CN-121998276-A - Hydropower station site selection method and system based on GIS spatial analysis

CN121998276ACN 121998276 ACN121998276 ACN 121998276ACN-121998276-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydropower station site selection, and discloses a hydropower station site selection method and a hydropower station site selection system based on GIS space analysis, wherein the method adopts a natural node splitting strategy to split a river reach, calculates the runoff quantity, ensures the reservation of the river reach structure, optimizes the water resource allocation, improves the rationality and the resource utilization efficiency of hydropower station site selection, by combining with multi-source data such as topography, hydrology, geology, environmental constraint and the like, a layout scheme of the cascade hydropower station is deduced through automatic calculation and multi-round optimization, high-efficiency utilization of water resources and coordinated operation of a hydropower system are ensured, and longitudinal section diagrams of river planning schemes of different river sections are generated. The method can not only reduce the problems of error, scattered point selection results and low visualization degree, but also greatly improve site selection and planning efficiency, provide a scientific and accurate solution for hydropower development, and promote sustainable energy utilization.

Inventors

YU YONGQIANG
LU YOULIN
Wang Juncha
GUO SHIXIANG
JIAO JIN

Assignees

中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251120

Claims (10)

1. A hydropower station site selection method based on GIS space analysis is characterized by comprising the following steps: constructing a multi-source heterogeneous database related to water and electricity topography; Generating a river network of a research area based on the multi-source heterogeneous database, and determining a river water system vector diagram based on the river network of the research area; Carrying out river segment splitting treatment on the river water system vector diagram, calculating the average runoff of each river segment end, and determining all potential reservoir site points in the river water system vector diagram; performing spatial analysis on all potential reservoir site points and development limiting factors to obtain available potential reservoir site points; Determining a first-level library based on the available potential reservoir site points, the result of the river reach splitting treatment, the average runoff quantity of the tail end of each river reach and the first calculation parameters, and calculating the installed scale of the power station corresponding to each plant address scheme; Obtaining a hydropower station configuration scheme according to the installed scale of the power station; Analyzing the river channel utilization condition based on the hydropower station configuration scheme, and updating the hydropower station configuration scheme according to the analysis result; and providing comparison parameters for the hydropower station configuration scheme, and generating a longitudinal section diagram of the river planning scheme.
2. The method for locating a hydropower station based on GIS spatial analysis according to claim 1, wherein the constructing a multi-source heterogeneous database related to hydropower topography comprises: and constructing a multi-source heterogeneous database related to the hydro-electric topography according to the acquired topography data, river water system data, geological data and environment constraint data.
3. The method for locating a hydropower station based on GIS spatial analysis according to claim 1, wherein the generating a research area river network based on the multi-source heterogeneous database and determining a river system vector diagram based on the research area river network comprises: performing hydrologic analysis on data in the multi-source heterogeneous database, sequentially performing filling, flow direction analysis and confluence accumulation amount calculation, and then generating a river network of a research area; Based on a grid calculator, extracting a main river grid of a river network of a research area through a threshold value, and generating a river system vector line in a vectorization mode to obtain a final river system vector diagram.
4. The hydropower station location method based on GIS space analysis according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing a river segment splitting process on the river water system vector diagram to calculate an average diameter flow of each river segment end comprises the steps of: adopting a natural node splitting strategy, carrying out river segment division on a river water system vector diagram based on river junction points, reserving a natural river segment structure, and calculating the average runoff of the tail end of each river segment, wherein the average runoff is as follows: Wherein, the Is the confluence accumulation amount; is the effective precipitation amount; Is precipitation; Is a runoff coefficient; is the cell grid area; Time is; the state of each river reach is initially the river reach to be developed.
5. The method for locating a hydropower station based on GIS spatial analysis according to claim 1, wherein determining all potential reservoir site points in the river water system vector diagram comprises: According to the first calculation parameters, all river segments in the range of the river network of the research area are split according to the difference step length, all potential reservoir site points in the river water system vector diagram are calculated, and the multi-year average runoff of the reservoir surface and the control water collecting area thereof is generated under the following constraint conditions, wherein the average runoff is as follows: Wherein, the Is the dam length of the reservoir, Is the height of the dam of the reservoir, Is the height of the dam of the reservoir, For the maximum dam length allowed by the project, For the maximum dam height allowed by the project, Is the euclidean distance between two points, For two intersections of the dam axis with the same contour, For a land-based grid area, Is the height difference between the contour plane and the terrain, For the total number of grids in the range of the isosurface, In units of time (in units of time), Is reservoir site normal water storage level; the years average runoff for the control catchment area is calculated reservoir site as follows: Wherein, the The annual average runoff of the water collecting area is controlled for reservoir site; Is a runoff coefficient; is the radial flow depth; is the water collecting area; Time is; the first calculated parameters comprise maximum dam height, maximum dam length, lower limit of reservoir capacity, difference step length, contour line spacing and average flow depth for many years.
