CN-121998285-A - Unmanned aerial vehicle spectrum diagnosis-based plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method and system

CN121998285ACN 121998285 ACN121998285 ACN 121998285ACN-121998285-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant nitrogen fertilizer management, and particularly relates to a plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method and system based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectrum diagnosis. The method comprises the steps of determining deviation between historical nitrogen content data and current nitrogen content data of a target plant, correcting an initial nitrogen absorption curve based on the deviation to generate a corrected nitrogen absorption curve, generating a recommended total amount of nitrogen fertilizer to be applied based on the corrected nitrogen absorption curve and nitrogen demand information of the target plant, and dividing the recommended total amount of nitrogen fertilizer to be applied into at least one dose to determine a corresponding adding time point. According to the invention, the accuracy of demand prediction is improved by dynamically calibrating the nitrogen absorption model, the accuracy of the total recommended fertilization amount is ensured by utilizing a verification mechanism, and the self-adaptive optimization of a fertilization plan is realized by means of a feedback correction closed loop, so that the fertilization effect is quantitatively evaluated and the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate is improved.

Inventors

LI CHANGNING
LI YANGRUI
NONG QIAN
HUANG XING
LUO TING
LIANG QIANG
MO ZHANGHONG
XIE JINLAN
SONG XIUPENG
LIN LI

Assignees

广西壮族自治区农业科学院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251209

Claims (10)

1. The plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectrum diagnosis is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Correcting an initial nitrogen absorption curve representing a historical nitrogen absorption trend based on the deviation between the historical nitrogen content data of the target plant and the current nitrogen content data to generate a corrected nitrogen absorption curve; generating a recommended total amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer based on the corrected nitrogen absorption curve and the nitrogen demand information of the target plant, dividing the recommended total amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer into at least one dose to determine a corresponding adding time point, calculating an effective nitrogen increment corresponding to the unit nitrogen fertilizer according to the monitored nitrogen content change of the target plant after the application of the nitrogen fertilizer is performed based on the adding time point, and correcting the adding time point according to the effective nitrogen increment to generate a corrected adding time point; The step of generating the recommended total nitrogen fertilizer based on the corrected nitrogen absorption curve and the nitrogen demand information of the target plant specifically comprises the steps of calculating the estimated total nitrogen to be added based on the initial nitrogen absorption upper limit and the nitrogen demand information, calculating the actual demand of the target plant according to the data in the stable absorption area, determining the recommended total nitrogen fertilizer based on the estimated total nitrogen to be added when the difference between the estimated total nitrogen to be added and the actual demand is smaller than a preset allowable deviation value, and otherwise determining the recommended total nitrogen fertilizer based on the actual demand.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining current nitrogen content data comprises determining an image acquisition path within an unmanned aerial vehicle flight area configured for the target plant, capturing images at a plurality of image acquisition points by the unmanned aerial vehicle flying along the acquisition path, processing the images to identify the target plant and obtaining current nitrogen content data.
3. The plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectrum diagnosis according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of comparing deviation between historical nitrogen content data and current nitrogen content data with a preset nitrogen screening threshold value, and judging the nitrogen absorption state of a target plant as abnormal if the deviation is larger than or equal to the nitrogen screening threshold value.
4. The plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectral diagnosis according to claim 1, wherein the step of correcting an initial nitrogen absorption curve representing a historical nitrogen absorption trend to generate a corrected nitrogen absorption curve comprises the steps of acquiring illumination intensity data, effective light collecting area data and temperature data of a target plant in a growth period, calculating first nitrogen absorption efficiency based on the illumination intensity data and the effective light collecting area data, calculating second nitrogen absorption efficiency based on the temperature data, determining an average value of the first nitrogen absorption efficiency and the second nitrogen absorption efficiency as overall nitrogen absorption efficiency, and determining model parameters for representing the initial nitrogen absorption curve based on the overall nitrogen absorption efficiency.
5. The plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectral diagnosis according to claim 1, wherein the step of generating the recommended total amount of nitrogen fertilizer to be applied further comprises dividing a growth stage of the target plant into a plurality of time periods, calculating a nitrogen absorption rate in each time period, and defining a current time period and a subsequent time period thereof as a stable absorption region if it is determined that the nitrogen absorption rate continuously decreases in at least two consecutive time periods.
6. The plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectrum diagnosis according to claim 1, wherein when the difference between the estimated total amount of nitrogen to be added and the actual demand is greater than or equal to an allowable deviation value, the step of determining the recommended total amount of nitrogen fertilizer to be applied based on the actual demand is replaced by the steps of correcting the estimated total amount of nitrogen to be added according to the difference between the estimated total amount of nitrogen to be added and the actual demand to obtain the primarily corrected total amount of nitrogen to be added, adjusting the primarily corrected total amount of nitrogen to be added according to the change range between the primarily corrected total amount of nitrogen to be added and the previously optimized total amount of nitrogen to be added to obtain the currently optimized total amount of nitrogen to be added, and determining the recommended total amount of nitrogen fertilizer to be applied based on the currently optimized total amount of nitrogen to be added.
7. The plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectral diagnosis according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the adding time point comprises adding an initial offset to the current time to determine the adding time point of a first dose, and accumulating preset time intervals on the basis of the adding time point of the previous dose to determine the adding time point of a later dose.
8. Plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation system based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectral diagnosis, characterized by comprising the following modules: The nitrogen state monitoring module is used for acquiring historical nitrogen content data and current nitrogen content data of the target plant; The fertilization recommendation generation module is used for responding to the data acquired by the nitrogen state monitoring module, determining the deviation between the historical nitrogen content data and the current nitrogen content data, and generating a nitrogen fertilizer recommendation scheme comprising at least one dosage and corresponding adding time points based on the deviation; And the fertilization effect evaluation module is used for calculating an effective nitrogen increment according to the monitored nitrogen content change of the target plant after the application of the nitrogen fertilizer is performed based on the nitrogen fertilizer recommended scheme, and correcting the adding time point according to the effective nitrogen increment so as to generate a corrected adding time point.
9. The plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation system based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectral diagnostics of claim 8, wherein the nitrogen state monitoring module obtains the current nitrogen content data by controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to collect images in an unmanned aerial vehicle flight area of the target plant, and processing the images to identify the target plant and obtain the current nitrogen content data thereof.
10. The plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation system based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectrum diagnosis according to claim 8, wherein the fertilization recommendation generation module is further used for comparing the deviation with a preset nitrogen screening threshold value, and judging the nitrogen absorption state of the target plant as abnormal if the deviation is greater than or equal to the nitrogen screening threshold value; The fertilization recommendation generation module is also used for calculating the estimated total amount of the nitrogen to be added and the actual demand when the nitrogenous fertilizer recommendation scheme is generated, and determining the recommended total amount of the nitrogenous fertilizer to be applied selectively according to the estimated total amount of the nitrogen to be added or the actual demand based on a comparison result of a difference value between the estimated total amount of the nitrogen to be added and the actual demand and a preset allowable deviation value.

