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CN-122000391-A - Method and device for estimating temperature of electric pile, fuel cell system, equipment and medium

CN122000391ACN 122000391 ACN122000391 ACN 122000391ACN-122000391-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and provides a method and a device for estimating the temperature of a cell stack, a fuel cell system, equipment and a medium. The invention relates to a method for estimating the temperature of a galvanic pile, which comprises the steps of dividing the time of cooling liquid flowing through the galvanic pile into a plurality of unit time, obtaining the number n of unit time required by the cooling liquid flowing through the galvanic pile and the temperature T An outlet of the cooling liquid flowing out of the galvanic pile, setting the temperature T Electric pile ＝T An outlet +a inside the galvanic pile, starting from n=1, substituting a formula until T n is calculated, comparing the calculated T n with T An outlet , gradually increasing a preset threshold value a when T n is smaller than T An outlet , starting from n=1 again after each time of increasing the preset threshold value a, calculating T n through the formula until the calculated T n is just not smaller than T An outlet , and determining T An outlet +a' as the temperature T Electric pile inside the galvanic pile when the calculated T n is just not smaller than T An outlet . The invention can realize the estimation of the temperature inside the electric pile based on the temperature of the cooling liquid outlet of the electric pile, and is beneficial to better protecting the electric pile.

Inventors

  • GAO WEIFENG

Assignees

  • 未势能源科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20241104

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method for stack temperature estimation, the method comprising: dividing the time of the cooling liquid flowing through the electric pile into a plurality of unit time, and acquiring the number n of the unit time required by the cooling liquid flowing through the electric pile and the temperature T An outlet of the cooling liquid when the cooling liquid flows out of the electric pile; Setting the temperature T Electric pile ＝T An outlet +a in the electric pile, and starting from n=1, substituting the temperature T Electric pile -T n-1 )＝c*m*(T n -T n-1 into the formula in sequence until T n is calculated, wherein a is a preset threshold value larger than 0, H is a heat transfer coefficient and represents heat quantity correspondingly transferred by unit temperature difference in unit time, c is the specific heat capacity of cooling liquid, m is the mass of cooling liquid corresponding to the first unit time, and when n=1, T 0 represents the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the electric pile in the first unit time; Comparing the calculated T n with T An outlet , and when T n is smaller than T An outlet , successively increasing the preset threshold a, and starting from n=1 again after increasing the preset threshold a each time, calculating T n by the formula H (T Electric pile -T n-1 )＝c*m*(T n -T n-1 ) until the preset threshold a is increased to such an extent that the calculated T n is not smaller than T An outlet ; When the calculated T n is not smaller than T An outlet , determining T An outlet +a 'as the temperature T Electric pile inside the electric pile, and a' is a value when the preset threshold value a is increased to the value when T n is not smaller than T An outlet .
  2. 2. The stack temperature estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition of the number n of unit times required for the coolant to flow through the stack includes: obtaining a flow value m of the cooling liquid in each unit time, and obtaining a corresponding volume v of the cooling liquid from m/ρ, wherein ρ is the density of the cooling liquid; Accumulating the volumes V of the cooling liquid corresponding to the unit time until the accumulated result of the volumes V of the cooling liquid is just not smaller than the volume V of the cooling channel inside the electric pile; The number of times of accumulation of the volume V of the cooling liquid when the accumulation result is not smaller than the volume V of the cooling channel inside the electric pile is determined as the number n of unit time required for the cooling liquid to flow through the electric pile.
  3. 3. The stack temperature estimation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: By the formula And obtaining a flow value m of the cooling liquid in each unit time, wherein deltap is the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the cooling liquid of the electric pile, deltap max is the maximum value of the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the cooling liquid of the electric pile, and m max is the maximum value of the flow of the cooling liquid of the electric pile.
  4. 4. The stack temperature estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer coefficient H is determined by: constructing an experimental electric pile and operating the experimental electric pile; controlling the time of the cooling liquid flowing through the experimental electric pile to be z unit times, and recording the temperature T z of the cooling liquid outlet of the experimental electric pile and the temperature T Pile body of the experimental electric pile body after the z unit times; Maintaining the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the experimental electric pile, keeping the temperature T Pile body of the experimental electric pile body unchanged, increasing the flow rate of the cooling liquid flowing through the experimental electric pile, controlling the time of the cooling liquid flowing through the experimental electric pile to be z-1 unit time, and recording the temperature T z-1 of the cooling liquid outlet of the experimental electric pile after z-1 unit time; By the formula: And calculating to obtain the heat transfer coefficient H, wherein c is the specific heat capacity of the cooling liquid, and m Unit time of is the cooling liquid mass in unit time.
  5. 5. The stack temperature estimation method according to claim 4, wherein: the experimental galvanic pile is operated in a medium-high power mode.
  6. 6. The stack temperature estimation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The preset threshold a adopts a natural number larger than 0.
  7. 7. The utility model provides a galvanic pile temperature prediction device which characterized in that: comprises an acquisition module (10), a first processing module (20), a second processing module (30) and a determination module (40); the acquisition module (10) is used for dividing the time of the cooling liquid flowing through the electric pile into a plurality of unit time, and acquiring the number n of the unit time required by the cooling liquid flowing through the electric pile and the temperature T An outlet of the cooling liquid when the cooling liquid flows out of the electric pile; The first processing module (20) is configured to set a temperature T Electric pile ＝T An outlet + a inside the electric pile, and sequentially substitutes a formula from n=1 into H (T Electric pile -T n-1 )＝c*m*(T n -T n-1 ) until T n is calculated, where a is a preset threshold value greater than 0, H is a heat transfer coefficient and represents heat transferred correspondingly by a unit temperature difference in unit time, c is a specific heat capacity of the cooling liquid, m is a mass of the cooling liquid corresponding to a first unit time, and when n=1, T 0 represents a temperature when the cooling liquid enters the electric pile in the first unit time; The second processing module (30) is configured to compare the calculated T n with T An outlet , and successively increase the preset threshold a when T n is less than T An outlet , and calculate T n by the formula H (T Electric pile -T n-1 )＝c*m*(T n -T n-1 ) after increasing the preset threshold a each time, until the preset threshold a increases to such a point that the calculated T n is not less than T An outlet ; The determining module (40) is configured to determine T An outlet +a 'as a temperature T Electric pile inside the stack when the calculated T n is not less than T An outlet , and a' is a value when the preset threshold a is increased to a value when T n is not less than T An outlet .
  8. 8. A fuel cell system characterized in that: the fuel cell system is provided with a memory (100) and a processor (200); The memory (100) has stored thereon computer readable instructions which, when executed by the processor (200), implement the stack temperature estimation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
  9. 9. An apparatus for mounting a fuel cell, characterized by: The fuel cell system according to claim 8 is used as a fuel cell mounted in the apparatus.
  10. 10. A computer-readable storage medium comprising, The readable storage medium has stored therein a computer program which, when executed, implements the stack temperature estimation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

