CN-121998401-A - Multi-scale evaluation system and method for geological risks along oil and gas pipelines in hilly area

CN121998401ACN 121998401 ACN121998401 ACN 121998401ACN-121998401-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-scale evaluation system and method for geological risks along oil and gas pipelines in hilly areas, wherein the multi-scale evaluation system comprises a first data acquisition module, a second data acquisition module, a first evaluation module and a second evaluation module, wherein the first data acquisition module is used for acquiring basic laying data of all the oil and gas pipelines in an area to be evaluated, the second data acquisition module is used for acquiring SAR image data along the oil and gas pipelines according to the basic laying data of the oil and gas pipelines, the first evaluation module is used for identifying geological risk occurrence points and geological risk hidden danger points according to remote sensing data and outputting preliminary evaluation results, and the second evaluation module is used for acquiring affected coefficients of the oil and gas pipelines and outputting geological risk grades based on the affected coefficients. According to the method, through hot spot area screening, the evaluation efficiency and accuracy are improved, the geological risk situation of the oil and gas pipeline along the line is predicted and evaluated finally, and the evaluation result is matched with the geological influence of the oil and gas pipeline actually.

Inventors

LUO JIAHUI
HU CHANGQUAN
XIAO CHANGJIU
ZHANG CHEN
HUANG JINGCAI
ZHOU WENHONG

Assignees

中国石油天然气股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20241106

Claims (10)

1. A hilly area oil and gas pipeline along-line geological risk multiscale evaluation system, comprising: The first data acquisition module is used for acquiring basic laying data of all the oil and gas pipelines in the area to be evaluated; the second data acquisition module is used for processing SAR image data to select a hot spot area based on the InSAR technology according to basic laying data of the oil and gas pipeline and acquiring SAR image data along the oil and gas pipeline; The first evaluation module is used for collecting remote sensing data of the hot spot area based on the LiDAR technology, identifying geological risk occurrence points and geological risk hidden danger points according to the remote sensing data, and outputting a preliminary evaluation result; The second evaluation module comprises a monitoring unit and a processing unit, wherein the monitoring unit is used for monitoring deformation data of the oil and gas pipeline in the hot spot area, the processing unit is used for acquiring affected coefficients of the oil and gas pipeline by combining the deformation data of the oil and gas pipeline in the hot spot area and a preliminary evaluation result of the oil and gas pipeline in the corresponding hot spot area, and outputting geological risk grades based on the affected coefficients.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the base lay data comprises a type of hydrocarbon pipeline lay, a path, and altitude, topography, and objective influencing factors along the hydrocarbon pipeline, the type of hydrocarbon pipeline lay comprises underground lay and overhead lay, each point along the hydrocarbon pipeline is obtained from a depth from the ground if the type of hydrocarbon pipeline lay is underground lay, and each point along the hydrocarbon pipeline is obtained from a height from the ground if the type of hydrocarbon pipeline lay is overhead lay.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing the SAR image data based on the InSAR technique to select the hot spot region comprises: According to basic laying data of the oil and gas pipeline, an SAR image data coverage area is adjusted to enable the oil and gas pipeline to be covered in SAR image data along the line, and the resolution of SAR image data around the oil and gas pipeline along the line meets a threshold; Preprocessing and interference processing are carried out on SAR image data around the oil and gas pipeline line, an interference image is generated, and a region with the phase difference higher than a threshold value in the interference image is selected as a hot spot region.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein identifying the geological risk occurrence point and the geological risk hidden danger point based on the remote sensing data comprises: Preprocessing remote sensing data, namely radiometric calibration, geometric correction and denoising; Extracting feature information related to geological risks from the preprocessed remote sensing data; And carrying out preliminary identification on geological risk occurrence points and geological risk hidden danger points according to the basic laying data of the oil and gas pipeline and the characteristic information related to geological risk.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the monitoring unit comprises at least two fixing parts fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the oil and gas pipeline in the hot spot area, a monitoring groove is formed in the side wall, which is in contact with the outer side wall of the oil and gas pipeline, of the fixing parts, a plurality of telescopic monitoring rings are arranged in the monitoring groove, the monitoring rings are made of elastic deformation materials, the monitoring rings are in an extrusion deformation state in an initial state, a pressure strain gauge is fixedly connected in the fixing parts, and the pressure strain gauge is arranged on the telescopic stroke of the monitoring rings; the device also comprises a limiting part, wherein the limiting part is inserted into the monitoring ring of the adjacent oil and gas pipeline, and the limiting part of the monitoring ring is limited to be not contacted with the pressure strain gauge in the initial state; The device also comprises a controller and a positioning module, wherein the controller is in signal connection with the pressure strain gauge and the positioning module, and is used for predicting deformation data of the oil gas pipeline covered by the fixing part based on an electric signal generated by the pressure strain gauge and sending the position information acquired by the positioning module.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the deformation data of the oil and gas pipeline comprises a deformation direction, a deformation amount, and a deformation speed; The controller is used for predicting the deformation direction of the oil-gas pipeline according to the positions of the pressure strain gauges generating electric signals, predicting the deformation quantity of the oil-gas pipeline according to the electric signals generated by the pressure strain gauges, and predicting the deformation speed of the oil-gas pipeline according to the change speed of the electric signals generated by the pressure strain gauges.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the step of evaluating results comprises a soil area deformation width, a soil area deformation depth and a soil area deformation length, comparing the deformation direction, deformation amount and deformation speed of the oil and gas pipeline with the matching degree of the soil area deformation width, the soil area deformation depth and the soil area deformation length, and outputting the affected coefficient of the oil and gas pipeline according to the matching degree.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the fixed parts are arranged in a number proportional to the deformation length of the soil area, and the limiting parts cover the oil and gas pipelines corresponding to the deformation length of the soil area.
9. The multi-scale evaluation method for the geological risk of the oil and gas pipeline along the line in the hilly area is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, acquiring basic laying data of all oil and gas pipelines in an area to be evaluated; S2, according to basic laying data of the oil and gas pipeline, collecting SAR image data along the oil and gas pipeline, and processing the SAR image data to select a hot spot area based on an InSAR technology; s3, acquiring remote sensing data of a hot spot area based on a LiDAR technology, identifying geological risk occurrence points and geological risk hidden danger points according to the remote sensing data, and outputting a preliminary evaluation result; and S4, monitoring deformation data of the oil and gas pipeline in the hot spot area, acquiring affected coefficients of the oil and gas pipeline according to the deformation data of the oil and gas pipeline in the hot spot area and the preliminary evaluation result of the oil and gas pipeline in the corresponding hot spot area, and outputting geological risk level based on the affected coefficients.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the deformation data of the oil and gas pipeline comprises deformation direction, deformation amount and deformation speed, and the preliminary evaluation result comprises soil area deformation width, soil area deformation depth and soil area deformation length; and comparing the deformation direction, deformation quantity and deformation speed of the oil and gas pipeline with the deformation width of the soil area, the deformation depth of the soil area and the deformation length of the soil area, and outputting the affected coefficient of the oil and gas pipeline according to the matching degree.

