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CN-122000675-A - Stable wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna

CN122000675ACN 122000675 ACN122000675 ACN 122000675ACN-122000675-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a stable wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna, which is characterized in that a pair of inclined Y-shaped metal structures and a pair of inverted L-shaped metal structures are respectively and symmetrically distributed on the front side and the rear side of a dipole in a face-to-face and back-to-back manner, and the wide-band E-plane beam broadening and broadband impedance matching end-fire antenna is realized by utilizing the multi-current distribution and resonance of the inclined Y-shaped metal structures and the vertical current compensation of the inverted L-shaped metal structures and the effect of reducing quality factors, and has the characteristics of high beam broadening degree and good beam width consistency.

Inventors

  • SHI JIN
  • YU DENGHUI
  • HAN YONGZHENG
  • XU KAI
  • JIANG RUIRUI
  • ZHANG LINGYAN

Assignees

  • 南通大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260316

Claims (9)

  1. 1. A stable wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna, comprising: A dielectric substrate (201); the top metal structure comprises a pair of planar printed dipole pairs (101) and two inclined Y-shaped metal structures (102), wherein the facing surfaces of the two inclined Y-shaped metal structures (102) are symmetrically distributed on the two sides in front of the planar printed dipole pairs (101); The bottom metal structure comprises two inverted L-shaped metal structures (301), wherein the two inverted L-shaped metal structures (301) are symmetrically distributed on the two rear sides of the planar printed dipole pair (101) back to back; and a balun structure through which a signal is input, exciting the planar printed dipole pair (101), and coupled to the two inclined Y-shaped metal structures (102) and the two inverted L-shaped metal structures (301).
  2. 2. The stable wide beam broadband end fire antenna of claim 1, wherein said oblique Y-shaped metal structure (102) is comprised of a section of horizontal branches, a section of oblique branches, and a section of vertical branches, and wherein a centerline of said vertical branches is aligned with left and right open ends of said planar printed dipole pair (101).
  3. 3. The stable wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna according to claim 2, wherein in the oblique Y-shaped metal structure (102), the length of the horizontal branch is 0.15λ 0 ~0.17λ 0 , the length of the oblique branch is 0.15λ 0 ~0.17λ 0 , and the length of the vertical branch is 0.14λ 0 ~0.16λ 0 ,λ 0 , which is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
  4. 4. The stable wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna according to claim 2, wherein the balun structure comprises a coplanar coupling line (103), a stepped annular metal strip (104) and a metal strip (105) which are positioned on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (201), and a metal ground (302) which is positioned on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (201), wherein the coplanar coupling line (103), the stepped annular metal strip (104) and the metal strip (105) are sequentially connected along the opposite direction of antenna end-fire, the top end of the coplanar coupling line (103) is connected with the feed end of the planar printed dipole pair (101), the inverted-L-shaped metal structure (301) is composed of a section of vertical arm and a section of horizontal arm, and the lower end of the vertical arm is connected with the metal ground (302).
  5. 5. The stable wide beam broadband end fire antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that the inner sides of the vertical arms of the two inverted-L metal structures (301) are aligned up and down with the left and right open ends of the planar printed dipole pair (101).
  6. 6. The stable wide beam broadband end-fire antenna of claim 5, wherein in said inverted-L metal structure (301), the length of the vertical arm is 0.08λ 0 -0.09λ 0 and the length of the horizontal arm is 0.07 λ 0 -0.08λ 0 .
  7. 7. The stable wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna according to any one of claims 2-7, wherein, when an input signal excites the antenna to work, in a resonance mode of the inclined Y-shaped metal structure (102), an upper current is split from an inclined branch to a horizontal branch and a vertical branch, the resonance mode can add a high-frequency resonance point outside a resonance point of a planar printed dipole pair (101), meanwhile, all vertical current components of the inclined Y-shaped metal structure (102) can effectively broaden the beam width of a high-frequency resonance area in a frequency band, and the horizontal current components of the inclined Y-shaped metal structure (102) are used for compensating far-field signal intensity in an end-fire direction and avoid forming a radiation concave area in the end-fire direction.
  8. 8. The stable wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna according to claim 8, wherein the beam width flatness in the entire wide-band operating frequency band is adjusted by adjusting the inclination of the inclined branches in such a manner that the beam width in the low-frequency region increases and the beam width in the high-frequency region decreases as the downward inclination increases.
  9. 9. The stable wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna of claim 8, wherein said inverted-L metal structure (301) is capable of reducing the quality factor of the radiator, widening the impedance matching bandwidth, and effectively widening the beamwidth in the low frequency region of the band by creating a vertical current on the vertical arm by capacitive coupling with said planar printed dipole pair (101).