Description

Unmanned aerial vehicle spectrum diagnosis-based plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method and system Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of plant nitrogen fertilizer management, and particularly relates to a plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method and system based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectrum diagnosis. Background Nitrogen is a key limiting element for crop growth, and its supply level directly determines the yield and quality of crops, so how to accurately apply nitrogen fertilizer is an issue in the current intelligent agriculture field. The conventional crop nitrogen fertilizer recommendation technology has defects and limitations, the conventional technology depends on static historical data or an empirical model, is estimated based on regional average fertilization amount or crop theoretical saturated absorption amount, the model ignores dynamic changes of nitrogen requirements of crops in an actual growth period, cannot account for comprehensive influences of factors such as soil conditions, illumination, temperature and humidity of specific plots and different growth stages of the crops, causes deviation between the recommended fertilization amount and the actual requirements of the crops, has poor applicability and accuracy, and the conventional diagnosis mode is time-consuming and labor-consuming, high in cost, cannot realize large-area and high-flux real-time monitoring, is difficult to perform differential and refined fertilization operation according to the spatial heterogeneity of the crop growth in the field, wastes the region with sufficient nitrogen, reduces the yield due to insufficient nutrients in the region with insufficient nitrogen, and can inhibit or reduce the utilization efficiency of the nitrogen fertilizer absorbed by the crops, and cause the water body to enter the soil or the soil with the surface to cause serious environmental threat of ecological plate soil and runoff. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a plant nitrogen fertilizer recommending method and system based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectrum diagnosis, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, certain deviation exists in the capability of evaluating the nitrogen fertilizer absorption capability of plants, and the recommended nitrogen fertilizer has poor applicability. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized by a plant nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method based on unmanned aerial vehicle spectrum diagnosis, which comprises the following steps: Correcting an initial nitrogen absorption curve representing a historical nitrogen absorption trend based on the deviation between the historical nitrogen content data of the target plant and the current nitrogen content data to generate a corrected nitrogen absorption curve; generating a recommended total amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer based on the corrected nitrogen absorption curve and the nitrogen demand information of the target plant, dividing the recommended total amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer into at least one dose to determine a corresponding adding time point, calculating an effective nitrogen increment corresponding to the unit nitrogen fertilizer according to the monitored nitrogen content change of the target plant after the application of the nitrogen fertilizer is performed based on the adding time point, and correcting the adding time point according to the effective nitrogen increment to generate a corrected adding time point; The step of generating the recommended total nitrogen fertilizer based on the corrected nitrogen absorption curve and the nitrogen demand information of the target plant specifically comprises the steps of calculating the estimated total nitrogen to be added based on the initial nitrogen absorption upper limit and the nitrogen demand information, calculating the actual demand of the target plant according to the data in the stable absorption area, determining the recommended total nitrogen fertilizer based on the estimated total nitrogen to be added when the difference between the estimated total nitrogen to be added and the actual demand is smaller than a preset allowable deviation value, and otherwise determining the recommended total nitrogen fertilizer based on the actual demand. Preferably, the step of acquiring the current nitrogen content data comprises determining an image acquisition path within a flight area of the unmanned aerial vehicle set for the target plant, acquiring images at a plurality of image acquisition points by flying the unmanned aerial vehicle along the acquisition path, processing the images to identify the target plant and acquiring the current nitrogen content data. Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of comparing deviation between the historical nitrogen content data and the current nitrogen content data with a preset nitrogen screening threshold