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CN-122000121-A - Low-voltage wire structure with rat-proof function and wire preparation method

CN122000121ACN 122000121 ACN122000121 ACN 122000121ACN-122000121-A

Abstract

The application provides a low-voltage wire structure with a rat-proof function and a wire preparation method, and the low-voltage wire structure comprises a conductor, an insulating layer coated on the periphery of the conductor, a braiding layer group coated on the periphery of the insulating layer, a rat-proof repellent layer coated on the periphery of the braiding layer group, a sheath layer coated on the periphery of the rat-proof repellent layer, and a gnawing-proof assembly arranged on the periphery of the sheath layer, wherein the gnawing-proof assembly comprises a plurality of gnawing-proof tooth grooves which are arranged around the axis of the sheath layer and have right trapezoid cross sections. According to the application, the anti-biting component with the anti-biting tooth slot is formed by extruding and forming the outer periphery of the sheath layer, so that a stable biting pivot point for biting a rat can be damaged, the biting success rate is reduced, the long-acting repellent of the anti-rat repellent layer and the physical anti-biting protection of the braiding layer group are matched, a three-stage anti-rat system is formed, the full life cycle anti-rat protection capability of the electric wire is effectively improved, the potential safety hazards of cable short circuit, leakage and even spontaneous combustion are eliminated, the operation safety of an automobile electric system is ensured, and the anti-rat system has the advantages of simple structure, stable anti-rat effect and convenience in popularization and implementation.