Description

Stable wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna Technical Field The present invention relates to a microwave communication device, and more particularly, to an end-fire antenna. Background The broadband end-fire antenna is an antenna which maintains the end-fire radiation characteristic in a broadband range, can support multi-band fusion, maintains the structural advantage of the end-fire antenna, and has been widely applied to modern antenna design. However, the limited beamwidth of conventional wideband end-fire antennas limits the wide area coverage or wide angle scanning capabilities of the end-fire antennas, which are more desirable. The degree of beam broadening and the stability of the beam width are key capabilities of corresponding wide-beam broadband end-fire antennas, the former relates to coverage, and the latter relates to uniformity of the beam width in a broadband. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a broadband end-fire antenna that stabilizes a wide beam. The existing wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna mainly comprises two types, namely a dipole folded by two arms is combined with metal ground to achieve the effect of beam broadening, but has the problems that the working bandwidth is narrow, the high beam broadening degree and the beam width stability cannot be considered, and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a broadband end-fire antenna that stabilizes a wide beam, and that can realize broadband operation simultaneously, high-level beam broadening, and good beam stability over a wide band. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides a stable wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna which can give consideration to broadband operation and high beam widening degree on the basis of ensuring better beam width consistency in an operating frequency band. The technical scheme is that the stable wide-beam broadband end-fire antenna comprises: A dielectric substrate; The top metal structure comprises a pair of planar printed dipole pairs and two inclined Y-shaped metal structures, wherein the two inclined Y-shaped metal structures are symmetrically distributed on the two sides in front of the planar printed dipole pairs in a face-to-face manner; The bottom metal structure comprises two inverted L-shaped metal structures which are symmetrically distributed on the two rear sides of the planar printed dipole pair back to back; And a balun structure through which signals are input to excite the planar printed dipole pair and coupled to the two inclined Y-shaped metal structures and the two inverted L-shaped metal structures. Further, the inclined Y-shaped metal structure is composed of a section of horizontal branch, a section of inclined branch and a section of vertical branch, and the central line of the vertical branch is aligned with the left open end and the right open end of the planar printed dipole pair. Further, in the inclined Y-shaped metal structure, the length of the horizontal branch is 0.15λ 0~0.17λ0, the length of the inclined branch is 0.15λ 0~0.17λ0, and the length of the vertical branch is 0.14λ 0~0.16λ0,λ0, which is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency. The balun structure comprises a dielectric substrate, a coplanar coupling line, a stepped annular metal strip, a metal strip and a metal ground, wherein the coplanar coupling line, the stepped annular metal strip and the metal strip are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the metal ground is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, the coplanar coupling line, the stepped annular metal strip and the metal strip are sequentially connected in the reverse direction of antenna shooting, the top end of the coplanar coupling line is connected with the feed end of the planar printed dipole pair, the inverted L-shaped metal structure consists of a section of vertical arm and a section of horizontal arm, and the lower end of the vertical arm is connected with the metal ground. Further, the inner side edges of the vertical arms of the two inverted L-shaped metal structures are aligned up and down with the left and right open ends of the planar printed dipole pair. Further, in the inverted L-shaped metal structure, the length of the vertical arm is 0.08λ 0-0.09λ0, and the length of the horizontal arm is 0.07 λ 0-0.08λ0. Furthermore, when an input signal excites the antenna to work, in a resonance mode of the inclined Y-shaped metal structure, upper current is split from an inclined branch to a horizontal branch and a vertical branch, the resonance mode can be added with a high-frequency resonance point outside a plane printing dipole pair resonance point, meanwhile, all vertical current components of the inclined Y-shaped metal structure can effectively widen the beam width of a high-frequency resonance area in a frequency band, and the horizontal current components of the inclined Y-shaped metal structure are used for compensating far-fiel