Search

CN-121997697-A - Tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme optimization method considering regional priority evaluation

CN121997697ACN 121997697 ACN121997697 ACN 121997697ACN-121997697-A

Abstract

A tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme optimization method considering regional priority assessment comprises 1) constructing a three-dimensional solution space model of a target tunnel based on a two-dimensional design drawing and a three-dimensional BIM design model of the target tunnel, 2) conducting grid division on the three-dimensional solution space model of the target tunnel by adopting a BIM software grid discrete function, conducting center point coordinate calculation based on divided grids to obtain a tunnel scanning object set, 3) conducting priority division on sections of the target tunnel by referring to corresponding construction safety risk assessment guidelines and specifications, 4) constructing a scanning site hierarchical scanning model based on the tunnel scanning object set and divided section priorities, 5) solving the scanning site hierarchical scanning model by utilizing a genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal scanning scheme, and 6) arranging a scanner in the target tunnel based on the optimal scanning scheme to collect point cloud data. The invention provides technical reference for data redundancy inhibition and comprehensive optimization of the long-line tunnel point cloud optimization acquisition.

Inventors

  • LI DONGSHENG
  • ZHANG DI
  • LIU JIEPENG
  • QI HONGTUO
  • MA YUMENG
  • DU HELI

Assignees

  • 重庆大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20251203

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme optimization method considering regional priority assessment is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1) Constructing a three-dimensional solution space model of the target tunnel based on a two-dimensional design drawing and a three-dimensional BIM design model of the target tunnel scene; 2) Performing grid division on the three-dimensional solution space model of the target tunnel by adopting a BIM software grid discrete function, and performing center point coordinate calculation based on the divided grids to obtain a tunnel scanning object set; 3) Prioritizing sections of the target tunnel with reference to corresponding construction safety risk assessment guidelines and specifications; 4) Constructing a scanning site hierarchical scanning model based on the tunnel scanning object set and the divided section priorities; 5) Solving a scanning site hierarchical scanning model by using a genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal scanning scheme; 6) And (3) arranging a scanner in the target tunnel based on the optimal scanning scheme, and collecting point cloud data.
  2. 2. The method for optimizing a tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme taking into account regional priority assessment according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional solution space model of the target tunnel comprises a secondary lining inner wall, a road pavement and a drainage ditch cover plate.
  3. 3. The method for optimizing a tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme in consideration of regional priority assessment according to claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining a tunnel scanning object set is as follows: A1, performing grid division on the inner wall of the secondary lining by adopting a BIM software grid discrete function to obtain four vertex coordinates of the divided grid; a2, calculating the coordinates of the central point of the grid based on the four vertex coordinates of the divided grid, and taking the coordinates as a scanning target point; The coordinates of the center point of the grid are as follows: (1) in the formula, The grid index is represented as a function of the grid index, Represent the first Center point coordinates of the grids; , , , Respectively the first Four vertex coordinates of the mesh; A3, selecting coordinate points on a central axis of the road surface of the road at preset intervals to serve as candidate scanning stations; A4, constructing and obtaining a tunnel scanning object set based on the scanning target point and the candidate scanning site.
  4. 4. The optimization method of a tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme taking into account regional priority assessment according to claim 1, wherein the prioritizing the sections of the target tunnel is performed according to a risk score of a tunnel collapse accident and a risk score of a water and mud surge accident, as follows: (2) (3) (4) in the formula, A risk score representing a tunnel collapse event; A risk score representing a gushing water and mud accident; Representing the reduction coefficient; representing the surrounding rock grade index score; Indicating a fault fracture condition index score; indicating the index score of the water seepage state; representing a geological compliance index score; Representing a construction method index score; representing construction step index scores; Indicating karst development degree index scores; indicating fault zone indicator scores; Indicating the index scores of the conditions of the surrounding water body; representing the scores of the various assessment indicators.
  5. 5. The optimization method of a tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme taking into account regional priority assessment according to claim 1, wherein the objective function of the scanning site hierarchical scanning model is as follows: (5) in the formula, Representing an objective function of a hierarchical scan model of the scan site; representing candidate scan site indexes; the representation is from the first A set of scan target points captured by the candidate scan sites; representing a total number of scan target points captured from each candidate scan site; representing the total number of scan target points.
  6. 6. The tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme optimization method considering regional priority assessment according to claim 1, wherein the constraint conditions of the scanning site hierarchical scanning model comprise scanning distance constraint, shielding constraint, quality constraint of a scanned object, detail level constraint and overlapping region area constraint.
  7. 7. The method for optimizing a point cloud scanning scheme for a tunnel scene in consideration of regional priority assessment according to claim 6, wherein the scanning distance constraint is as follows: (6) (7) in the formula, Representing a scan distance from the candidate scan site to the scan target point; representing a radius of a scanning range of the scanner; Representing coordinates of the scan target point; Representing coordinates of candidate scanning sites; The shielding constraint is to add a candidate scanning site for a scanning blocked area in the tunnel; the scan blocked area includes an emergency stop zone; The mass constraints of the scanned object are as follows: (8) (9) in the formula, Representing the angle of incidence of the scanned target point; a line-of-sight vector representing a scan target point to a candidate scan site; representing a normal vector of the scan target point; Representing norms; representing a limit scan angle; the level of detail constraint is as follows: (10) (11) (12) in the formula, Representing the horizontal distance between two adjacent scan target points; Representing a horizontal angle of incidence; the angular resolution of the segments representing different priorities is different; Representing the distance between the candidate scanning site and the scanning target point; Representing the vertical distance between two adjacent scan target points; Representing normal incidence angle; Represent the first A set of scan target points captured by the candidate scan sites; representing a level of detail requirement for horizontal scanning; representing a vertical scanning level of detail requirement; Representing scan target point coordinates; the overlap area constraint is as follows: (13) (14) (15) in the formula, Representing a radius of a scanning range of the scanner; representing the width of the road surface; A complementary angle representing the angle of incidence at the furthest scanned target point; representing the distance between two candidate scanning sites; Representing the length of the overlap region; Representing the area of the overlap region.
  8. 8. The optimization method of the tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme considering regional priority assessment according to claim 1, wherein when the genetic algorithm is used for solving the scanning site hierarchical scanning model, a scanning time constraint is also introduced, and the scanning site hierarchical scanning model is as follows: (16) (17) in the formula, Representing a maximization function; Representing an objective function of a hierarchical scan model of the scan site; Representing a scan time; A maximum constraint value representing a scan time; representing candidate scan site indexes; Representing the total number of candidate scanning sites; Represent the first Candidate scanning sites and the th Overlapping regions between candidate scan sites; representing the time to move the scanner to the next candidate scanning station; representing a scan resolution index; representing the total number of scanning resolutions; Indicating that the scanner is at the first Candidate scanning sites to the first The time consumed when scanning is performed at each scanning resolution.
  9. 9. The method for optimizing a point cloud scanning scheme for a tunnel scene taking into account regional priority assessment of claim 1, wherein said scanner comprises a laser scanner.
  10. 10. The tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme optimization method considering regional priority assessment according to claim 1, wherein the quality of the acquired data is assessed by local point density using the point cloud data acquired by the scanner arranged based on the optimal scanning scheme, as follows: (18) in the formula, Representing local dot density; representing points in the neighborhood of the point cloud data; Representing the neighborhood radius of the point cloud data to the nearest neighbor.

