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CN-122000360-A - Plastic current collector, positive electrode, negative electrode and solid-state battery

CN122000360ACN 122000360 ACN122000360 ACN 122000360ACN-122000360-A

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a plastic current collector, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a solid battery. Wherein the rubber composite layer comprises an insulating filler and a rubber material. In the technical scheme, the impedance increase and the external pressure of the all-solid-state battery in the circulation process are reduced, the cell polarization and capacity attenuation speed of the solid-state battery are reduced, the interface contact state is cooperatively optimized, and the loading popularization of the all-solid-state battery is facilitated.

Inventors

  • JIA JINQIAN
  • KANG YAO
  • ZHOU XINAN

Assignees

  • 浙江绿色智行科创有限公司
  • 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20250908

Claims (12)

  1. 1. A plastic current collector, comprising: The metal sputtering layers are deposited on two sides of the rubber composite layer; the rubber composite layer comprises an insulating filler and a rubber material; The rubber composite layer has elasticity, and is used for providing an elastic space when the electrode active material expands and rebound when the electrode active material contracts; the insulating filler is used for regulating and controlling the strength of the rubber composite layer, and the insulating filler forms concave-convex shapes on the surface of the rubber composite layer so as to increase the combination property of the rubber composite layer and the metal sputtering layer.
  2. 2. The plastic current collector according to claim 1, wherein the insulating filler comprises at least one of fibrous resin, resin nonwoven fabric, alumina, magnesia, boehmite, and silica.
  3. 3. The plastic current collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rubber material comprises at least one of silicone rubber, natural rubber, polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber.
  4. 4. A plastic current collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal sputtered layer comprises any one of aluminum, copper, nickel, titanium or steel.
  5. 5. A plastic current collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickness of the plastic current collector is 8-100 micrometers and/or the thickness of the rubber composite layer is 6-96 micrometers and/or the thickness of the metal sputtered layer is 200-2000 nanometers.
  6. 6. A preparation method of a plastic current collector is characterized in that, the method for preparing the plastic current collector according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising: dispersing a rubber material into a solvent to obtain a dispersed glue solution; adding an insulating filler into the dispersion glue solution to obtain a mixed solution; Coating the mixed solution, and drying to obtain a rubber composite layer; And uniformly depositing metal materials on two sides of the rubber composite layer to form metal sputtering layers on two sides of the rubber composite layer so as to obtain the plastic current collector.
  7. 7. The method for preparing a plastic current collector according to claim 6, wherein the solid content of the mixed solution is 40-60%.
  8. 8. The method for preparing a plastic current collector according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the solvent comprises at least one of toluene, xylene, butyl butyrate, and n-alkane.
  9. 9. The method for preparing a plastic current collector according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the uniformly depositing the metal material on both sides of the rubber composite layer comprises: and uniformly depositing the metal material on two sides of the rubber composite layer by any mode of resistance evaporation, measurement and control sputtering or electron gun evaporation.
  10. 10. A positive electrode comprising a plastic current collector and a positive electrode coating coated on at least one side of the plastic current collector; The plastic current collector is the plastic current collector according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or the plastic current collector prepared by the preparation method of the plastic current collector according to any one of claims 6 to 9.
  11. 11. A negative electrode comprising a plastic current collector and a negative electrode coating applied to at least one side of the plastic current collector; The plastic current collector is the plastic current collector according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or the plastic current collector prepared by the preparation method of the plastic current collector according to any one of claims 6 to 9.
  12. 12. A solid-state battery comprising the positive electrode according to claim 10, the negative electrode according to claim 11, and an electrolyte.

Description

Plastic current collector, positive electrode, negative electrode and solid-state battery Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a plastic current collector, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a solid-state battery. Background The all-solid-state lithium ion battery abandons inflammable and volatile organic liquid electrolyte in the traditional lithium ion battery, adopts high-stability inorganic solid electrolyte, eliminates risks of electrolyte leakage, decomposition and thermal runaway from the source, and receives wide attention of scientific research and industry. Currently, it is considered that the inorganic solid state electrolyte has a higher density than the electrolyte, resulting in a lower energy density for all solid state lithium ion batteries using the same positive and negative electrode system than for liquid state lithium ion batteries. The use of positive electrodes with high nickel content and higher capacity negative electrodes (silicon, lithium) is therefore the key to achieving high energy density all-solid-state batteries. However, the high nickel positive electrode causes anisotropic volume change, and the volume expansion of the negative electrode after lithium intercalation is up to 300%, and the metal lithium negative electrode also causes huge volume expansion during the lithium charging deposition process, thereby causing the problem of increasing the cell polarization and capacity fading speed of the solid-state battery. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the application provides a plastic current collector, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a solid-state battery, which are used for achieving the technical effect of reducing the speed of cell polarization and capacity attenuation of the solid-state battery. In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a plastic current collector, including: The metal sputtering layers are deposited on two sides of the rubber composite layer; the rubber composite layer includes an insulating filler and a rubber material. In one possible implementation, the insulating filler includes at least one of fibrous resin, resin nonwoven fabric, alumina, magnesia, boehmite, and silica. In one possible implementation, the rubber material includes at least one of silicone rubber, natural rubber, polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber. In one possible implementation, the metal sputtered layer comprises any one of aluminum, copper, nickel, titanium, or steel. In one possible implementation, the thickness of the plastic current collector is 8-100 microns, and/or the thickness of the rubber composite layer is 6-96 microns, and/or the thickness of the metal sputtered layer is 200-2000 nanometers. In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing a plastic current collector as described above in the first aspect and/or in various possible implementations of the first aspect, the method including: dispersing a rubber material into a solvent to obtain a dispersed glue solution; adding an insulating filler into the dispersion glue solution to obtain a mixed solution; Coating the mixed solution, and drying to obtain a rubber composite layer; And uniformly depositing metal materials on two sides of the rubber composite layer to form metal sputtering layers on two sides of the rubber composite layer so as to obtain the plastic current collector. In one possible implementation, the mixed solution has a solids content of 40-60%. In one possible implementation, the solvent includes at least one of toluene, xylene, butyl butyrate, n-alkanes. In one possible implementation, the uniformly depositing the metal material on both sides of the rubber composite layer includes: and uniformly depositing the metal material on two sides of the rubber composite layer by any mode of resistance evaporation, measurement and control sputtering or electron gun evaporation. In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a positive electrode comprising a plastic current collector and a positive electrode coating coated on at least one side of the plastic current collector; the plastic current collector is a plastic current collector as shown in the first aspect and/or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect, or a plastic current collector prepared by a preparation method as shown in the second aspect and/or various possible implementation manners of the second aspect. In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a negative electrode comprising a plastic current collector and a negative electrode coating coated on at least one side of the plastic current collector; the plastic current collector is a plastic current collector as shown in the first aspect and/or various possible implementation manners