CN-122000686-A - Dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna based on rectangular slot

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna based on a rectangular slot, and belongs to the technical field of antennas for wireless communication. The antenna comprises a 1 multiplied by 2 symmetrical antenna unit array, wherein the antenna unit array is formed by a top metal layer, a dielectric substrate, a bottom metal layer and coaxial probes in sequence, double-frequency rectangular grooves are etched at the upper edge and the lower edge of two parallel rectangular metal patches on the top, decoupling rectangular grooves are formed in two sides of the upper portion, the decoupling rectangular grooves are arranged between the double-frequency rectangular grooves and a feed port, and the coaxial probes penetrate through the substrate and are connected with the patches to form the feed port. According to the invention, dual-band resonance is realized through the dual-frequency rectangular groove, decoupling of antenna units is realized through decoupling of the rectangular groove in a dual-band synchronous weak field area, and meanwhile, the radiation pattern is corrected, so that the isolation degree and radiation performance of an antenna port are improved on the premise of not increasing the patch size and keeping a low profile, and a new antenna solution is provided for a high-performance wireless communication system.

Inventors

• LI JUNXIAN
• ZHANG LINGYAN
• CHANG GUANGMING
• FAN MENGYAN
• XU KAI
• SHI JIN
• ZHANG WEI

Assignees

• 南通大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260212

Claims (8)

1. 1. The dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna based on the rectangular slot is characterized by comprising a1 multiplied by 2 antenna unit array, wherein the antenna unit array adopts a symmetrical structure design, comprises a top metal layer, a dielectric substrate and a bottom metal layer which are sequentially overlapped, and further comprises a coaxial probe for feeding; The top metal layer comprises two rectangular metal patches which are arranged side by side along the horizontal direction, the upper edge and the lower edge of each rectangular metal patch are respectively provided with a double-frequency rectangular groove parallel to the edges of the patches, and the two sides of the upper part of each rectangular metal patch are symmetrically provided with decoupling rectangular grooves which are arranged along the horizontal direction; The inner conductor of the coaxial probe penetrates through the bottom metal layer and the dielectric substrate, is connected with the two rectangular metal patches respectively to form a feed port, double-frequency resonance is achieved through the double-frequency rectangular groove, and mutual decoupling and radiation pattern correction among the antenna units in the double frequency range are achieved through the decoupling rectangular groove.
2. 2. The rectangular slot-based dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna of claim 1, wherein the feeding point of the coaxial probe is disposed on a vertical direction mid-line of the rectangular metal patch, and the feeding point is at an optimal excitation position of TM 10 mode, so that the rectangular metal patch synchronously generates quasi TM 10 mode in dual frequency bands and radiates outwards.
3. 3. The rectangular-slot-based dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein the decoupling rectangular slots form a dual-band weak field region at the feed position of the coupling patch by changing the distribution rule of the induced electromagnetic field between adjacent rectangular metal patches, and block the transmission of the induced electromagnetic field to the feed port, thereby realizing the bidirectional decoupling between antenna units.
4. 4. The rectangular-slot-based dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein the bottom metal layer is laid on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate as a metal land, and through holes for the inner conductors fed by the coaxial probes are correspondingly formed in the bottom metal layer.
5. 5. The dual-band MIMO decoupling patch antenna of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the rectangular metal patches have a length of 0.3λ 0 -0.35λ 0 in the horizontal direction and a width of 0.15λ 0 -0.20λ 0 in the vertical direction, and the two rectangular metal patches have a side-to-side spacing of 0.035λ 0 -0.04λ 0 ,λ 0 as the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
6. 6. The rectangular slot-based dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna of claim 5, wherein the upper and lower two dual-frequency rectangular slots on a single rectangular metal patch are symmetric about a horizontal centerline of the patch, all dual-frequency rectangular slots are uniform in size, have a slot length of 0.25λ 0 -0.3λ 0 and a slot width of 0.0015λ 0 -0.002λ 0 ,λ 0 as free space wavelengths corresponding to a center frequency, and the spacing between the edges of the dual-frequency rectangular slots and the edges of the corresponding rectangular metal patch is 0.0015λ 0 -0.002λ 0 .
7. 7. The rectangular slot-based dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna of claim 5, wherein each of said decoupling rectangular slots is uniform in size with a slot length of 0.1λ 0 -0.15λ 0 and a slot width of 0.01λ 0 -0.015λ 0 .
8. 8. The rectangular slot-based dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna of claim 5, wherein the spacing between the lower edge of the upper dual-frequency rectangular slot and the upper edge of the decoupling rectangular slot on a single rectangular metal patch is 0.0035λ 0 -0.004λ 0 .

