CN-121999569-A - Fire smoke detector, and smoke detection method, equipment and medium thereof

CN121999569ACN 121999569 ACN121999569 ACN 121999569ACN-121999569-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire smoke detector and a smoke detection method, equipment and medium thereof, and relates to the technical field of fire smoke particle identification.A scattering characteristic simulation is performed on a scattering signal to find an optimal scattering angle, and then the position of the fire smoke detector is adjusted according to the optimal scattering angle so as to prevent the intensity of a large-angle scattering signal from being submerged by the intensity of a small-angle scattering signal; and obtaining the power value of each light emitting source, and comparing and judging the power ratio with a typical aerosol standard curve to distinguish combustion particles from non-combustion particles and equalize the response sensitivity of black smoke and white smoke.

Inventors

WANG HAIBIN
QIAN WEI
BAI XUEYING
LI JINHAO
GU BOTAO
ZHANG QIAN
Long Xiuhuang
WANG LUYAO
LIU QUANYI
DENG LI

Assignees

中国民用航空飞行学院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260410

Claims (10)

1. A fire smoke detector, comprising: A smoke maze; The smoke maze comprises a maze measuring cavity (1), and a blue light emitting source (2), an infrared light receiving end (5), a green light emitting source (3), an infrared light emitting source (4) and a blue-green light receiving end (6) which are sequentially distributed around the cavity wall of the maze measuring cavity (1); The infrared light emitting source (4) and the infrared light receiving end (5) form forward scattering, and the blue light emitting source (2), the green light emitting source (3) and the blue-green light receiving end (6) form backward scattering; And the photoelectric conversion circuit is used for converting the light path signals acquired by the infrared light receiving end (5) and the blue-green light receiving end (6) into power values.
2. A smoke detection method for a fire smoke detector according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: collecting scattering signals in real time; Performing scattering characteristic simulation on the scattering signals, and determining an optimal scattering angle according to a result of the scattering characteristic simulation; Performing angle adjustment on the fire smoke detector according to the optimal scattering angle, and controlling the lighting of each light emitting diode in the fire smoke detector after the angle adjustment to obtain a blue light power value of a blue light emitting source (2), an infrared light power value of an infrared light emitting source (4) and a green light power value of a green light emitting source (3); The ratio of the infrared light power value to the blue light power value is marked as a first power ratio, and the ratio of the infrared light power value to the green light power value is marked as a second power ratio; And acquiring a typical aerosol standard curve, comparing and judging the first power ratio, the second power ratio and the typical aerosol standard curve, and determining the smoke type according to a comparison and judgment result.
3. A smoke detection method for a fire smoke detector according to claim 2, wherein the scattering characteristics of the scattering signals are simulated, and the optimum scattering angle is determined based on the result of the scattering characteristics simulation, comprising the steps of: Converting an initial Soxhlet particle size calculation formula into a scattering signal intensity formula based on Mie theory, sauter theory and three-section theory; Constructing a conversion coefficient formula considering particle size distribution, refractive index and scattering angle, and optimizing the scattering signal intensity formula by using the conversion coefficient formula to obtain a Soxhlet particle size calculation formula; And calculating the Soxhlet average particle size by using the Soxhlet particle size calculation formula, obtaining a standard aerosol parameter, and calculating the standard aerosol parameter and the Soxhlet average particle size to obtain a minimized relative standard deviation for determining the optimal scattering angle.
4. A smoke detection method for a fire smoke detector according to claim 3, wherein optimizing the scatter signal intensity formula using the conversion coefficient formula to obtain a calculation formula of the sauter particle size comprises: In the formula (I), in the formula (II), Represents the sauter mean particle size; respectively representing scattering angles of the middle wave band, the short wave band and the long wave band; Represents the particle size distribution, m represents the refractive index; PS, PU and PV respectively represent scattering intensities of middle wave band, short wave and long wave, D represents particle diameter, Represents the wavelength of incident light, D (D) represents differentiation of the particle diameter, Representing the intensity of the long-wave scattered light, Representing the intensity of the short-wave scattered light, Representing the conversion coefficient between particle diameter and scattered light intensity of the particulate matter.
5. A smoke detection method for a fire smoke detector according to claim 4, wherein obtaining standard aerosol parameters, calculating said standard aerosol parameters and said sauter mean particle size, comprises: Wherein RSD represents the relative standard deviation; Represents the true sauter mean particle size, and K represents a typical aerosol species.
6. The smoke detection method of a fire smoke detector according to claim 2, wherein controlling the lighting of each light emitting diode in the fire smoke detector after the angle adjustment to obtain a blue light power value of the blue light emitting source (2), an infrared light power value of the infrared light emitting source (4), and a green light power value of the green light emitting source (3) comprises: The infrared light emitting source (4) is always lighted, the blue light emitting source (2) is modulated to 1kHz, the green light emitting source (3) is modulated to 2kHz, and the modulated blue light emitting source (2) and the green light emitting source (3) are lighted alternately; When the blue light luminous source (2) is lightened, an infrared light receiving end (5) collects an infrared light path signal of the infrared light luminous source (4), a blue-green light receiving end (6) collects a blue light path signal of the blue light luminous source (2), and the infrared light path signal and the blue light path signal are converted into an infrared light power value and a blue light power value through a photoelectric conversion circuit; when the green light emitting source (3) is lightened, an infrared light receiving end (5) collects infrared light path signals of the infrared light emitting source (4), a blue-green light receiving end (6) collects green light path signals of the green light emitting source (3), and the infrared light path signals and the green light path signals are converted into infrared light power values and green light power values through a photoelectric conversion circuit.
7. A smoke detection method for a fire smoke detector according to claim 2, wherein obtaining a typical aerosol standard curve, comparing the first power ratio, the second power ratio and the typical aerosol standard curve comprises: Extracting a first judgment value and a second judgment value from the typical aerosol standard curve; Comparing the first judgment value with the first power ratio, and comparing the second judgment value with the second power ratio: and when the first power ratio is larger than the first judgment value and the second power ratio is larger than the second judgment value, judging that aerosol appears in the labyrinth measuring cavity (1).
8. A smoke detection method for a fire smoke detector according to claim 7, wherein the judging of the presence of aerosol in the labyrinth measuring chamber (1) further comprises: Comparing the first power ratio to the second power ratio: and when the first power ratio is larger than the second power ratio and smaller than 1.8, the aerosol is fire smoke particles, otherwise, the aerosol is interference aerosol.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing a smoke detection method of a fire smoke detector according to any one of claims 2 to 8 when the computer program is executed.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements a smoke detection method of a fire smoke detector according to any one of claims 2 to 8.