Description

Tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme optimization method considering regional priority evaluation Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of information technology and building safety management, in particular to a tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme optimization method considering regional priority evaluation. Background Tunnels are long line structures built underground or across mountains, commonly used for transportation, water transport or mining of mineral resources. During operation and maintenance of the tunnel, the support structure is at risk of deformation and damage due to time-varying creep characteristics of the surrounding rock or other various factors. To ensure the structural safety of the tunnel, it is necessary to periodically detect the spatial deformation of the full section thereof. However, the detection and measurement method adopting equipment such as total stations and inclinometers is mainly used for calculating the deformation of specific monitoring points at present, and the requirement for comprehensively and accurately evaluating the overall structure condition of the tunnel is difficult to meet. Therefore, researchers in recent years propose a solution to acquire high-precision point cloud data of a tunnel by using a scanning device such as a land laser scanner, and then generate a complete and accurate tunnel model through registration processing and modeling. At the same time, in order to minimize the number of scans and generate a more accurate and complete point cloud, it is necessary to optimize the scanning scheme. However, the current optimization method of the scanning scheme still has certain limitations that on one hand, the problems of large scanning workload and huge scanning data volume caused by the long-line structure characteristics of the tunnel in the data acquisition process cannot be fully considered, and on the other hand, in the optimization process of the scanning scheme, only the scanning time and the scanning coverage rate are mostly considered to carry out single optimization solution, and the scanning resolution is not used as constraint to further carry out comprehensive optimization solution. The consideration of the actual working conditions of the engineering is deficient, so that the optimization of the point cloud scanning scheme cannot achieve the optimal effect yet, and the engineering practice requirements are difficult to fully meet. Therefore, in order to solve the core problems that the redundancy phenomenon of the scan data is ignored and the comprehensive optimization cannot be performed from the perspective of the long-line scan space in the current point cloud scan scheme optimization method, it is necessary to establish a tunnel scene point cloud scan scheme optimization method considering the regional priority evaluation so as to improve the effect and engineering applicability of the scan scheme optimization. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a tunnel scene point cloud scanning scheme optimization method considering regional priority evaluation, which comprises the following steps: 1) And constructing a three-dimensional solution space model of the target tunnel based on the two-dimensional design drawing and the three-dimensional BIM design model of the target tunnel scene. 2) And performing grid division on the three-dimensional solution space model of the target tunnel by adopting a BIM software grid discrete function, and performing center point coordinate calculation based on the divided grids to obtain a tunnel scanning object set. 3) The segments of the target tunnel are prioritized with reference to corresponding construction safety risk assessment guidelines and specifications. 4) A scan site hierarchical scan model is constructed based on the tunnel scan object set and the partitioned sector priorities. 5) And solving a scanning site hierarchical scanning model by using a genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal scanning scheme. 6) And (3) arranging a scanner in the target tunnel based on the optimal scanning scheme, and collecting point cloud data. Further, the three-dimensional solution space model of the target tunnel comprises a secondary lining inner wall, a road pavement and a drainage ditch cover plate. Further, the step of obtaining the tunnel scanning object set is as follows: And A1, carrying out grid division on the inner wall of the secondary lining by adopting a BIM software grid discrete function to obtain four vertex coordinates of the divided grid. A2, calculating the coordinates of the central point of the grid based on the four vertex coordinates of the divided grid, and taking the coordinates as a scanning target point. The coordinates of the center point of the grid are as follows: (1) in the formula, The grid index is represented as a function of the grid index,Represent the firstCenter point coordinates of the grids.,,,Respectively the firstFour vertex