Description

Dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna based on rectangular slot Technical Field The invention relates to an antenna for wireless communication, in particular to a dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna. Background Compared with a single-frequency antenna, the dual-frequency antenna can remarkably improve the channel capacity and the spectrum utilization efficiency of a communication system. However, with the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the problem of mutual coupling is always a key bottleneck that limits further improvement of system performance. Mutual interference between antennas causes a series of problems such as deterioration of impedance matching, distortion of radiation pattern, and deterioration of overall radiation performance. Most of the existing decoupling technologies are designed for single-frequency antennas, but the existing decoupling technologies can effectively inhibit the coupling between the single-frequency antennas, but are difficult to be directly applied to dual-frequency antennas, because the latter are required to realize decoupling on two working frequency bands at the same time. Therefore, it is significant to explore a mutual coupling suppression method suitable for a dual-frequency antenna array. The prior art provides a double-frequency super-surface decoupling scheme, which can realize high isolation and simultaneously brings the problems of profile increase and structural complexity, and the decoupling optimization of a radiation pattern is not involved, so that the double-frequency super-surface decoupling scheme is difficult to be applied to an antenna array with high requirements on structural simplicity. In order to simultaneously realize mutual coupling inhibition and directional diagram consistency in the dual-band, the prior art further provides an improved dual-frequency super-surface decoupling method, and the problems of structural complexity and section size still have a further optimization space while keeping low coupling and directional diagram stability. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides a dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna based on a rectangular slot, which realizes the self-decoupling of the antenna in dual frequency bands and the effective decoupling of a radiation pattern on the premise of keeping a low profile and not increasing the size of a metal patch. The technical scheme is that the dual-frequency MIMO decoupling patch antenna based on the rectangular slot comprises a1 multiplied by 2 antenna unit array, wherein the antenna unit array adopts a symmetrical structure design, comprises a top metal layer, a dielectric substrate and a bottom metal layer which are sequentially overlapped, and further comprises a coaxial probe for feeding; The top metal layer comprises two rectangular metal patches which are arranged side by side along the horizontal direction, the upper edge and the lower edge of each rectangular metal patch are respectively provided with a double-frequency rectangular groove parallel to the edges of the patches, and the two sides of the upper part of each rectangular metal patch are symmetrically provided with decoupling rectangular grooves which are arranged along the horizontal direction; The inner conductor of the coaxial probe penetrates through the bottom metal layer and the dielectric substrate, is connected with the two rectangular metal patches respectively to form a feed port, double-frequency resonance is achieved through the double-frequency rectangular groove, and mutual decoupling and radiation pattern correction among the antenna units in the double frequency range are achieved through the decoupling rectangular groove. Further, the feeding point of the coaxial probe is arranged on the vertical middle line of the rectangular metal patch, and is positioned at the optimal excitation position of the TM 10 mode, so that the rectangular metal patch synchronously generates the quasi TM 10 mode in double frequency bands and radiates outwards. Furthermore, the decoupling rectangular grooves form a dual-band weak field area at the feed position of the coupling patch by changing the distribution rule of the induced electromagnetic field between the adjacent rectangular metal patches, so that the transmission of the induced electromagnetic field to the feed port is blocked, and the bidirectional decoupling between the antenna units is realized. Further, the bottom metal layer is laid on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate as a metal ground, and a through hole for the inner conductor of the coaxial probe to feed is correspondingly formed in the bottom metal layer. Further, the length of the rectangular metal patch in the horizontal direction is 0.3lambda 0-0.35λ0, the width of the rectangular metal patch in the vertical direction is 0.15lambda 0-0.20λ0, and the distance between the two rectangular metal patches from edge to edge is 0.035