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CN-122000541-A - Modularized phase-change cooling system, energy storage equipment and thermal management method

CN122000541ACN 122000541 ACN122000541 ACN 122000541ACN-122000541-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized phase change cooling system, energy storage equipment and a thermal management method, which relate to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage thermal management and comprise a plurality of mutually independent battery pack modules; the liquid phase series passive overflow loop connects the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of each battery pack module in series in sequence. The modularized phase change cooling system adopts the design of liquid phase series overflow, can automatically and synchronously keep the liquid level in all independent modules consistent without any sensor, controller or actuator, and has simple structure and high reliability. The vapor phase parallel connection and liquid phase series connection design ensures that the vapor outlet pressure of each battery pack module is balanced, provides a consistent high-efficiency phase-change heat dissipation environment for all battery cells, simultaneously eliminates the requirement on a large-scale active control component, remarkably improves the volume energy density of the whole battery cluster, and is beneficial to reducing the occupied area of equipment.

Inventors

  • JU GUIDONG
  • WANG JUNYI
  • SUN ATAN
  • LIU TINGTING
  • ZHOU HUINIAN
  • LI LONG

Assignees

  • 双良节能系统股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260320

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A modular phase change cooling system, comprising: Each battery pack module comprises a sealed shell (2), a plurality of electric cores (1) arranged in the sealed shell (2) and an insulating liquid phase change working medium (3) immersed in at least the lower part of the electric cores (1), a steam outlet (6) arranged on the sealed shell (2), and a liquid inlet (11) and a liquid outlet (12) arranged on the sealed shell (2); A gas-phase parallel circuit for connecting the steam outlets (6) of all the battery pack modules in parallel to the inlet of the condensing device (9) so as to enable the steam outlets (6) of the battery pack modules to be in a parallel connection state; The liquid phase is connected in series with a passive overflow loop, and a liquid inlet (11) and a liquid outlet (12) of each battery pack module are sequentially connected in series and are communicated with an outlet of the condensing device (9); When the liquid level inside one of the battery pack modules reaches a preset height, the liquid can flow out of the liquid outlet (12) of the battery pack module and enter the liquid inlet (11) of the next battery pack module, so that passive overflow balance of the liquid levels in all the battery pack modules is realized.
  2. 2. Modular phase change cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid inlet (11) and the liquid outlet (12) are located at the same level.
  3. 3. The modular phase change cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the inner top of the sealed housing (2) of each battery pack module is provided with a gas collection chamber (4), the gas collection chamber (4) is communicated with the steam outlet (6), the bottom of the gas collection chamber (4) is provided with a partition plate (5), and the partition plate (5) is provided with a through hole (16) for steam to pass through.
  4. 4. A modular phase change cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that the steam outlet (6) is located in a top central position of the sealed enclosure (2).
  5. 5. The modular phase change cooling system of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of the battery pack modules are disposed in a height direction.
  6. 6. The modular phase change cooling system according to claim 5, wherein the gas phase parallel circuit comprises a common steam header (8) and a plurality of steam connection branches (7), each steam connection branch (7) connecting a steam outlet (6) of one of the battery pack modules with the common steam header (8), the common steam header (8) being connected to an inlet of the condensing means (9).
  7. 7. Modular phase change cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that the liquid phase series passive overflow circuit comprises a total return pipe (10) and a plurality of external series connection pipes (13), the total return pipe (10) connecting the outlet of the condensing device (9) with the inlet (11) of the uppermost one of the battery pack modules, the external series connection pipes (13) being used for connecting the outlet (12) of the preceding one of the battery pack modules with the inlet (11) of the following one of the battery pack modules.
  8. 8. Modular phase change cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam outlet (6) is provided with a first valve and the liquid inlet (11) and the liquid outlet (12) are provided with a second valve.
  9. 9. An energy storage device comprising a modular phase change cooling system according to any of claims 1 to 8.
  10. 10. A method of thermal management, applied to a modular phase change cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: Filling an insulating liquid phase change working medium (3) into the liquid phase series passive overflow loop until the liquid level in all the battery pack modules reaches a preset height; The electric core (1) in each battery pack module generates heat to enable the insulating liquid phase change working medium (3) to be vaporized, steam is collected to the condensing device (9) through the gas-phase parallel circuit and condensed into liquid, and the condensed liquid returns to the liquid-phase series passive overflow circuit, so that the liquid levels in all battery pack modules are in passive overflow balance.

