CN-121998686-A - Pricing method for shared energy storage capacity lease and energy transaction mechanism

CN121998686ACN 121998686 ACN121998686 ACN 121998686ACN-121998686-A

Abstract

The invention provides a pricing method of a shared energy storage capacity lease and energy transaction mechanism, which comprises the steps of firstly providing an operation mode of capacity lease and energy transaction of a shared energy storage operator, establishing an objective function by the shared energy storage operator with the maximization of self-income as a target, wherein the objective function comprises energy transaction income, capacity lease income and loss cost of energy storage charge and discharge, establishing an objective function by a new energy station with the maximization of self-income as a target, comprising power generation grid-connected income, energy storage energy trade cost, energy storage capacity lease cost, power grid output deviation assessment penalty and power abandon cost, and establishing a two-stage model for solving in order to consider the income of the shared energy storage operator and the energy storage service cost of the new energy station.

Inventors

CHEN LAIJUN
SU XIAOLING
CUI SEN
FANG BAOMIN

Assignees

青海大学
清华四川能源互联网研究院
国网青海省电力公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251224

Claims (6)

1. A pricing method for sharing energy storage capacity lease and energy transaction mechanism is characterized by comprising the following steps: a. Construction of operation modes The centralized shared energy storage power station is independently invested, constructed and operated by a third party energy storage operator, the new energy station starts from the aim of reducing the power generation output deviation and improving the new energy consumption, the energy storage capacity lease and the energy transaction demands are reported to the shared energy storage operator by combining the self output characteristics, the energy storage operator provides shared energy storage capacity lease and energy sharing service for the station through the distribution and the scheduling of energy storage resources after summarizing the declared capacity and the energy demands of each new energy station, The daily transaction process of the shared energy storage service is divided into two phases, wherein the first phase is the resource allocation of energy storage between capacity lease and energy transaction service, and the second phase is the bidding and winning result of the energy storage shared service requirement on the basis of the resource allocation, so as to complete daily transaction contract of the shared energy storage service; b. Construction of pricing mechanism (1) A capacity lease pricing strategy based on lease duration, (2) Energy transaction pricing policies based on supply-to-demand ratios; c. Construction of new energy station energy storage demand decision model The day-ahead scheduling benefits of the new energy station i comprise power generation grid-connected benefits, energy storage energy transaction cost, energy storage capacity lease cost, power grid output deviation assessment penalty and power discarding cost, namely: in the formula, The revenue is scheduled for the day-ahead of the new energy station i, Respectively represents the power generation grid-connected electricity selling income, the energy storage energy transaction cost, the energy storage capacity lease cost, the output deviation punishment cost and the electricity discarding cost of the station, For the grid-connected power of the new energy station i in the t period, For the electricity selling price of the grid connection, The first term of the lease cost of the energy storage capacity is fixed lease cost related to the lease capacity, the second term is variable lease cost related to lease duration, when the actual grid-connected power of the new energy station is lower than the predicted grid-connected power, the output deviation penalty is paid to the power grid according to the difference between the actual grid-connected power and the predicted power, wherein, The generation power is predicted for the day before of the new energy station i, Penalty cost of unit output deviation power is obtained, when the actual power generation capacity of new energy is higher than the planned grid-connected power due to output deviation of wind power and photovoltaic, the station needs to reduce the actual output by adjusting the working state of a generator, equipment loss cost and the like generated in the adjusting process are modeled as power discarding cost, wherein, Is the cost of discarding the electricity per unit power, Representing the abandoned electric power of the new energy station i in the t period; d. energy storage resource allocation and winning bid decision model construction of energy storage operator The day-ahead scheduling benefits of the energy storage operators comprise energy trade benefits and capacity lease benefits, and also comprise loss costs of energy storage charging and discharging, namely: in the formula, For the total revenue of the energy storage operator, 、 The energy storage operators are provided with the benefits obtained by the energy sharing and capacity rental services respectively, To save the energy consumption cost caused by charge and discharge, 、 Charging and discharging power actually provided to the station i by the energy storage operator respectively; the method comprises the steps that in the capacity lease requirement of a station i on an energy storage unit u, the number of lease periods of actual winning bid is represented; 、 the actual charge and discharge power of the energy storage operators, Cost per unit power loss; e. Model linearization process The large M method is utilized to carry out linearization treatment on the model by introducing a plurality of auxiliary variables, thereby realizing accurate solution on the model, The shared energy storage capacity lease cost of station i is: Wherein: 、 are all nonlinear terms, require equivalent transformation respectively, (1) The lease period includes the number of periods Transformation of (2) First mark lease period The time period contained in the machine set combination theory is used for referencing the processing of start-stop constraint in the machine set combination theory, and Boolean variables for marking the beginning and the end of the lease period are respectively