6. The GIS spatial analysis-based hydropower station site selection method according to claim 1, wherein after determining all potential reservoir site points in the river water system vector diagram, the method further comprises: And carrying out pairwise analysis and comparison on the potential reservoir site, calculating the height difference and the distance between every two reservoir site, if the height difference and the distance between the two are simultaneously larger than the set threshold value, reducing the step length of the difference value in the first calculation parameter by half, and carrying out point selection analysis on the area again until the height difference and the distance between the adjacent reservoir site points meet the set threshold value requirement.
7. The hydropower station location method based on GIS spatial analysis according to claim 1, wherein performing spatial analysis on all potential reservoir site points and development limiting factors to obtain available potential reservoir site points comprises: For reservoir site points located in the development limit area, first marking processing is performed, point location information of the first marked reservoir site points is reserved, and the first marked reservoir site points do not participate in subsequent analysis and calculation.
8. The hydropower station location method based on GIS spatial analysis according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining a hydropower station configuration scheme according to a installed scale of the hydropower station comprises: Screening according to the flow required by the hydroelectric site selection by using the river reach splitting result and the river reach runoff, and selecting from the river reach main flow in the selected river reach based on the second calculation parameters For the first stage reservoir site to begin deduction, the installed scale of the power station corresponding to each plant site scheme is calculated as follows: Wherein, the For the maximum water diversion distance, the water diversion device is provided with a water diversion channel, Is the minimum water conservancy gradient of the water, The installed scale of the hydropower station composed of reservoir site and the plant site, As the coefficient of the force to be exerted, Is the average diameter flow rate for a plurality of years, In order to generate a water head for power generation, Is a normal water storage level of reservoir site, For the elevation of the plant site, For the water diversion distance, the water diversion device is provided with a water diversion device, For the terrain modification factor, 、、、 The coordinate of the two-dimensional coordinate is reservoir site, Is the minimum hydraulic gradient of the hydraulic power, For the elevation difference between reservoir site and the factory floor, A linear distance reservoir site to the site; setting a diversion distance as a maximum radius by taking a first stage reservoir site as a center, defining an area taking the station as a core, and partitioning the area according to an equivalent radius of every N kilometers: ; Wherein, the In order to calculate the ratio of the installed to the priming distance, The installed scale of the hydropower station composed of reservoir site and the plant site, Is the water diversion distance; obtaining j hydropower station configuration schemes with a first stage reservoir site being reservoir site on a partition basis; Determining the plant address corresponding to each subordinate site according to j hydropower station configuration schemes; According to the arrangement and combination mode, different reservoir site are corresponding to the plant address, and the subordinate hydropower station is deduced to form a hydropower station configuration scheme; the second calculation parameters comprise a force output coefficient, a diversion distance, a differential distance, a loading capacity, a loading/diversion distance, a minimum water conservancy gradient and a water head utilization lower limit.
9. The hydropower station site selection method based on GIS space analysis according to claim 1, wherein the hydropower station configuration scheme based on the hydropower station configuration scheme performs river channel utilization condition analysis, and updates the hydropower station configuration scheme according to the analysis result, comprising: Analyzing the river channel utilization condition of all hydropower station configuration schemes to obtain undeveloped river reach in all schemes, identifying development limiting factors of the undeveloped river reach, if no potential reservoir site exists, identifying the river reach as an undeveloped river reach, if potential reservoir site exists, re-calculating the river reach to obtain hydropower station configuration schemes according to the installed scale of the power station, and obtaining newly added stations reservoir site according to the calculation Supplementing the current hydropower station configuration scheme; From the slave Starting to start a new round of loop traversal calculation at +1 reservoir site point until And repeating +1 and the dam address in the current calculation scheme until the final hydropower planning scheme is obtained.
10. Hydropower station site selection system based on GIS spatial analysis, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method according to any of the preceding claims 1-9 when executing the computer program.