Description

Method and device for estimating temperature of electric pile, fuel cell system, equipment and medium Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for estimating a stack temperature, and a fuel cell system, a device, and a medium. Background The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, abbreviated as PEMFC) is a power generation device which performs electrochemical reaction between hydrogen at the anode side of a galvanic pile and oxygen in air at the cathode side to generate electric energy and output the electric energy outwards, and is a pollution-free clean energy source. In a fuel cell system, in order to prevent damage to a cell stack caused by an excessively high internal temperature of the cell stack during operation, an upper temperature limit is generally set, and once the upper temperature limit is reached, the system can load down or directly shut down the cell stack to protect the cell stack. In the stack over-temperature protection strategy, the core is the judgment of the internal temperature of the stack. At present, in the whole fuel cell system, the temperature inside the electric pile is not monitored, and the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet and outlet of the electric pile is monitored, so that the temperature condition inside the electric pile is judged. However, from the standpoint of heat transfer, after the fuel cell system is normally operated, the temperature of the stack body must be equal to or higher than the stack coolant outlet temperature. Therefore, the existing method for judging whether the temperature in the electric pile is too high based on the temperature of the inlet and outlet of the cooling liquid of the electric pile is not accurate enough, and the electric pile is easily damaged due to the fact that the actual temperature in the electric pile is too high, so that the protection of the electric pile is not facilitated. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for estimating the temperature of a galvanic pile, so as to realize estimation of the internal temperature of the galvanic pile, and facilitate better protection of the galvanic pile. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: A stack temperature estimation method, the method comprising: dividing the time of the cooling liquid flowing through the electric pile into a plurality of unit time, and acquiring the number n of the unit time required by the cooling liquid flowing through the electric pile and the temperature T An outlet of the cooling liquid when the cooling liquid flows out of the electric pile; Setting the temperature T Electric pile ＝T An outlet +a in the electric pile, and starting from n=1, substituting the temperature T Electric pile -Tn-1)＝c*m*(Tn-Tn-1 into the formula in sequence until T n is calculated, wherein a is a preset threshold value larger than 0, H is a heat transfer coefficient and represents heat quantity correspondingly transferred by unit temperature difference in unit time, c is the specific heat capacity of cooling liquid, m is the mass of cooling liquid corresponding to the first unit time, and when n=1, T 0 represents the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the electric pile in the first unit time; Comparing the calculated T n with T An outlet , and when T n is smaller than T An outlet , successively increasing the preset threshold a, and starting from n=1 again after increasing the preset threshold a each time, calculating T n by the formula H (T Electric pile -Tn-1)＝c*m*(Tn-Tn-1) until the preset threshold a is increased to such an extent that the calculated T n is not smaller than T An outlet ; When the calculated T n is not smaller than T An outlet , determining T An outlet +a 'as the temperature T Electric pile inside the electric pile, and a' is a value when the preset threshold value a is increased to the value when T n is not smaller than T An outlet . Further, the obtaining of the number n of unit time required for the cooling liquid to flow through the electric pile includes: obtaining a flow value m of the cooling liquid in each unit time, and obtaining a corresponding volume v of the cooling liquid from m/ρ, wherein ρ is the density of the cooling liquid; Accumulating the volumes V of the cooling liquid corresponding to the unit time until the accumulated result of the volumes V of the cooling liquid is just not smaller than the volume V of the cooling channel inside the electric pile; The number of times of accumulation of the volume V of the cooling liquid when the accumulation result is not smaller than the volume V of the cooling channel inside the electric pile is determined as the number n of unit time required for the cooling liquid to flow through the electric pile. Further, by the formulaAnd obtainin