CN-122000384-A - Method for monitoring the temperature of a gas circuit, program product and fuel cell system

Abstract

A temperature monitoring method of a gas circuit for a fuel cell system includes the steps of obtaining a first operation parameter of a gas supply unit in the gas circuit, calculating a first gas temperature and a gas flow rate of a reaction gas supplied from the gas supply unit, the reaction gas being supplied to a heat exchange unit in the gas circuit, obtaining a second operation parameter of a coolant supply unit in the coolant circuit, calculating a coolant flow rate of a coolant supplied to the heat exchange unit, obtaining a coolant temperature of the coolant, calculating a second gas temperature of the reaction gas flowing from the heat exchange unit, the reaction gas being supplied to a fuel cell stack and the second gas temperature corresponding to an intake temperature of the fuel cell stack, based on the first gas temperature, the gas flow rate, the coolant flow rate, and the coolant temperature. And to a corresponding computer program product and fuel cell system. The intake air temperature of the fuel cell stack can be monitored simply and cost-effectively.

Inventors

• ZHOU JUN
• ZHANG CHAO
• QI ZIDA
• YUE LANG
• WANG JUNHUA

Assignees

• 博世氢动力系统(重庆)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20241101

Claims (10)

1. 1. A method for temperature monitoring of a gas circuit (20) for a fuel cell system (100), characterized in that the method comprises at least the steps of: S1, acquiring a first operation parameter of a gas supply unit (21) in the gas loop (20) and calculating a first gas temperature and a gas flow rate of a reaction gas supplied by the gas supply unit (21) according to the first operation parameter, wherein the reaction gas is supplied to a heat exchange unit (22) in the gas loop (20); S2, acquiring a second operation parameter of a coolant supply unit (31) in a coolant loop (30), and calculating the coolant flow rate of the coolant supplied by the coolant supply unit (31) according to the second operation parameter, wherein the coolant is also supplied to the heat exchange unit (22); s3, acquiring the coolant temperature of the coolant through a first temperature sensor (32) before the coolant reaches the heat exchange unit (22); S4, calculating a second gas temperature of the reaction gas flowing out of the heat exchange unit (22) according to the first gas temperature, the gas flow rate, the coolant flow rate and the coolant temperature, wherein the reaction gas is supplied to a fuel cell stack (10) of the fuel cell system (100) and the second gas temperature corresponds to an air inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack (10).
2. 2. The method for monitoring temperature according to claim 1, wherein, The first operating parameters include at least an initial gas temperature of the reaction gas before entering the gas supply unit (21), a first power of the gas supply unit (21) and a first rotational speed of the gas supply unit (21).
3. 3. A temperature monitoring method according to claim 2, wherein, The initial gas temperature is an ambient temperature detected by a second temperature sensor (25) arranged upstream of the gas supply unit (21) or outside the fuel cell system (100), and/or The first operating parameters further comprise a compression ratio and/or a volumetric efficiency of the gas supply unit (21) and/or a specific heat capacity of the reaction gas.
4. 4. A temperature monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The second operating parameter comprises at least a second power of the coolant supply unit (31) and a second rotational speed of the coolant supply unit (31).
5. 5. A temperature monitoring method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The gas circuit (20) is a cathode gas circuit, the gas supply unit (21) is configured with an air compressor and the reaction gas is air, or the gas circuit (20) is an anode gas circuit, the gas supply unit (21) is configured with a hydrogen circulation pump and the reaction gas is hydrogen, and/or The coolant supply unit (31) is configured with a water pump and the coolant is water.
6. 6. A temperature monitoring method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The temperature monitoring method additionally comprises a step S5 of reducing a valve opening of an inlet valve (24) arranged in the gas circuit (20) or closing the inlet valve (24) when the second gas temperature exceeds a preset temperature threshold.
7. 7. The method for monitoring temperature according to claim 6, wherein, Decreasing the valve opening or closing the inlet valve (24) when the second gas temperature exceeds the temperature threshold for a predetermined period of time, and/or The temperature threshold is determined according to experimental data and/or empirical data, and/or The inlet valve (24) is designed as a proportional valve or a shut-off valve.
8. 8. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by one or more processors, is capable of performing the temperature monitoring method according to any one of claims 1-7.
9. 9. A fuel cell system (100), characterized in that the fuel cell system (100) comprises at least: -a fuel cell stack (10); -a gas circuit (20), the gas circuit (20) being connected to an intake manifold of the fuel cell stack (10), wherein at least a gas supply unit (21) and a heat exchange unit (22) are arranged in the gas circuit (20); -a coolant circuit (30), the coolant circuit (30) being connected to the heat exchange unit (22), wherein at least a coolant supply unit (31) and a first temperature sensor (32) are arranged in the coolant circuit (30), and -A control unit (40), the control unit (40) being connected to the gas supply unit (21), the coolant supply unit (31) and the first temperature sensor (32), respectively, and being configured to be adapted to implement the temperature monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 with the computer program product according to claim 8.
10. 10. The fuel cell system (100) according to claim 9, wherein, The gas circuit (20) is configured as a cathode gas circuit which is connected to a cathode inlet manifold of the fuel cell stack (10), wherein the gas supply unit (21) is configured with an air compressor, or the gas circuit (20) is configured as an anode gas circuit which is connected to an anode inlet manifold of the fuel cell stack (10), wherein the gas supply unit (21) is configured with a hydrogen circulation pump, and/or The coolant supply unit (31) is configured with a water pump, and/or The heat exchange unit (22) is configured as an intercooler having a coolant chamber and a gas chamber, and/or An air filter (23) and/or an air inlet valve (24) are additionally arranged in the gas circuit (20), and/or The fuel cell system (100) comprises a second temperature sensor (25), which second temperature sensor (25) is arranged upstream of the gas supply unit (21) or outside the fuel cell system (100).

