CN-121998198-A - Hierarchical evaluation water and fertilizer management method for yield and quality of tomatoes in greenhouse

CN121998198ACN 121998198 ACN121998198 ACN 121998198ACN-121998198-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of greenhouse crop water and fertilizer management and green efficient sustainable production, in particular relates to a method for classifying and evaluating the yield and quality of tomatoes in a greenhouse, which is characterized in that, the method sequentially comprises data collection, weight determination, sorting, grading and optimal mode determination, wherein an integrated entropy weight method is adopted for weight determination, a TOPSIS model is adopted for sorting, a AISM model is adopted for grading, and an EWM-TOPSIS-AISM comprehensive evaluation model is finally constructed. The method has the beneficial effects that 1) an EWM-TOPSIS-AISM comprehensive evaluation model is constructed on the basis of field experiments, an optimal water and nitrogen supply mode is established on the basis of multi-objective optimization of water and nitrogen management of greenhouse drip irrigation tomatoes in northeast areas, and theoretical basis and technical support are provided for establishment of accurate drip irrigation fertilization strategies of greenhouse tomatoes in northeast areas. 2) The EWM-TOPSIS-AISM comprehensive evaluation model has the advantages that the subjectivity and result inconsistency of a single model are effectively overcome through a combined evaluation method, and 3) through bidirectional verification of an UP type topological hierarchy directed graph and a DOWN type topological hierarchy directed graph, the evaluation result is stable and reliable.

Inventors

YAO MINGZE
WANG FENGJIAO
LI BO
HAN LIYAN
LI DAZHI
LI QIANG
HUANG MENG
ZHAO MINGYU
SUN MING

Assignees

沈阳农业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260205

Claims (9)

