CN-122000394-A - Membrane electrode activation method, device, equipment and fuel cell

CN122000394ACN 122000394 ACN122000394 ACN 122000394ACN-122000394-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method, a device, equipment and a fuel cell for activating a membrane electrode, which are characterized in that cumulative calculation is carried out according to an ECSA integral calculation formula in a preset time period, the active area of the membrane electrode to be tested after activation by adopting a cyclic voltammetry method is judged to be larger than the preset active area, after an electrochemical workstation is removed, the membrane electrode to be tested is connected with a load, cathode gas of the membrane electrode to be tested is switched into air, anode gas is switched into hydrogen, and then high-frequency current transformation activation is carried out until the voltage of a battery is stabilized at a preset voltage value under a preset current density. The method adopts the cyclic voltammetry to perform activation, can remove impurities covering the active sites of the catalytic layer on the surface of the membrane electrode, accelerates the humidifying gas to enter the catalytic layer, ensures that the active area of the membrane electrode to be detected is larger than the preset active area, and then performs high-frequency variable current activation, so that an electron and proton mass transfer channel can be quickly constructed, thereby realizing the efficient establishment of a three-phase reaction interface, shortening the activation time and improving the activation efficiency.

Inventors

YANG FAN
LI CHUANLIANG
YANG TIANLE
ZHAO QING

Assignees

山东国创燃料电池技术创新中心有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260204

Claims (10)

1. A method of activating a membrane electrode, comprising: testing a membrane electrode to be tested to obtain the initial active area of the membrane electrode to be tested; After the membrane electrode to be detected is connected with an electrochemical workstation, activating by adopting a cyclic voltammetry; performing cumulative calculation according to an ECSA integral calculation formula in a preset time period to obtain an active area of the membrane electrode to be tested after activation by a cyclic voltammetry; When the active area of the membrane electrode to be tested after activation by cyclic voltammetry is larger than the preset active area, and the electrochemical workstation is removed, connecting the membrane electrode to be tested with a load, switching cathode gas of the membrane electrode to be tested into air, switching anode gas into hydrogen, and performing high-frequency current transformation activation until the battery voltage is stabilized at a preset voltage value under a preset current density.
2. The method for activating a membrane electrode according to claim 1, wherein before the testing of the membrane electrode to be tested to obtain the initial active area of the membrane electrode to be tested, further comprises: cutting the membrane electrode to be tested into a target size matched with a test fixture, and then performing single cell performance test on a fuel cell connection test bench assembled by the membrane electrode to be tested; And introducing nitrogen into the cathode and the anode of the membrane electrode to be tested, and setting test conditions under the conditions.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the minimum voltage range is 0.05 to 0.2v and the maximum voltage range is 0.9 to 1.2v when the cyclic voltammetry is used for activation.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein after switching the cathode gas of the membrane electrode to be measured to air and the anode gas to hydrogen, performing high-frequency current-converting activation of the membrane electrode to be measured comprises: Carrying out current rising treatment on the membrane electrode to be detected according to a preset lifting speed, carrying out current falling treatment on the membrane electrode to be detected according to the preset lifting speed after detecting that the voltage of the membrane electrode to be detected is smaller than or equal to a first preset voltage value and stabilizing for a first preset time, and recording as first high-frequency current activation when detecting that the voltage of the membrane electrode to be detected is equal to an open-circuit voltage value; The value range of the first preset voltage value is 0.2-0.35V, and the value range of the open-circuit voltage value is 0.92-0.96V.
5. The method of activating a membrane electrode according to claim 4, wherein the high-frequency current-variable activating the membrane electrode to be measured further comprises: And circulating the high-frequency current for a preset number of times.
6. An activation device for a membrane electrode, comprising: the initial active area acquisition module is used for testing the membrane electrode to be tested and acquiring the initial active area of the membrane electrode to be tested; the cyclic voltammetry activation module is used for activating the membrane electrode to be detected by adopting cyclic voltammetry after the membrane electrode to be detected is connected with an electrochemical workstation; The initial active area acquisition module is also used for carrying out cumulative calculation according to an ECSA integral calculation formula in a preset time period to acquire the active area of the membrane electrode to be tested after activation by a cyclic voltammetry; And the high-frequency current-converting activation module is used for carrying out high-frequency current-converting activation after judging that the active area of the membrane electrode to be tested after activation by adopting a cyclic voltammetry is larger than a preset active area, dismantling the electrochemical workstation, connecting the membrane electrode to be tested with a load, switching cathode gas of the membrane electrode to be tested into air and anode gas into hydrogen, and stabilizing the battery voltage at a preset voltage value under a preset current density.
7. The membrane electrode activation device according to claim 6, further comprising: The single cell performance test module is used for performing single cell performance test on the fuel cell connection test bench assembled by the membrane electrode to be tested after cutting the membrane electrode to be tested into a target size matched with the test fixture; And the test condition setting module is used for introducing nitrogen into the cathode and the anode of the membrane electrode to be tested and setting test conditions under the conditions.
8. An activation apparatus for a membrane electrode, characterized in that the activation apparatus for a membrane electrode comprises: and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of activating a membrane electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
9. A fuel cell characterized in that the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is activated by the activation method of the membrane electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
10. The fuel cell of claim 9, wherein the membrane electrode of the fuel cell comprises a hydrophobic membrane electrode.