Description

Fire smoke detector, and smoke detection method, equipment and medium thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of fire smoke particle identification, in particular to a fire smoke detector, and a smoke detection method, equipment and medium thereof. Background In the field of fire safety, a fire detection technology is used as a key link for realizing early warning and fire prevention and control, and the core of the fire detection technology is precise identification of smoke particles. At present, a single-wavelength or dual-wavelength optical sensor is widely adopted in the industry as a detection means of smoke particles, but in a complex and changeable practical application environment, the traditional technologies expose various performance defects, and the accuracy, reliability and effectiveness of fire detection are severely restricted. Single wavelength optical sensors typically employ a fixed wavelength light source in the near infrared band to detect particle scattering signals. However, the scattering characteristics of non-fire aerosols such as dust, water vapor and the like in the practical environment are very similar to those of fire smoke particles under a single wavelength, so that the false alarm problem is prominent. Meanwhile, different types of smog, such as black smog (high light absorption particles) mainly containing carbon particles and having strong light absorption, and white smog (low light absorption particles) mainly containing water vapor and oil mist and having strong scattering property, can have a scattering response difference of 2-3 orders of magnitude under a single wavelength, so that the sensitivity of the detector to the high light absorption particles is greatly reduced, a monitoring blind area is formed, and the diversified detection requirements under a complex fire scene are difficult to meet. In addition, the single wavelength scattering signal can only reflect a single optical parameter of the particle, and key associated characteristics such as particle size distribution, surface area concentration, volume concentration and the like cannot be obtained at the same time. The dual-wavelength detector usually adopts a 450nm/850nm light source combination, and generally adopts a fixed small-angle detection strategy, but ignores the acquisition and utilization of large-angle scattered signals, and the conventional angle configuration cannot effectively acquire key information and has the risk that the intensity of the large-angle scattered signals is submerged by the intensity of the small-angle scattered signals. When the optimal scattering angle is found, the angle error is easy to miss key particle size information because large-angle scattering signals are not processed, so that the particle size distribution characteristics are lost. In addition, the change rate of the dual-wavelength power ratio is insufficient near the critical value with the particle size of about 1 mu m, the accuracy rate of distinguishing the aerosol with the interference such as atomized oil drops with the particle size close to the initial fire smoke particles is not high, the misjudgment rate of the fire smoke particles in the scene is still up to 25%, misinformation or missing report is extremely easy to be caused, and serious potential safety hazards are brought to fire early warning. In summary, the existing single-wavelength and dual-wavelength optical sensor has obvious performance bottleneck in the field of fire smoke detection, and is difficult to meet the actual requirements for accurately identifying smoke particles in a complex environment. Disclosure of Invention Based on the problems set forth in the background art, the invention aims to provide a fire smoke detector, a smoke detection method, equipment and a medium thereof, and solve the problems that the existing single-wavelength and dual-wavelength optical sensor has obvious performance bottleneck in the field of fire smoke detection and is difficult to meet the actual requirements for accurately identifying smoke particles in a complex environment. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the first aspect of the present invention provides a fire smoke detector comprising: A smoke maze; The smoke maze comprises a maze measuring cavity, and a blue light emitting source, an infrared light receiving end, a green light emitting source, an infrared light emitting source and a blue-green light receiving end which are sequentially distributed around the cavity wall of the maze measuring cavity; The infrared light emitting source and the infrared light receiving end form forward scattering, and the blue light emitting source, the green light emitting source and the blue-green light receiving end form backward scattering; and the photoelectric conversion circuit is used for converting the optical path signals acquired by the infrared light receiving end and the blue-green light rece