CN-122000219-A - Power distribution unit

Abstract

An electrical power distribution unit having at least one first electrical connection region and at least one second electrical connection region, the first electrical contact element of the first electrical connection region being electrically connectable to and disconnectable from the second electrical contact element of the second electrical connection region via at least one movable third electrical contact element, the third electrical contact element being biased via at least one resilient element into one switch setting and being actuatable via an actuator unit into at least one different switch setting, the actuator unit having at least one actuator and at least one switch shaft, the switch shaft being movable via the actuator and, based on the actuated switch setting, the third electrical contact element being in the biased switch setting or the third electrical contact element being moved against the spring force of the resilient element into the at least one different switch setting, the switch shaft driving a switch wheel via a drive wheel, the switch wheel-drive wheel combination constituting a step gear.

Inventors

• MICHAEL SCHNEIDER
• ANDREAS KURTZ
• Marcel brzesk

Assignees

• 麦格纳动力系有限两合公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20251031

Priority Date

20241108

Claims (5)

1. 1. An electrical power distribution unit (1), the electrical power distribution unit (1) having at least two electrical connection areas, in particular having at least one first electrical connection area (2, 2 ') and at least one second electrical connection area (3, 3'), wherein the first electrical connection area (2, 2 ') has at least one fixed first electrical contact element (4 a-4 g) and the second electrical connection area (3, 3') has at least one fixed second electrical contact element (5 a-5 g), wherein the first electrical contact element (4 a-4 g) is electrically connected to and disconnected from the second electrical contact element (5 a-5 g) via at least one movable third electrical contact element (6 a-6 g), wherein the third electrical contact element (6 a-6 g) is biased via at least one elastic element (7) into one switching arrangement (A, B) and is actuatable via an actuator unit (8) into at least one different arrangement, wherein the first electrical contact element (5 a-5 g) is electrically connected to and disconnected via at least one actuator (35) via at least one shaft (35) and the actuator unit (35) is actuatable via at least one shaft (35) being displaceable into the switching arrangement, or moving the third electrical contact element (6 a-6 g) against the spring force of the elastic element (7) in at least one different switching setting (A, B), wherein the actuator unit (8) drives a switching wheel (32) via a driving wheel (30), and wherein the switching wheel (32) -driving wheel (30) combination constitutes a step gear (46).
2. 2. The power distribution unit (1) according to claim 1, wherein the outer contour of the switching wheel (32) has a concave blade surface (36) between the groove (33) and the blade tip.
3. 3. The power distribution unit (1) according to claim 2, wherein the grooves are distributed at equal or unequal intervals and extend radially towards the pivot point of the switch wheel (32).
4. 4. The power distribution unit (1) according to claim 2, wherein the drive wheel (30) has a journal (31) and a convex profile (35), the journal (31) being for engagement in the groove of the switching wheel, the convex profile (35) being for supporting the concave blade surface (36) of the switching wheel.
5. 5. The power distribution unit (1) according to claim 1, wherein the cam of the switching shaft (10) presses the third contact element (6 a-6 g) against the spring force of the elastic element (7).

Description

Power distribution unit Technical Field The invention relates to an electrical power distribution unit having at least two electrical connection regions, in particular having at least one first electrical connection region and at least one second electrical connection region, wherein the first electrical connection region has at least one fixed first electrical contact element and the second electrical connection region has at least one fixed second electrical contact element, wherein the first electrical contact element and the second electrical contact element can be electrically connected and disconnected via at least one movable third electrical contact element, wherein the third electrical contact element is biased via at least one spring element into one switching setting and can be actuated via an actuator unit into at least one different switching setting, wherein the actuator unit has at least one actuator and at least one mechanical joint with a switching shaft, which mechanical joint can be moved via the actuator, and wherein the third electrical contact element is brought into the biased switching setting or the third electrical contact element is brought into the at least one different switching setting against the spring force of the spring element, based on the actuated switching setting. Background An electrical power distribution unit for a motor vehicle, in particular for a hybrid motor vehicle or an electric motor vehicle, has, in addition to a fuse unit and a voltage measuring system and a current measuring system, a switching device which prevents or allows an electrical current to flow through the electrical circuit of the vehicle. Typically, these switching devices are constituted by at least three relays, at least two high-current relays and one precharge relay being installed, depending on the design. In some cases, other relays are also installed for opening and closing the drive unit, direct Current (DC) charging contacts, battery pack switching, and for achieving other functions. The relays used each comprise contacts and actuators, which are enabled by a respective output stage of the control device and monitored via a specific circuit. In addition to the high cost, the use of multiple individual relays and actuators also results in increased requirements for installation space and increased weight. Furthermore, the relay itself typically has two high current connections that can only be passively cooled by the attached bus bars. This has a detrimental effect on the installation space and weight of the contact technology. The requirements for current carrying capacity as well as closing speed and opening speed also require adaptation of the actuator. This has an adverse effect on the overall mass, overall volume and energy efficiency. In addition, this can result in each individual relay requiring a complex control system and monitoring system to identify or prevent failure. The sum of all these disadvantages results in the desire for an improved switching device that is suitable for use in a power distribution unit of a battery electric vehicle. The High Voltage (HV) relays used are generally identical in structure and each relay includes contacts and an actuator, and they are enabled by a respective output stage of the control device and monitored via a specific circuit. Each of these relays has the necessary integration technology to interrupt the flow of current even under load. A switching device is known from the hitherto unpublished patent DE 10 2023 209 219. Such a switching device has a camshaft or crankshaft as a central actuating element for actuating the contacts. The actuation shaft has different switch positions depending on the number of switch settings. Since it is a spring loaded unit, it is important that the contacts and shaft remain in a defined switch position. The springs are subject to external conditions such as vibration and acceleration peaks, and thus an electromechanical actuation design for the camshaft or crankshaft is necessary in order for the switch positions of the individual switches to remain firmly connected or open. Since in some cases it is necessary to switch under load, the contacts of the switch must be opened or closed for a defined period of time, otherwise excessive arcing may occur at the contacts. Such arcing can lead to wear of the components. The object of the present invention is to specify an improved electromechanical switching device in which the switch is firmly and simply connected. Disclosure of Invention This object is achieved by an electric power distribution unit having at least two electric connection areas, in particular having at least one first electric connection area and at least one second electric connection area, wherein the first electric connection area has at least one fixed first electric contact element and the second electric connection area has at least one fixed second electric contact element, wherein