CN-121997828-A - Tidal ditch morphological ecological regulation and control method based on suaeda salsa suitable for growth

CN121997828ACN 121997828 ACN121997828 ACN 121997828ACN-121997828-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a tidal channel morphology ecological regulation method based on suaeda salsa adaptation, which comprises the steps of obtaining and analyzing a first-level data source in a research area, setting a calculation grid according to the range of the research area and the research purpose, preprocessing analyzed data, taking the preprocessed data as input quantity of a MaxEnt model, outputting an environment variable result, identifying key influence factors according to the environment variable result, determining an ecological suitability interval, constructing a Delft3D model, simulating, outputting a scene simulation result, analyzing the scene simulation result and the ecological suitability interval, determining a regulation direction, and regulating and implementing a tidal channel network. The method solves the problem that the single-threshold coupling lack is difficult to reach the standard once in the prior art, scientifically quantifies the influence mechanism of the tide channel morphology on the pioneer plant habitat of the wetland, determines the optimized tide channel morphology index, and provides a tide channel regulation scheme which takes the hydrologic process and ecological requirements into consideration, so as to improve the habitat condition of the salt-land suaeda salsa of the estuary wetland.

Inventors

SONG FEI
DING YUZHEN
SU FANGLI
Xu Deshen
LI HAIFU
CAO CHENCHEN
LIU YI
YANG YUCHENG
YU YAFAN
ZHANG KAIWEN

Assignees

沈阳农业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260127

Claims (10)

1. The tidal ditch morphology ecological regulation method based on suaeda salsa is suitable for growth, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step one, acquiring a first-level data source in a research area and analyzing the first-level data source; the primary data source comprises remote sensing image data, actually measured sediment data, hydrologic data, and topographic data and chart sounding data for constructing an area topographic elevation model; Step two, setting a calculation grid according to the range of the research area and the research purpose, and preprocessing the analyzed data; step three, taking the preprocessed data as the input quantity of the follow-up species adaptability modeling, and analyzing and outputting an environment variable result; step four, identifying key influence factors according to environmental variable results, and determining an ecological suitability interval; establishing a Delft3D model, and performing scene simulation according to the ecological suitability interval and the width of the water inlet section of the main tidal channel to obtain a scene simulation result; Step six, analyzing a scene simulation result and an ecological suitability interval, and determining a regulation and control direction; and seventhly, regulating and implementing the tidal channel network according to the regulating and controlling direction.
2. The tidal ditch morphology ecological regulation and control method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the analysis comprises the steps of extracting tidal ditch network distribution information and salt land suaeda salsa distribution information from the remote sensing image data, and performing field stepping check and check on the salt land suaeda salsa distribution condition, wherein the hydrologic data are used for representing tidal ditch morphology, salt land suaeda salsa distribution and tidal hydrologic processes of a research area, obtaining tidal hydrologic and boundary condition data and topography and upstream runoff processes, and being used for setting and checking a model boundary, and the topography data and chart sounding data are used as Delft3D model topography input data and are used for representing the foundation bed elevation of the research area and completing boundary setting and check.
3. The method for ecologically regulating and controlling the morphology of the tidal tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that in the second step, a calculation grid is established in a research area based on the tidal tunnel network distribution information, the morphology indexes of the tidal tunnels in each grid are counted, a plurality of morphology indexes of the tidal tunnels are calculated, a calculation grid is established in the research area based on the suaeda salsa distribution information, and a grid center point with the coverage area of the suaeda salsa being greater than 50% of the grid area is used as a suitable distribution point of the suaeda salsa.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the tidal channel morphology metrics include tidal channel area, tidal channel curvature, number of tidal channels, tidal channel density, frequency of tidal channels, length of tidal channels, and linear length of tidal channels, and the characteristic scale of the grid for counting the tidal channel morphology metrics is at least one order of magnitude larger than the characteristic scale of the grid for determining the suaeda salsa suitable distribution points.
5. The tidal channel morphological ecological regulation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that in the third step, the tidal channel morphological index is taken as an environment variable, the adaptive distribution points of suaeda salsa are taken as species existing points, the environment variable and the species existing points are taken as inputs, a suaeda salsa MaxEnt model is built for species adaptive analysis, and environmental variable results are output through repeated operation and training set/verification set division for a plurality of times.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the method comprises determining an ecological suitability interval of key tide morphology indexes affecting distribution of suaeda salsa by using a curve fitting method according to a MaxEnt model of suaeda salsa, for regulating subsequent scenario simulation.
7. The tidal channel morphology ecological regulation and control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the fifth step, the method comprises the steps of constructing a numerical scenario and carrying out scenario simulation in a Delft3D model Flow module, establishing a numerical model covering a estuary sea-entering section and a tidal flat area, setting an upstream runoff process and a downstream tide level boundary condition, describing a tidal channel local hydrodynamic process by adopting a nested grid strategy, checking through measured water levels, setting a plurality of scenario simulation regulation and control schemes based on the combination of an ecological suitability interval of the tidal channel morphology and a main tidal channel water inlet section width, constructing a multi-scale nesting model based on the Delft3D model Flow module, carrying out simulation, and outputting scenario tidal channel morphology index change results for quantitatively pre-judging and comparing different regulation and control schemes before engineering implementation.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the key influencing factors in the tidal channel morphology index are maintained in the ecological suitability interval or are evolved in the ecological suitability interval by changing the width of the water inlet section of the main tidal channel after the ecological regulation direction is determined.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the result of the change in the morphological index of the tidal channel is analyzed and evaluated, and compared with the ecological suitability region, and a scheme for evolving the morphological index of the tidal channel into the ecological suitability region is selected as a regulation scheme.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein in step seven, the tidal channel network of the research area is subjected to engineering regulation according to the regulation scheme, and after the engineering regulation, the method further comprises the steps of periodically monitoring the condition of wetland vegetation and soil water salt, and adjusting the tidal channel form according to the monitoring result.