Inventors

  • LIANG HONGMIN
  • YU XIAOJUN
  • LI HUIXING

Assignees

  • 广州电缆有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260327

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a low-voltage wire structure with protection against rodents function, its characterized in that, including conductor (1), cladding in insulating layer (2) of conductor (1) periphery, cladding in braided layer group (3) of insulating layer (2) periphery, cladding in protection against rodents repellent layer (5) of braided layer group (3) periphery, cladding in protection against rodents repellent layer (5) periphery sheath layer (6), and locate protection against gnawing edible subassembly (7) of sheath layer (6) periphery, protection against gnawing edible subassembly (7) include a plurality of winding protection against gnawing edible tooth groove (8) of sheath layer (6) axis circumference equipartition, the cross-sectional shape of preventing edible tooth groove (8) is right trapezoid, the material of sheath layer (6) is selected for use thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, irradiation crosslinked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride any one of, sheath layer (6) with prevent gnawing edible subassembly (7) integrative extrusion.
  2. 2. A low voltage wire structure with a rat-proof function according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the end of the anti-biting tooth slot (8) remote from the axis of the sheath (6) is smaller than the end near the axis of the sheath (6).
  3. 3. The low-voltage wire structure with the rat-proof function according to claim 1, wherein the width of one end of the anti-biting tooth groove (8) far away from the axis of the sheath layer (6) is 0.3mm-0.6mm, and the width of one end of the anti-biting tooth groove (8) near to the axis of the sheath layer (6) is 0.7mm-1.2mm.
  4. 4. The low-voltage wire structure with the rat-proof function according to claim 1, wherein the braid group (3) comprises a first braid (30) coated on the outer periphery of the insulating layer (2), and a second braid (31) coated on the outer periphery of the first braid (30), and the thickness of the first braid (30) is smaller than the thickness of the second braid (31).
  5. 5. The low voltage wire structure with rat-proof function according to claim 4, wherein the material of the first braiding layer (30) is aramid or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and the material of the second braiding layer (31) is stainless steel wire.
  6. 6. The low-voltage wire structure with a rat-proof function according to claim 5, wherein the braiding directions of the first braiding layer (30) and the second braiding layer (31) are both in the same direction, the braiding pitch ratio of the first braiding layer (30) is 1 (1.2-1.5), and the braiding pitch ratio of the second braiding layer (31) is 1 (1.4-1.8).
  7. 7. The structure of a low voltage wire with a rat-proof function according to claim 5, wherein the monofilament diameter of the stainless steel wire used for the second braid (31) is 0.05mm to 0.15mm.
  8. 8. The low-voltage wire structure with a rat-proof function according to claim 5, wherein the conductor (1) is formed by twisting a plurality of strands of copper wire units (10), and the outer diameter of the copper wire units (10) is 0.15mm-0.2mm.
  9. 9. The low-voltage wire structure with the rat-proof function according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer (2) is made of radiation crosslinked polyethylene.
  10. 10. A method for manufacturing a low-voltage wire, characterized in that a low-voltage wire structure having a rat-proof function as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 9 is employed, comprising the steps of: Step 101, selecting oxygen-free copper wires with the monofilament outer diameter of 0.15-0.2 mm as copper wire units, feeding the copper wire units with preset strands into a wire bundling machine, bundling and twisting under the conditions that the wire bundling rotating speed is 1200rpm-1800rpm, the twisting pitch diameter ratio is 1 (12-18) and the twisting is in the same direction, and straightening by tension after bundling and twisting to obtain a conductor; 102, conveying the conductor prepared in the step 101 into a single-screw extruder, coating an irradiation crosslinking polyethylene insulating material by adopting an extrusion pipe type die, setting the temperature of an extruder body to 115-125 ℃ at a feeding section, 135-145 ℃ at a plasticizing section and 150-160 ℃ at a homogenizing section in a sectioning manner, wherein the temperature of a machine head is 155-165 ℃ at a screw rotating speed of 30-60 rpm, the traction speed is 80-120 m/min, and after coating, carrying out water cooling shaping, and conveying into an electron accelerator to finish irradiation crosslinking under the condition of irradiation dose of 120-180 kGy to obtain a wire core with an insulating layer; Step 103, feeding the wire core with the insulating layer prepared in the step 102 into a high-speed braiding machine, selecting aramid fiber or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber as a braiding base material, adopting a 24-spindle-32-spindle braiding structure, braiding under the conditions of 200rpm-300rpm of braiding speed and 1 (1.2-1.5) of braiding pitch ratio and the same direction as the twisting direction of a conductor, and controlling the thickness of the braiding layer to be 0.08-0.12 mm to obtain the wire core with the first braiding layer; Step 104, feeding the wire core with the first braiding layer prepared in the step 103 into a high-speed braiding machine, selecting 304 stainless steel wires with the monofilament diameter of 0.05-0.15 mm as a braiding base material, adopting a 48-64-spindle braiding structure, braiding under the conditions of the braiding rotating speed of 150-250 rpm and the braiding pitch ratio of 1 (1.4-1.8) and the braiding direction same as the braiding direction of the first braiding layer, and controlling the thickness of the braiding layer to be 0.15-0.25 mm to obtain the wire core with the braiding layer group; Step 105, feeding the wire core with the braiding layer group prepared in the step 104 into a single screw extruder, coating a rat-proof repellent mixture, setting the temperature of the extruder body in sections to 120-130 ℃ of a feeding section, 140-150 ℃ of a plasticizing section, 155-165 ℃ of a homogenizing section, 160-170 ℃ of a machine head, 20-40 rpm of a screw rotating speed, 60-100 m/min of a traction speed, controlling the coating thickness to be 0.1-0.2 mm, and performing water cooling shaping to obtain the wire core with the rat-proof repellent layer; Step 106, feeding the wire core with the rat-proof repellent layer prepared in step 105 into a single-screw extruder, integrally extruding and coating the sheath layer and the anti-gnawing component by adopting a special extrusion pipe die with a right trapezoid tooth slot forming cavity, wherein the sheath layer base material is any one of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, irradiation crosslinking polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, the temperature of the extruder is correspondingly set according to the base material, the rotating speed of the screw is controlled to be 40rpm-70rpm, the traction speed is 50m/min-80m/min, the anti-gnawing tooth slots correspondingly formed in the die cavity are uniformly distributed around the axis of the sheath layer, the width of one end of the tooth slot, which is far away from the axis of the sheath layer, is 0.3mm-0.6mm, the width of one end, which is close to the axis of the sheath layer, is 0.7mm-1.2mm, and after extrusion, performing water cooling shaping, if the base material is irradiation crosslinking polyethylene, and then feeding the base material into an electronic accelerator to complete irradiation crosslinking under the condition of 150kGy to obtain the low-voltage wire structure with the rat-proof function.

