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CN-122000682-A - Antenna assembly, circuit board module and network equipment

CN122000682ACN 122000682 ACN122000682 ACN 122000682ACN-122000682-A

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses an antenna assembly, a circuit board module and network equipment, and relates to the field of antennas. The purpose is to improve the performance of the antenna assembly. The antenna assembly comprises a first dipole antenna, a second dipole antenna and a third dipole antenna. The first branch of the first dipole antenna is used for feeding the second dipole antenna, and the second branch is used for feeding the third dipole antenna, so that series feeding is realized. The first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna are close in distance, and the phases of currents of the first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna are close to opposite. The first dipole antenna and the third dipole antenna are closer, and the phases of the second dipole antenna and the third dipole antenna are close to the same. The current radiation mode can effectively solve the problem that the directional diagram of the antenna assembly is out of round, improve the back lobe gain of the antenna assembly in the horizontal plane, improve the performance of the antenna assembly, and have better performance even if the clearance area of the antenna assembly is smaller.

Inventors

  • LI MEI
  • LUO WENTAO
  • ZHU WEI
  • TANG MINGCHUN
  • WU JIAHUI

Assignees

  • 华为技术有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20241107

Claims (17)

  1. 1. An antenna assembly (100), characterized in that the antenna assembly (100) comprises: A substrate (140); A first dipole antenna (110) disposed on the substrate (140), the first dipole antenna (110) including a first branch (111) and a second branch (112); A second dipole antenna (120) disposed on the substrate (140), the second dipole antenna (120) being coupled to the first branch (111), the first branch (111) being configured to feed the second dipole antenna (120), and A third dipole antenna (130) disposed on the substrate (140), the third dipole antenna (130) being coupled to the second stub (112), the second stub (112) being configured to feed the third dipole antenna (130); -a center frequency of the third dipole antenna (130), a center frequency of the second dipole antenna (120) and a center frequency of the first dipole antenna (110) are equal; The shortest distance between the first branch (111) and the second dipole antenna (120) is smaller than or equal to 0.2 times lambda, the shortest distance between the second branch (112) and the third dipole antenna (130) is smaller than or equal to 0.2 times lambda, and lambda is a vacuum wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first dipole antenna (110).
  2. 2. The antenna assembly (100) of claim 1, wherein the antenna assembly (100) further comprises a first conductive member (151), and wherein the second dipole antenna (120) being coupled to the first stub (111) comprises the second dipole antenna (120) being connected to the first stub (111) via the first conductive member (151).
  3. 3. The antenna assembly (100) of claim 2, wherein the length of the first conductive element (151) is less than or equal to 0.2 x.
  4. 4. An antenna assembly (100) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the width of the first conductive element (151) is less than or equal to 0.05 times λ.
  5. 5. The antenna assembly (100) according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein the first branch (111) is a U-shaped structure, the U-shaped structure comprising a first straight edge (1101), a second straight edge (1102) and a third straight edge (1103) connected in sequence, wherein a radiation end of the first branch (111) is located at the third straight edge (1103); The connection of the second dipole antenna (120) and the first branch (111) through the first conductive element (151) comprises that the second dipole antenna (120) and the second straight edge (1102) are connected through the first conductive element (151), or that the second dipole antenna (120) and the third straight edge (1103) are connected through the first conductive element (151).
  6. 6. The antenna assembly (100) of claim 5, wherein a projection of the first conductive element (151) onto the first stub (111) is located within the third straight edge (1103) along an extension of a slot of the first dipole antenna (110).
  7. 7. The antenna assembly (100) of any of claims 1-6, wherein the antenna assembly (100) further comprises a parasitic antenna (160), the parasitic antenna (160) being disposed on the substrate (140), a projection of the parasitic antenna (160) onto the first dipole antenna (110) being a first projection along an extension direction of a slot of the first dipole antenna (110), the first projection overlapping the first dipole antenna (110).
  8. 8. The antenna assembly (100) of claim 7, wherein the first branch (111) and the second branch (112) each overlap the first projection.
  9. 9. The antenna assembly (100) of any of claims 1-8, wherein the perpendicular projection of the second dipole antenna (120) onto the substrate (140) and the perpendicular projection of the third dipole antenna (130) onto the substrate (140) are symmetrical about a virtual axis, the virtual axis being parallel to the direction of extension of the slot of the first dipole antenna (110).
  10. 10. The antenna assembly (100) of any of claims 1-9, wherein the opening of the first dipole antenna (110) is oriented opposite the opening of the second dipole antenna (120), and wherein the opening of the second dipole antenna (120) is oriented the same as the opening of the third dipole antenna (130).
  11. 11. The antenna assembly (100) of any of claims 1-10, wherein the width of the first stub (111) increases gradually from the feed end to the radiating end of the first dipole antenna (110).
  12. 12. The antenna assembly (100) of any of claims 1-11, wherein the width of the branches of the second dipole antenna (120) gradually decreases from the center of the second dipole antenna (120) to the radiating end.
  13. 13. A circuit board module (21), characterized in that the circuit board module (21) comprises a printed circuit board (30) and an antenna assembly (100) according to any one of claims 1-12, the printed circuit board (30) comprising a board body (31) and a wiring layer (32), the wiring layer (32) being arranged on the board body (31), the substrate (140) being connected to the board body (31).
  14. 14. The circuit board module (21) of claim 13 wherein the substrate (140) is directly connected to the board body (31).
  15. 15. The circuit board module (21) of claim 13 or 14, wherein the shortest distance of the first dipole antenna (110) to the wiring layer (32) is a first value, the shortest distance of the second dipole antenna (120) to the wiring layer (32) is a second value, the shortest distance of the third dipole antenna (130) to the wiring layer (32) is a third value, the first value is greater than the second value, and the first value is greater than the third value.
  16. 16. The circuit board module (21) of any of claims 13-15, wherein the opening of the first dipole antenna (110) is oriented in a direction away from the wiring layer (32).
  17. 17. A network device (10), characterized in that the network device (10) comprises a housing (20) and a circuit board module (21) according to any of claims 13-16, the circuit board module (21) being located within the housing (20).