Description

Method for monitoring the temperature of a gas circuit, program product and fuel cell system Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular, to a method for monitoring the temperature of a gas circuit of a fuel cell system. The invention also relates to a corresponding computer program product and a corresponding fuel cell system. Background The fuel cell is a high-efficiency power generation device that directly converts chemical energy in anode gas and cathode gas into electric energy in an electrochemical reaction manner without a combustion process, and the reaction product is mainly water and basically does not discharge harmful gas, so the fuel cell has remarkable advantages of high energy conversion efficiency and cleanliness and environmental protection and is widely used in vehicles and power generation facilities. Here, the fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack composed of a plurality of fuel cells, a cathode gas circuit for supplying a cathode gas (e.g., air) to the fuel cell stack, and an anode gas circuit for supplying an anode gas (e.g., hydrogen) to the fuel cell stack. In order to optimize the reaction rate and output power of the fuel cell when the fuel cell system is operated, the reaction gas, particularly air, is generally compressed and supplied to the corresponding electrode, and such compression process causes an increase in kinetic energy of the reaction gas and generates a large amount of heat, thereby causing the temperature of the reaction gas to rise, in a specific case, even up to 200 ℃. In order to prevent the compressed gas temperature from exceeding the allowable threshold and to achieve stable operation of the fuel cell system, a heat exchange unit, such as an intercooler, is provided in the gas circuit, and the coolant supplied from the coolant supply unit can absorb heat of the reaction gas while flowing through the heat exchange unit and cool the compressed reaction gas. However, during the actual operation of the fuel cell system, there is a possibility that problems such as abnormality of the cooling line, abnormality of the water pump, abnormality of the compressor control, etc. occur, which results in insufficient heat radiation efficiency of the heat exchange unit to ensure that the temperature of the reaction gas is lower than the temperature threshold, which has unavoidable adverse effects on the operation performance and life of the fuel cell stack. Disclosure of Invention It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved temperature monitoring method for a gas circuit of a fuel cell system, by means of which the inlet gas temperature of a fuel cell stack can be monitored simply and cost-effectively, and an overtemperature phenomenon of the reaction gas can be found in time, so that a rapid response of the fuel cell system is achieved and the operating performance and the service life of the fuel cell stack are improved as much as possible. According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a temperature monitoring method for a gas circuit of a fuel cell system, wherein the temperature monitoring method includes at least the steps of: S1, acquiring a first operation parameter of a gas supply unit in the gas loop and calculating a first gas temperature and a gas flow rate of a reaction gas supplied by the gas supply unit according to the first operation parameter, wherein the reaction gas is supplied to a heat exchange unit in the gas loop; S2, acquiring a second operation parameter of a coolant supply unit in a coolant loop, and calculating the coolant flow of the coolant supplied by the coolant supply unit according to the second operation parameter, wherein the coolant is also supplied to the heat exchange unit; S3, acquiring the coolant temperature of the coolant through a first temperature sensor before the coolant reaches the heat exchange unit; And S4, calculating a second gas temperature of the reaction gas flowing out of the heat exchange unit according to the first gas temperature, the gas flow rate, the coolant flow rate and the coolant temperature, wherein the reaction gas is supplied to a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system and the second gas temperature corresponds to the air inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack. Compared with the prior art, in the temperature monitoring method according to the present invention, the first gas temperature and the gas flow rate of the reaction gas are calculated from the first operation parameter of the gas supply unit, the coolant flow rate of the coolant is calculated from the second operation parameter of the coolant supply unit, and the coolant temperature before the coolant reaches the heat exchange unit is obtained, and the second gas temperature of the reaction gas flowing out from the heat exchange unit, which corresponds to the intake air temperature of the fuel cell stack, can be calculated from t