Description

Low-voltage wire structure with rat-proof function and wire preparation method Technical Field The application belongs to the technical field of cable manufacturing, and particularly relates to a low-voltage wire structure with a rat-proof function and a wire preparation method. Background In the prior art, an automobile low-voltage cable is used as a core transmission component of an entire automobile electrical system, plays a key role in electric energy transmission and signal transmission, and the protection performance of the automobile low-voltage cable is directly related to the safety and reliability of the automobile electrical system. However, currently mainstream automobile low-voltage wires are mostly made of polyvinyl chloride or crosslinked polyethylene insulating materials, and the structure design is simple and special protection against biting of mice is lacking. Because of the tooth grinding habit, rats are very easy to bite the insulating layer and the sheath of the electric wire, cause serious faults such as short circuit, electric leakage, spontaneous combustion of vehicles and the like, and bring great hidden trouble to the use safety of automobiles. In the prior art, although the physical rat-proof scheme of the externally covered metal woven mesh has certain anti-biting capability, the method has the defects of large weight and poor flexibility, is difficult to adapt to the complex wiring requirement in the automobile, has higher production cost, and has the advantages of simple structure and controllable cost, but the rat-proof effect cannot be maintained for a long time due to the fact that the repelling components are volatile, and the coating is easy to fall off in the installation process, so that the protection is invalid. Therefore, in order to comprehensively improve the rat-proof durability, mechanical suitability and use safety of the low-voltage electric wire of the automobile and simultaneously consider cost control, improvement is needed to be made at present so as to solve the technical shortboards of the prior art, improve the full life cycle protection capability of the low-voltage electric wire of the automobile and ensure the stable operation of the electric system of the whole automobile. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a low-voltage wire structure with a rat-proof function, which aims to solve the technical problems that an automobile low-voltage wire in the prior art lacks special protection against the biting of rats, is easy to be bitten by the rats into an insulating layer and a sheath, causes line short circuit, electric leakage faults and even spontaneous combustion accidents of vehicles, and has serious potential safety hazards. In order to solve the technical problem, the application also provides a preparation method of the low-voltage wire with the rat-proof function. The low-voltage wire structure with the rat-proof function comprises a conductor, an insulating layer coated on the periphery of the conductor, a braiding layer group coated on the periphery of the insulating layer, a rat-proof repellent layer coated on the periphery of the braiding layer group, a sheath layer coated on the periphery of the rat-proof repellent layer, and a gnawing-proof assembly arranged on the periphery of the sheath layer, wherein the gnawing-proof assembly comprises a plurality of gnawing-proof tooth grooves which are arranged on the periphery of the sheath layer around the axis of the sheath layer, the cross section of each gnawing-proof tooth groove is in a right trapezoid shape, the sheath layer is made of any one of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, irradiation crosslinked polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, and the sheath layer and the gnawing-proof assembly are integrally extruded and molded. In some possible embodiments, the anti-gnawing gullet has a smaller width at an end distal from the sheath axis than at an end proximal to the sheath axis. In some possible embodiments, the width of the end of the anti-gnawing tooth groove away from the axis of the sheath layer is 0.3mm-0.6mm, and the width of the end of the anti-gnawing tooth groove near the axis of the sheath layer is 0.7mm-1.2mm. In some possible embodiments, the braid group includes a first braid wrapped around the insulating layer and a second braid wrapped around the first braid, the thickness of the first braid being less than the thickness of the second braid. In some possible embodiments, the material of the first braiding layer is aramid or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and the material of the second braiding layer is stainless steel wire. In some possible embodiments, the first braid and the second braid are braided in the same direction and in the same direction as the direction of twisting of the conductor, the first braid has a braiding pitch ratio of 1 (1.2-1.5), and the second braid has a braiding pitch ratio of 1 (1.4-1.8). In some possible embodiments, the fi