introduced And If and only if station i begins leasing energy storage unit u during period t With a value of 1, station i no longer leases energy storage unit u during time t The value is 1, and at the moment, the total number of lease periods of the station i to the energy storage unit u Can also be used The expression is that: Wherein: representing a constant of an order of magnitude larger, 、、 The meaning is that the variable is marked when the lease is not over When the value is 0, the variable is Based on rental status variables The number with the value of 1 is counted up, and the flag bit is the flag bit only at the end of the lease period When the value is 1, the time period counting variable is emptied Thereby realizing the lease periods And the number of included time periods, (2) Capacity lease cost function linearization Will be Substituting, paying the second item of lease cost according to lease duration, the item can be converted into Wherein And Are nonlinear terms, require further transformation, and first introduce auxiliary variables Order-making The term may be equivalently translated into: then introducing auxiliary variable Order-making The term may be equivalently translated into: Wherein: 、 are integer variables, so that the MILP model of the new energy station side can be obtained, and the model can be accurately solved.
2. A method for pricing a shared energy-storage-capacity lease and energy transaction mechanism according to claim 1, wherein in step a, the two phases are as follows: (1) Resource allocation phase In the first stage, the energy storage operator will decide to share the resource allocation results of energy storage between the two services of capacity lease and energy trade. The energy storage operator informs each new energy station of the single capacity of the energy storage units available for lease in advance, the stations report demand information to the energy storage operator after deciding on lease demands for the energy storage units of different capacity types and energy transaction demands for shared energy storage, the operator decides and optimizes the capacity of energy storage resources allocated between capacity lease and energy transaction from the viewpoint of maximizing energy storage operation benefit, and simultaneously determines the number of each energy storage unit used for providing capacity lease service, thereby completing the allocation process of energy storage capacity resources, (2) Decision multiple bid-winning outcome stage On the basis of the energy storage resource allocation result obtained in the first stage, the new energy station and the energy storage operator respectively make multiple bidding and winning decisions on shared energy storage demands, the station determines the lease capacity and lease period demands of the new bidding of the station according to the latest winning conditions of the energy storage units issued by the energy storage operator, the energy storage operator determines the capacity lease winning result of the station according to the history winning results after summarizing the bidding demands of each station, meanwhile, the energy storage operator also utilizes the complementary characteristics between the energy demands of each station to complete the direct transaction between the stations and provide indirect sharing of energy to the stations through energy storage charging or discharging, When each station no longer puts forward new capacity lease bidding requirements or the energy storage operator no longer meets the new bidding requirements, the multi-round bidding-bidding decision stage is ended, and after the historical round bidding decision results are summarized, the energy storage operator and the new energy station sign a shared energy storage day-ahead transaction contract based on capacity lease and energy transaction service.
3. A method for pricing a shared energy storage capacity lease and energy transaction mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step b, a capacity lease pricing strategy based on lease duration is as follows: In a capacity lease mode based on continuous time periods, lease fees born by the new energy station are determined by the capacity and lease duration of leased energy storage units, the total number of the energy storage units is U, and the total number is recorded The rated capacity and rated power of the energy storage unit u are respectively as follows And . The total lease period number of the station i to the energy storage unit u is set as Numbering for each lease Representation, record . The energy storage unit u has a capacity unit price and a lease unit price of respectively in the first lease period And Providing a capacity lease time unit price pricing strategy based on lease time, wherein the more lease time is included in the lease time, the lower the lease time is in the period, so that a station is stimulated to improve the time continuity of energy storage lease requirements, and the specific relationship can be expressed as : In the formula, Indicating that station i was at lease The total number of lease periods contained therein, And The first order term coefficient and the constant term of the segment rental price function are respectively.
4. A method for pricing a shared energy storage capacity lease and energy transaction mechanism according to claim 1, wherein in said step b, an energy transaction pricing strategy based on a supply-to-demand ratio is specified as follows: In the shared energy storage energy trading service, the new energy station can directly report the charging or discharging power demand of each period to the energy storage operator based on the deviation between the predicted value of the generated power and the actual generated power, and after the energy storage operator sums the power demand of each new energy station, the energy storage operator makes a charging and discharging scheduling plan of the energy storage resource for the energy trading service so as to meet the power regulation demand of the station, and establishes And The charging and discharging power demands respectively set by station i to the energy storage operator during the t-th period, Can be expressed as : The more the charging power, the more the corresponding energy supply The higher the opposite The lower the level of the water in the tank, In the formula, And Charging/discharging electricity prices of energy storage at the time t are respectively; And Respectively charging and discharging electricity price reference values; And Constant coefficients in pricing policies for energy transactions.