Description

Multi-scale evaluation system and method for geological risks along oil and gas pipelines in hilly area Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas transportation, in particular to a multi-scale evaluation system and a multi-scale evaluation method for geological risks along an oil and gas pipeline in a hilly area. Background The oil gas pipeline is one of the most important energy source conveying modes at present, and for various reasons, the oil gas pipeline may have to be arranged in areas with high geological risks, particularly in hilly areas, the terrain is complex, landslides, ground subsidence and other geological disasters are easy to occur, and the oil gas pipeline is damaged or broken. Once the oil gas pipeline is damaged or broken to cause oil gas leakage of pipeline transportation, normal operation of an oil gas pipe network is affected, and safety accidents can be possibly caused. The method has the advantages that the geological risk along the oil and gas pipeline is effectively evaluated, the influence of disasters on the oil and gas pipeline network can be reduced, safety accidents are avoided, and the conventional geological risk monitoring survey along the oil and gas pipeline is mainly used for establishing ground monitoring such as GPS, geodetic precision measurement, deep displacement monitoring and the like on the heavy point area on the basis of manual inspection. However, the difficulty of manual inspection is high due to complex topography in hilly areas, and the risk assessment is not suitable for large-scale oil and gas pipelines along the line. The satellite optical remote sensing technology can be effectively applied to the risk assessment of the oil and gas pipelines along the line in a large range, but is limited by the influence of the accuracy, the risk assessment can be accurately carried out only in the region which has obvious change, and in addition, the accuracy of geological risk assessment of the oil and gas pipelines is limited due to the lack of consideration of the interaction relationship between the oil and gas pipelines and surrounding soil. In view of the foregoing, there is a need for a multi-scale evaluation system and method for evaluating the geological risk of an oil and gas pipeline along a hilly area, which is used for accurately evaluating the risk of the oil and gas pipeline along the hilly area. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a multi-scale evaluation system and a multi-scale evaluation method for geological risks along an oil and gas pipeline in a hilly area, which are used for accurately evaluating the geological risks along the oil and gas pipeline in the hilly area. In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: In one aspect, a system for multi-scale assessment of geological risk along a hilly area oil and gas pipeline is provided, comprising: The first data acquisition module is used for acquiring basic laying data of all the oil and gas pipelines in the area to be evaluated; the second data acquisition module is used for processing SAR image data to select a hot spot area based on the InSAR technology according to basic laying data of the oil and gas pipeline and acquiring SAR image data along the oil and gas pipeline; The first evaluation module is used for collecting remote sensing data of the hot spot area based on the LiDAR technology, identifying geological risk occurrence points and geological risk hidden danger points according to the remote sensing data, and outputting a preliminary evaluation result; The second evaluation module comprises a monitoring unit and a processing unit, wherein the monitoring unit is used for monitoring deformation data of the oil and gas pipeline in the hot spot area, the processing unit is used for acquiring affected coefficients of the oil and gas pipeline by combining the deformation data of the oil and gas pipeline in the hot spot area and a preliminary evaluation result of the oil and gas pipeline in the corresponding hot spot area, and outputting geological risk grades based on the affected coefficients. Further, the basic laying data comprise the type and the path of the oil and gas pipeline laying, the altitude, the terrain and the objective influence factors along the oil and gas pipeline, the type of the oil and gas pipeline laying comprises underground laying and overhead laying, the depth of each point along the oil and gas pipeline from the ground is obtained when the type of the oil and gas pipeline laying is underground laying, and the height of each point along the oil and gas pipeline from the ground is obtained when the type of the oil and gas pipeline laying is overhead laying. Further, processing the SAR image data to select a hot spot region based on the InSAR technology comprises the following steps: According to basic laying data of the oil and gas pipeline, an SAR image da