Description

Hydropower station site selection method and system based on GIS spatial analysis Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower station site selection, in particular to a hydropower station site selection method and system based on GIS space analysis. Background With the increasing emphasis on energy conversion and low-carbon economy worldwide, hydroelectric power generation has become an important component for promoting green development in countries around the world as a clean and renewable energy source. The hydropower can effectively relieve energy supply pressure, reduce greenhouse gas emission, and assist power to achieve the aims of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization. In addition, hydropower has higher energy conversion efficiency and longer service life, and is an indispensable stable adjusting force in an electric power system. Therefore, the promotion of hydropower development has important strategic significance for promoting sustainable development, guaranteeing energy safety and improving environmental quality. Despite the great potential for hydropower development, hydropower station site selection still faces many challenges. Firstly, the traditional site selection method relies on manual experience and preliminary geographic data analysis, and is difficult to provide accurate site selection decisions under complex geographic environments and changeable hydrologic conditions, so that the efficiency is low and the error is large. Secondly, the site selection process often lacks an intelligent optimization means, multiple constraint factors (such as installed capacity, water diversion distance, environmental protection requirements and the like) in the hydropower project are ignored, global optimization is difficult to realize, and development potential cannot be utilized to the maximum extent. In addition, the cascade hydroelectric arrangement is not optimized enough and lacks a dynamic regulation mechanism, the whole benefit and the local influence of each cascade cannot be fully considered by the existing system, and the accuracy and the feasibility of the site selection decision are reduced. Therefore, the existing cascade hydropower station site selection method has the problems of data splitting and low efficiency. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a hydropower station site selection method and system based on GIS spatial analysis, which are used for solving the problems of data fracture, low efficiency, easy omission of high-quality resource sites, scattered site selection results and low visualization degree of the traditional cascade hydropower station site selection method in the prior art. In a first aspect, the present application provides a hydropower station location method based on GIS spatial analysis, including: constructing a multi-source heterogeneous database related to water and electricity topography; Generating a river network of a research area based on the multi-source heterogeneous database, and determining a river water system vector diagram based on the river network of the research area; Carrying out river segment splitting treatment on the river water system vector diagram, calculating the average runoff of each river segment end, and determining all potential reservoir site points in the river water system vector diagram; performing spatial analysis on all potential reservoir site points and development limiting factors to obtain available potential reservoir site points; Determining a first-level library based on the available potential reservoir site points, the result of the river reach splitting treatment, the average runoff quantity of the tail end of each river reach and the first calculation parameters, and calculating the installed scale of the power station corresponding to each plant address scheme; Obtaining a hydropower station configuration scheme according to the installed scale of the power station; Analyzing the river channel utilization condition based on the hydropower station configuration scheme, and updating the hydropower station configuration scheme according to the analysis result; and providing comparison parameters for the hydropower station configuration scheme, and generating a longitudinal section diagram of the river planning scheme. In a second aspect, the present application provides a hydropower station site selection system based on GIS spatial analysis, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the method according to the first aspect described above when executing the computer program. The invention has the following beneficial effects: According to the hydropower station site selection method based on GIS space analysis, a natural node splitting strategy is adopted to split a river reach, meanwhile, the runoff quantity is calculated, the water resource allocation is o