5. A method for pricing a shared energy storage capacity lease and energy transaction mechanism according to claim 1, wherein in step c, The constraint condition consists of state of charge constraint of the leasing energy storage unit, power balance constraint, power constraint of the leasing energy storage unit, capacity leasing bidding decision mutual exclusion constraint and new energy station power rejection rate constraint, (1) State of charge constraints for leased energy storage units In order to avoid serious life loss of energy storage caused by overcharge or overdischarge, the state of charge of the energy storage unit needs to be limited, namely: Wherein: Representing the state of charge of the energy storage unit u during rental of station i, And Respectively representing the charge and discharge efficiency, the charge state range of the energy storage unit u needs to be restrained, wherein And Representing the lower and upper limits of the state of charge of the energy storage unit u, To describe the boolean variable of the rental status of the energy storage unit u for the t-th period for station i, when the value is 1, it indicates that there is a rental demand, otherwise there is no rental demand, (2) Power constraint of leased energy storage unit In order to avoid serious life loss of energy storage caused by overcharge or overdischarge, the state of charge of the energy storage unit needs to be limited, namely: (3) Power balance constraint Wherein: Represents the generatable power of the new energy station i in the period t, And Respectively representing the charging and discharging schedule power requirements of station i for leased energy storage unit u during period t, (4) Capacity lease bidding decision mutual exclusion constraint Setting the historical bid-winning result of station i as There are the following constraints: wherein Boolean variable is used Indicating a historical lease bid-winning result of station j for energy storage unit u during a t-th period, thereby avoiding a conflict between station i and station j in a lease bid-winning decision, (5) New energy station power rejection rate constraint The amount of wind and light abandoned by the station during the dispatch period should satisfy the following constraints: Wherein: indicating the power rejection rate, i.e. requiring the sum of all time periods of power rejection to be no more than the duty ratio in the sum of the power that can be generated 。
6. A method for pricing a shared energy storage capacity lease and energy transaction mechanism according to claim 1, wherein in step d, The constraint condition consists of energy storage resource allocation constraint, capacity lease winning time period coupling constraint, energy storage charge state constraint and energy storage energy transaction charge and discharge power constraint, (1) Energy storage resource allocation constraints When energy storage participates in energy sharing transaction, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage does not exceed the rated power of the energy storage, and the energy storage cannot exceed the net load requirement of all user energy transaction, namely: Wherein: for the energy storage rated capacity, -Providing an energy storage rated capacity for providing energy transaction services; For the purpose of energy storage and rated power, For the rated power of the energy storage unit u for providing the energy transaction service, Whether the energy storage is used for providing capacity lease or energy transaction service, the capacity and the power of the energy storage all need to meet the capacity-power multiplying power condition of the original energy storage, namely: Wherein: As a capacity-power factor of the power, (2) Capacity lease winning bid period coupling constraints The capacity lease requirement reported by the energy storage user to the energy storage operator has lease period continuous characteristics, namely lease period The time period included in the system has the bid-winning requirement of AND, namely the concept of packing as a lease package, when the energy storage operator decides whether to rent the energy storage capacity to the energy storage user, the energy storage operator can only select all time periods in the lease period to bid, or all time periods are not bid-winning, but the energy storage operator cannot only meet the capacity lease requirement of part of the time periods, and the energy storage operator uses Description of the first embodiment The bid-winning period is not winning when the value of the boolean variable is 1, and if not winning is not winning, meanwhile, when the energy storage operator decides the winning condition of the capacity lease, the energy storage operator needs to ensure that each new energy station cannot conflict with the winning period of the capacity lease of the energy storage, namely the energy storage unit u can only be leased by one station in the period t, in addition, in the process of multi-round bidding, the winning decision cannot conflict with the historical winning result, and the constraint conditions can be expressed as follows: Wherein: Indicating the status of the rental of station i to the energy storage unit u during period t, a value of 1 indicating rental, a value of 0 indicating non-rental, To describe the boolean variable for the status of the historical lease bid, a value of 1 indicates that the historical bid has been leased, otherwise the status is idle, (3) Energy storage state of charge constraints The state of charge of the stored energy also needs to meet the corresponding limit constraints when it is charged and discharged by providing energy trading services, as follows: Wherein: to store the state of charge during period t, And Respectively the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the energy storage charge state, (4) Stored energy trading charge-discharge power constraints When energy storage participates in energy sharing transaction, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage does not exceed the rated power of the energy storage, and the energy storage cannot exceed the net load requirement of all user energy transaction, namely: Wherein: Indicating that a larger value is taken between x and 0.