Description

Membrane electrode activation method, device, equipment and fuel cell Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a fuel cell for activating a membrane electrode. Background Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that directly convert chemical energy of externally supplied fuel and oxidant into electrical energy (direct current) and generate heat and reaction products. The membrane electrode is a component formed by combining an electrolyte membrane, gas diffusion electrodes or catalyst coating membranes respectively arranged on two sides of the electrolyte membrane and gas diffusion layers respectively arranged on two sides of the electrolyte membrane through a certain process. Before the newly assembled fuel cell normally operates, the membrane electrode is usually required to be activated, so as to effectively construct a proton, electron and gas transmission network inside the fuel cell, and further exert the optimal performance of the membrane electrode. The surface of the hydrophobic membrane electrode catalytic layer has low oxygen content, poor hydrophilicity, low porosity, larger transmission resistance of protons and gases and difficult activation. The prior art method is usually a single forced output current activation mode, and the required activation time is long and the efficiency is low. For super-hydrophobic membrane electrodes, ordered membrane electrodes and other functionalized membrane electrodes, it is relatively difficult to open proton transfer channels. The single current transformation or cyclic voltammetry activation cannot realize the effective establishment of the transmission channels of electrons, gases, protons and the like in the catalytic layer. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a method, a device and equipment for activating a membrane electrode and a fuel cell, which can shorten the activation time of the membrane electrode and improve the activation efficiency. In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for activating a membrane electrode, including: testing a membrane electrode to be tested to obtain the initial active area of the membrane electrode to be tested; After the membrane electrode to be detected is connected with an electrochemical workstation, activating by adopting a cyclic voltammetry; performing cumulative calculation according to an ECSA integral calculation formula in a preset time period to obtain an active area of the membrane electrode to be tested after activation by a cyclic voltammetry; When the active area of the membrane electrode to be tested after activation by cyclic voltammetry is larger than the preset active area, and the electrochemical workstation is removed, connecting the membrane electrode to be tested with a load, switching cathode gas of the membrane electrode to be tested into air, switching anode gas into hydrogen, and performing high-frequency current transformation activation until the battery voltage is stabilized at a preset voltage value under a preset current density. Optionally, before the testing the membrane electrode to be tested to obtain the initial active area of the membrane electrode to be tested, the method further includes: cutting the membrane electrode to be tested into a target size matched with a test fixture, and then performing single cell performance test on a fuel cell connection test bench assembled by the membrane electrode to be tested; And introducing nitrogen into the cathode and the anode of the membrane electrode to be tested, and setting test conditions under the conditions. Optionally, the minimum voltage range is 0.05-0.2V and the maximum voltage range is 0.9-1.2V when the cyclic voltammetry is adopted for activation. Optionally, after the cathode gas of the membrane electrode to be tested is switched to air and the anode gas is switched to hydrogen, performing high-frequency current transformation activation on the membrane electrode to be tested includes: Carrying out current rising treatment on the membrane electrode to be detected according to a preset lifting speed, carrying out current falling treatment on the membrane electrode to be detected according to the preset lifting speed after detecting that the voltage of the membrane electrode to be detected is smaller than or equal to a first preset voltage value and stabilizing for a first preset time, and recording as first high-frequency current activation when detecting that the voltage of the membrane electrode to be detected is equal to an open-circuit voltage value; The value range of the first preset voltage value is 0.2-0.35V, and the value range of the open-circuit voltage value is 0.92-0.96V. Optionally, the high-frequency current-variable activating of the membrane electrode to be tested further includes: And circulating the high-frequency current for a preset number of times. In a secon