1. The grading evaluation water and fertilizer management method for the yield and the quality of the tomatoes in the greenhouse is characterized by sequentially comprising data collection, weight determination, sequencing, grading and determining an optimal mode, wherein the weight determination adopts an integrated entropy weight method, the sequencing adopts a TOPSIS model, the grading adopts a AISM model, and finally an EWM-TOPSIS-AISM comprehensive evaluation model is constructed, and the specific processing steps are as follows: 1) Data collection, determining a plurality of test plots according to different water and nitrogen conditions under the same greenhouse condition, and determining and recording specific indexes for subsequent comprehensive evaluation in the key growth period and the harvesting period of tomatoes; 2) The weight determination, namely objectively calculating each specific index measured in the step 1) by using an Entropy Weight Method (EWM), and the weight in a comprehensive evaluation system; 3) Sequencing, namely inputting standardized data processed by each specific index weight into a TOPSIS model, calculating the proximity of each process to an ideal solution, and performing preliminary sequencing; 4) Grading, namely generating a relation matrix and an reachable matrix according to standardized data of each specific index by utilizing AISM models, drawing an UP type and DOWN type topological hierarchy directed graph, and intuitively displaying the good and bad hierarchical relation among each process; 5) And determining an optimal mode, and jointly determining the water nitrogen treatment combination with the optimal comprehensive performance by combining the sequencing result of the TOPSIS model and the hierarchical structure of the AISM model.
2. The method for graded evaluation of tomato yield and quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the test plots is not less than 27.
3. The method for graded evaluation of tomato yield and quality according to claim 1, wherein the specific index includes, but is not limited to, plant height, stem thickness, leaf area index (L), dry matter quality of each organ, number of single fruits, single fruit weight, total yield (Y), vitamin C content (VC), soluble solids content (TSS), soluble sugar content (SS), organic acid content (OA), lycopene content (L), nitrogen Utilization Efficiency (NUE), water Productivity (WP).
4. The method for graded evaluation of tomato yield and quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein each organ refers to any one of fruit FDM, stem SDM, root RDM, leaf LDM.
5. The method for hierarchical evaluation of water and fertilizer management of greenhouse tomato yield and quality according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating index weights by the Entropy Weight Method (EWM) is as follows: i) Constructing an original matrix, supposing that n evaluation indexes are selected, evaluating m samples, and constructing the original matrix: Wherein, rij is the data value corresponding to the j sample under the i index; ii) unified indexes, wherein the indexes are uniformly processed by adopting an extremum method due to different units and trends of different indexes, and the forward index calculation formula is as follows: The calculation formula for the negative index is as follows: Wherein: And Xij is the value corresponding to the j sample under the i index after unification; iii) Calculating entropy of index according to formula Calculating the specific gravity Pij of the jth sample under the ith index according to the formula Calculating coefficient K, and finally according to the formula Calculating entropy under the ith index when In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces, ; Iii) weights of the indicators are according to the formula Calculating the weight Wi of the ith index, wherein 。
6. A method for graded evaluation of tomato yield and quality as claimed in claim 5, wherein the forward index is larger and better, including but not limited to yield or VC content.
7. A method for graded evaluation of tomato yield and quality in a greenhouse according to claim 5, wherein the negative index is the smaller the index value, the better, including but not limited to organic acid content.
8. The method for managing the water and fertilizer for graded evaluation of the yield and the quality of the tomatoes in the greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the TOPSIS model calculation step is as follows: a) Unified index, namely adopting the extremum method identical to the entropy weight method to perform unified treatment on the index to obtain a unified matrix; b) Calculating a weighted normalization matrix according to the formula Calculating a weighted normalization matrix to determine a positive ideal solution and a negative ideal solution, i.e. a positive ideal solution Negative ideal solution Wherein: And Representing the maximum value and the minimum value under the same index; c) Calculating the distance between the sample and the positive and negative ideal solutions according to the formula Calculating the distance from the j sample to the positive ideal solution according to the formula Calculating the distance from the j-th sample to the negative ideal solution; d) Calculating the proximity coefficients and ordering according to the formula And calculating the adjacent coefficient of the jth sample, wherein the larger the adjacent coefficient is, the closer the sample is to the ideal point, the better the treatment effect is, and the different water nitrogen treatment combinations are ordered according to the size of the adjacent coefficient.
9. The method for hierarchical evaluation of water and fertilizer management of greenhouse tomato yield and quality according to claim 1, wherein the AISM model analysis sample hierarchy relation comprises the following steps: I) For a decision matrix (D) containing m columns, there are m different index dimensions, positive for p1, p 2. Pm, negative for q1, q 2. Qm, for any two rows x, y in the decision matrix (D): the negative indexes are as follows: 、、······、 , The forward indexes are as follows: 、、······、 ; the partial order relation of the elements x and y is expressed as x < y, which means that the element y is better than the element x, namely that a given partial order set (D, <) has , If dj < di, the aij=1, if dj > di, the aij=0, and the decision matrix (D) can obtain the relation matrix through the partial order rule Representing the results of the comparison between samples at different index dimensions, wherein: ; II) calculation of the reachable matrix (R) of the relation matrix (A) Wherein B is a multiplication matrix, I is an m-order Boolean square matrix with a diagonal of 1, R is an reachable matrix; Boolean operation is carried out on the reachable matrix (R) to obtain a skeleton matrix (S), and the calculation process is as follows: ; III) a UP type hierarchical graph, wherein the hierarchy is preferentially divided according to a result, the rule is R (ei) =T (ei), and extracted samples are placed in an order from top to bottom, the division of the hierarchical graph is jointly judged by a first set (Q), a common set (T) and a reachable set (R), and a relation matrix (A) is taken as an example, wherein the first set of ei is Q (ei) and is all elements corresponding to a column of 1, the reachable set of ei is R (ei) and is all elements corresponding to a row of 1, and the common set of ei is T (ei) and is an intersection part of Q (ei) and R (ei); IV) a DOWN-type hierarchy chart, wherein the hierarchy is prioritized according to reasons, the rule is Q (ei) =t (ei), the extracted samples are placed in the order from bottom to top, the UP-type and the DOWN-type are a set of opposite extraction results, the pareto-optimal sample is at the uppermost level, the worst sample is at the lowest level, and therefore the quality grading result of the evaluated samples is obtained, and the quality ordering of the samples is determined.