Description

Tidal ditch morphological ecological regulation and control method based on suaeda salsa suitable for growth Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of estuary wetland ecological restoration and hydrologic regulation, and particularly relates to a tidal channel morphology ecological regulation method based on suaeda salsa suitable for growth. Background The estuary wetland is an important ecological system for land-sea intersection, and has important effects in hydrologic regulation, biodiversity maintenance, carbon fixation, emission reduction, coastal erosion prevention and the like. The tidal ditches are key hydrographic landform units in the wetland, and the form of the tidal ditches directly influences water-salt distribution, sediment transportation and vegetation succession. Suaeda salsa (Suaeda salsa) is taken as a typical salt-producing pioneer plant, is a key species for building and succession of northern salt-marsh communities, and developed overground and underground structures of the salt-land salsa can reduce the flow rate, slow down wave erosion and improve the stability of river mouths, and simultaneously provide important habitats and feeding habitats for coastal birds and benthonic animals, and plays an important role in maintaining the ecological functions of the wetland. In the estuary ecosystem, the tidal ditch network and the vegetation pattern have obvious coupling feedback that the tidal ditch morphology controls the salt and hydrodynamic force of near-surface water so as to influence the spatial distribution and succession of salt biogas plants, and vegetation changes the sediment-erosion balance and the sediment bed roughness and remodels the connectivity of the tidal ditch. This "tidal ditch-vegetation" correlation and process coupling has been demonstrated for several studies, but prior studies have mostly remained at a statistically relevant or empirical threshold level, or only the geometric stability of the gate/channel was discussed from a water-sand dynamics perspective, as prior document 1（zheng zongsheng, zhou yunxuan, tian bo, ding xianwen. The spatial relationship between salt marsh vegetation patterns, soil elevation and tidal channels using remote sensing at Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve, China [J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2016, 35(4): 26-34. DOI: 10.1007/s13131-016-0831-z） has not mapped the specie habitat suitability interval directly into a practicable engineering control volume and developed a multi-scenario comparative analysis prior to implementation. In recent years, the concept of "natural based solutions" (NbS) has been widely used in wetland restoration. Through moderate adjustment of tidal ditch dimensions and spatial layout and combination of ecological engineering measures such as vegetation restoration, the wetland hydrologic structure can be effectively improved, and the risk resistance capability of the wetland hydrologic structure can be enhanced. The distribution pattern and dynamic change of the tidal channel and vegetation coverage of the yellow river delta coastal wetland are analyzed by remote sensing and geographic information technology based on Landsat (TM)/OLI images of the yellow river delta coastal wetland 2005, 2010 and 2017 at 3 times, and the tidal channel and vegetation coverage of the research area are analyzed by a grid search method, as described in document 2 (Liu Louyu, qu Fanzhu, chestnut Yun Zhao, etc.. Relation between the tidal channel distribution and vegetation coverage of the yellow river delta coastal wetland [ J ]. J.ecological journal 2020,39 (06): 1830-1837). The result shows that the vegetation coverage of the yellow river delta coastal wetland in 2005-2017 is continuously improved, the area of low vegetation coverage is reduced by 233.73 km 2, the area of high vegetation coverage is increased by 165.85 km 2, the length and the area of the tidal channel of the yellow river delta coastal wetland in 2005-2017 are continuously increased, the frequency is also increased, the length of the tidal channel in the southeast part of the coastal wetland in 2017 reaches 216.13 km, the area is 22.23 km 2, the length and the area are respectively increased by 36.91% and 49% compared with 2005, the distribution of the tidal channel of the yellow river delta in 2005-2017 is in negative correlation with the vegetation coverage, the tidal channel of the yellow river delta in 2010-2017 is in remarkable correlation with the vegetation coverage (P < 0.05), and the spatial distribution of the tidal channel of the yellow river delta is in close correlation with the growth vigilance of vegetation in the area. However, the document 2 only provides static critical density, does not couple plane-section cooperative parameters such as the width-depth ratio, curvature and the like, can not reversely design the ditch shape required by the target coverage of 60 percent, has a vegetation-water power quantitative response, ext