into a calculation domain to construct an air domain model, obtaining optimal noise reduction performance of the pavement and the pavement, and outputting noise reduction capacity according to the vibration performance characteristics of the pavement vibration noise model and the optimal noise reduction performance. Optionally, the step of preprocessing the point cloud data specifically includes taking a measurement point which is higher than Cheng Zhixiao mm and is larger than 10mm in the point cloud data as an invalid point, repairing the invalid point by adopting a linear interpolation method, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: Wherein: As the elevation value of the null point, Is the position coordinates of the invalid point,For two valid measurement points before and after the invalid point,And performing de-tilting treatment by a plane fitting method to eliminate systematic errors in the scanning process. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a dynamic modulus and a phase angle of a pavement test piece at different test temperatures and test frequencies through a dynamic modulus test, calculating a relaxation modulus based on the dynamic modulus