Description

Antenna assembly, circuit board module and network equipment Technical Field The present application relates to the field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna assembly, a circuit board module, and a network device. Background With the development of communication technology and electronic devices, users have higher demands on the performance and size of the electronic devices. The size and performance requirements of antenna structures within electronic devices have increased due to the size and other structural limitations of the electronic devices. How to improve the performance of the antenna structure in the electronic device is a problem that needs to be solved at present. Disclosure of Invention The application provides an antenna assembly, a circuit board module and network equipment, and aims to improve performance of the antenna assembly. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme. In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna assembly. The antenna assembly includes a substrate, a first dipole antenna, a second dipole antenna, and a third dipole antenna. The first dipole antenna is arranged on the substrate and comprises a first branch and a second branch. The second dipole antenna is arranged on the substrate. The second dipole antenna is coupled to the first stub for feeding the second dipole antenna. The third dipole antenna is arranged on the substrate. The third dipole antenna is coupled to the second stub for feeding the third dipole antenna. The center frequency of the third dipole antenna, the center frequency of the second dipole antenna and the center frequency of the first dipole antenna are equal. The shortest distance between the first stub and the second dipole antenna is less than or equal to 0.2 times λ. The shortest distance between the second branch and the third dipole antenna is smaller than or equal to 0.2 times lambda, and lambda is the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first dipole antenna. In this way, the first dipole antenna, the second dipole antenna and the third dipole antenna realize series feeding. The shortest distance between the first stub and the second dipole antenna is less than or equal to 0.2 times lambda. And the shortest distance between the second stub and the third dipole antenna is less than or equal to 0.2 times lambda. The difference between the current phase of the first dipole antenna and the current phase of the second dipole antenna is made to be approximately 180 ° (degrees), and the difference between the current phase of the second dipole antenna and the current phase of the third dipole antenna is made to be approximately 0 °. The current radiation mode can effectively solve the problem that the directional diagram of the antenna assembly is out of round, improve the back lobe gain of the antenna assembly in the H plane, improve the performance of the antenna assembly, and have better performance even if the clearance area of the antenna assembly is smaller. With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations, the antenna assembly further includes a first conductive member, and the coupling of the second dipole antenna with the first stub includes the second dipole antenna being connected with the first stub through the first conductive member. Therefore, compared with the second dipole antenna and the first branch which are coupled through the gap, the second dipole antenna and the first branch are coupled through the first conductive piece, and the current distribution on the second dipole antenna is improved. The current phase on the second dipole antenna is opposite to the current phase of the first dipole antenna, so that the back lobe gain of the H plane in the antenna assembly directional diagram is improved, and the performance of the antenna assembly is improved. With reference to the first aspect, in some realizable modes, a length of the first conductive member is less than or equal to 0.2 times λ. As such, the difference between the phase of the current on the second dipole antenna and the phase of the current on the first dipole antenna is closer to 180 °. The problem of out-of-roundness of the antenna assembly pattern is advantageously improved. With reference to the first aspect, in some realizable modes, a width of the first conductive member is less than or equal to 0.05 times λ. In this way, it is advantageous that the current phase of the second dipole antenna is opposite to the current phase of the first dipole antenna. The problem of out-of-roundness of the antenna assembly pattern is advantageously improved. With reference to the first aspect, in some realizable manners, the first branch node is a U-shaped structure, and the U-shaped structure includes a first straight edge, a second straight edge, and a third straight edge that are sequentially connected. The radiation end of the first branch is position