Description

Pricing method for shared energy storage capacity lease and energy transaction mechanism Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of novel energy sources, and particularly relates to a shared energy storage pricing method. Background The complementarity and the difference of the shared energy storage utilization to the energy storage demand can improve the energy storage utilization efficiency and reduce the operation cost, thereby achieving the aims of cost reduction and synergy, and being an important path for the large-scale development of the assisted energy storage industry. In the early stage of the development of the shared energy storage, the exploration of the service mode has important significance for promoting the practical landing application of the shared energy storage. At present, in the research of a shared energy storage service mode, the resource allocation in a single sharing mode is mainly focused, the demands of energy storage users such as new energy stations and the like on the multi-form shared service mode are ignored, meanwhile, in the capacity lease service, a lease mode with a complete scheduling day as a fixed lease period is mainly adopted, the service demands of users on short lease are difficult to meet, and the scheduling flexibility and the utilization efficiency advantages of shared energy storage cannot be highlighted. In summary, two-stage transaction mechanisms based on time-slot leasing energy storage capacity and energy sharing are proposed, and differentiated pricing for each service mode is necessary. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a pricing method for sharing energy storage capacity lease and energy transaction mechanisms aiming at the technical problems. Firstly, an operation mode of capacity lease + energy transaction of a shared energy storage operator is provided, an interactive pricing process between the shared energy storage operator and a new energy station is described, and secondly, a two-stage model is established for solving in order to consider both the benefits of the shared energy storage operator and the energy storage service cost of the new energy station. The technical solution adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: A pricing method for sharing energy storage capacity lease and energy transaction mechanism includes the following steps: a. Construction of operation modes The centralized shared energy storage power station is independently invested, constructed and operated by a third party energy storage operator, the new energy station starts from the aim of reducing the power generation output deviation and improving the new energy consumption, the energy storage capacity lease and the energy transaction demands are reported to the shared energy storage operator by combining the self output characteristics, the energy storage operator provides shared energy storage capacity lease and energy sharing service for the station through the distribution and the scheduling of energy storage resources after summarizing the declared capacity and the energy demands of each new energy station, The daily transaction process of the shared energy storage service is divided into two phases, wherein the first phase is the resource allocation of energy storage between capacity lease and energy transaction service, and the second phase is the bidding and winning result of the energy storage shared service requirement on the basis of the resource allocation, so as to complete daily transaction contract of the shared energy storage service; b. Construction of pricing mechanism (1) A capacity lease pricing strategy based on lease duration, (2) Energy transaction pricing policies based on supply-to-demand ratios; c. Construction of new energy station energy storage demand decision model The day-ahead scheduling benefits of the new energy station i comprise power generation grid-connected benefits, energy storage energy transaction cost, energy storage capacity lease cost, power grid output deviation assessment penalty and power discarding cost, namely: in the formula, The revenue is scheduled for the day-ahead of the new energy station i,Respectively represents the power generation grid-connected electricity selling income, the energy storage energy transaction cost, the energy storage capacity lease cost, the output deviation punishment cost and the electricity discarding cost of the station,For the grid-connected power of the new energy station i in the t period,And selling electricity price for grid connection. The first term of the lease cost of the energy storage capacity is fixed lease cost related to the lease capacity, the second term is variable lease cost related to lease duration, when the actual grid-connected power of the new energy station is lower than the predicted grid-connected power, the output deviation penalty is paid to the power grid according to the difference between the