Description

Hierarchical evaluation water and fertilizer management method for yield and quality of tomatoes in greenhouse Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of greenhouse crop water and fertilizer management and green efficient sustainable production, and particularly relates to a water and fertilizer management method for graded evaluation of greenhouse tomato yield and quality. Background Tomatoes are one of the most widely planted vegetables worldwide. Currently, annual tomato production is about 180 billion tons worldwide. Wherein, the planting area and the yield of the Chinese tomatoes are all in the first place in the world. The northeast region of China has a severe cold climate, which is unfavorable for the growth and development of tomatoes. However, farmers plant tomatoes through a greenhouse, and use sunlight greenhouses to adjust conditions such as temperature, humidity, illumination and the like, so that a good growing environment is provided for the tomatoes. In recent years, many areas of the world have been faced with water resource shortages due to rapid population growth and global warming. Previous studies have shown that either excessive or deficient irrigation is detrimental to tomato growth. Excessive irrigation reduces the soluble sugar content of tomatoes and increases the water vapor content in the greenhouse, resulting in increased pest and disease damage. However, deficient irrigation affects the physiological process of tomatoes, leading to premature senescence and higher sensitivity to various diseases, ultimately limiting crop growth and reducing yield. Therefore, accurate control of the irrigation quantity is important for the growth of tomatoes in a greenhouse. The current water and fertilizer management optimization model research is changed from single method evaluation to a multi-attribute comprehensive evaluation system, and the influence of water and nitrogen regulation on crop yield, quality and resource utilization efficiency is systematically evaluated through the statistical methods such as integrated principal component analysis, TOPSIS, grey correlation degree, combination weight method and the like. Because of different calculation methods or artificial interference and other reasons, the evaluation result often has larger errors, which is unfavorable for actual production practice. Therefore, to solve the inconsistent problem of the calculation result of the single evaluation model, a highly objective and accurate evaluation result is obtained, the combination evaluation model is required to be adopted for evaluation, the subjectivity and the difference of the result of the single model are overcome, the objectivity and the accuracy of the decision are improved through the combination evaluation model, and scientific support is provided for the efficient and environment-friendly agricultural production. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a hierarchical evaluation water and fertilizer management method for yield and quality of tomatoes in a greenhouse, overcomes the defects of the prior art, builds an EWM-TOPSIS-AISM comprehensive evaluation model on the basis of field experiments, builds an optimal water and nitrogen supply mode based on water and nitrogen management of the tomatoes in the greenhouse in northeast area, and provides theoretical basis and technical support for establishment of accurate drip irrigation fertilization strategies of the tomatoes in the greenhouse in the northeast area. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: The hierarchical evaluation water and fertilizer management method for the yield and the quality of the tomatoes in the greenhouse sequentially comprises the steps of data collection, weight determination, sorting, grading and determining an optimal mode, wherein the weight determination adopts an integrated entropy weight method, the sorting adopts a TOPSIS model, the grading adopts a AISM model, and finally an EWM-TOPSIS-AISM comprehensive evaluation model is built, and the specific processing steps are as follows: 1) Data collection, determining a plurality of test plots according to different water and nitrogen conditions under the same greenhouse condition, and determining and recording specific indexes for subsequent comprehensive evaluation in the key growth period and the harvesting period of tomatoes; 2) The weight determination, namely objectively calculating each specific index measured in the step 1) by using an Entropy Weight Method (EWM), and the weight in a comprehensive evaluation system; 3) Sequencing, namely inputting standardized data processed by each specific index weight into a TOPSIS model, calculating the proximity of each process to an ideal solution, and performing preliminary sequencing; 4) Grading, namely generating a relation matrix and an reachable matrix according to standardized data of each specific