Description

Modularized phase-change cooling system, energy storage equipment and thermal management method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage and thermal management, in particular to a modularized phase change cooling system, energy storage equipment and a thermal management method. Background With the large-scale application of electrochemical energy storage represented by lithium ion batteries in electric power systems, the performance, reliability and maintainability of thermal management systems thereof become key challenges. When the battery works, heat is generated, if the heat dissipation is uneven or the efficiency is low, the temperature of the battery is increased and the temperature difference is overlarge, so that the aging is accelerated, the service life is shortened, and even safety accidents such as thermal runaway and the like are caused. The main stream air cooling scheme has the advantages of simple structure, poor temperature uniformity and limited heat dissipation capacity, and the liquid cooling scheme has the inherent defects of complex pipelines, high leakage risk, uneven cooling liquid distribution, difficult maintenance (the integral liquid drainage of a system is often required) and the like although the liquid cooling scheme has strong heat dissipation capacity. The phase change cooling technology utilizes the latent heat of vaporization of working media to absorb heat, can theoretically realize extremely high heat dissipation efficiency and excellent temperature uniformity, but faces serious challenges when being applied to an energy storage system formed by multiple modules, namely, 1, the system is usually of a strong coupling design, faults are difficult to isolate, maintenance needs to be stopped integrally, usability is low, 2, gas-liquid two-phase flow distribution and control among multiple modules are extremely complex, expensive active control systems (such as pumps, valves, sensor arrays and the like) are often relied on, and the cost is high and the reliability is reduced. Accordingly, there remains a shortcoming and a deficiency in the prior art, and there is a strong need in the art for an innovative thermal management architecture that satisfies the requirements of energy storage systems for high heat dissipation, high operational reliability, and high maintenance convenience. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a modularized phase-change cooling system, energy storage equipment and a thermal management method, which solve the technical problems of various defects when the existing air cooling scheme, liquid cooling scheme and phase-change cooling technology are applied to the energy storage system. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a modular phase change cooling system comprising: The battery pack comprises a plurality of mutually independent battery pack modules, a steam outlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, wherein the battery pack modules comprise a sealed shell, a plurality of electric cores arranged in the sealed shell and an insulating liquid phase change working medium immersed in at least the lower part of the electric cores; A gas-phase parallel circuit for connecting the steam outlets of all the battery pack modules in parallel to the inlet of the condensing device so as to enable the steam outlets of all the battery pack modules to be in a parallel connection state; The liquid phase is connected in series with a passive overflow loop, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of each battery pack module are sequentially connected in series and are communicated with an outlet of the condensing device; When the liquid level inside one of the battery pack modules reaches a preset height, the liquid can flow out from the liquid outlet of the battery pack module and enter the liquid inlet of the next battery pack module, so that passive overflow balance of the liquid level inside all the battery pack modules is realized. In some embodiments, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are located at the same height. In some technical schemes, an air collecting cavity is arranged at the inner top of the sealed shell of each battery pack module, the air collecting cavity is communicated with the steam outlet, a partition plate is arranged at the bottom of the air collecting cavity, and a through hole for steam to pass through is formed in the partition plate. In some embodiments, the steam outlet is located at a top center of the sealed enclosure. In some embodiments, a plurality of the battery pack modules are disposed in a height direction. In some embodiments, the vapor phase parallel circuit includes a common vapor manifold and a plurality of vapor connection branches, each of the vapor connection branches connecting a vapor outlet of one of the battery pack modules with the common vapor manifold, the common vapor manifold being connected to an inlet of the condensin