CN-122000689-A - Discrete phase switchable interconnection reconfigurable intelligent surface unit structure based on tree connection

CN122000689ACN 122000689 ACN122000689 ACN 122000689ACN-122000689-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a discrete phase switchable interconnection reconfigurable intelligent surface unit structure based on tree connection. The unit structure comprises a plurality of radio frequency units and interconnection links, each radio frequency unit is provided with a port main line, the port main line is provided with at least two reflection taps used for grounding along the transmission direction of electromagnetic waves, the interconnection links are connected with the radio frequency units to form tree connection topology, and each interconnection link comprises at least two transmission branches with different electrical lengths. The radio frequency units are preferably three and are connected step by step through two interconnection links, the two ends of each interconnection link are provided with radio frequency switches and are synchronously switched with the link switches, the reflection tap comprises a control switch and a direct current bias network, and the single-port main line only allows one tap to be conducted at the same time. The invention effectively balances the degree of freedom and the topological complexity of regulation and control, enhances the off-diagonal scattering capability, has moderate discrete state scale, is convenient for engineering screening and calibration, greatly reduces the interconnection realization cost and the loss risk, and has good engineering realization friendliness.

Inventors

WAN JUN
LI XINRAN

Assignees

蓝箭鸿擎(雄安)空间科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260309

Claims (10)

1. A tree-connection-based discrete phase switchable interconnected reconfigurable intelligent surface cell structure, comprising: A plurality of RF units, each of the RF units including a port main line provided with at least two reflection taps for grounding along a transmission direction of electromagnetic waves, and An interconnect link configured to connect the plurality of radio frequency units to form a tree connection topology configured as a closed loop free hierarchical interconnect topology, wherein each of the interconnect links comprises at least two transmission branches of different electrical lengths.
2. The cell structure of claim 1, wherein the radio frequency units comprise first through third radio frequency units, the interconnect link comprises a first interconnect link connecting the first and second radio frequency units, and a second interconnect link connecting the second and third radio frequency units.
3. The cell structure of claim 2, wherein the first to third radio frequency units each include corresponding first to third port main lines, wherein: The first port main line is provided with a first connecting point, the second port main line is provided with a second connecting point and a third connecting point, and the third port main line is provided with a fourth connecting point.
4. A cell structure according to claim 3, wherein the first interconnecting link connects the first and second connection points and the second interconnecting link connects the third and fourth connection points.
5. The cell structure of claim 2, wherein either of the first and second interconnect links includes a short electrical length leg and a long electrical length leg configured to correspond to different discrete transmission phases by a difference in electrical length.
6. The cell structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: a first radio frequency switch having a common end connected to a first connection point and a throw end connected to the short and long electrical length branches of the first interconnect link, respectively; The common end of the second radio frequency switch is connected with a second connection point, and the throwing end of the second radio frequency switch is respectively connected with the short electric length branch and the long electric length branch of the first interconnection link; A third RF switch having a common terminal connected to a third connection point and a throw terminal connected to the short and long electrical length branches of the second interconnect link, respectively, and And the common end of the fourth radio frequency switch is connected with a fourth connecting point, and the throwing end of the fourth radio frequency switch is respectively connected with the short electric length branch and the long electric length branch of the second interconnection link.
7. The cell structure of claim 6, wherein the first and second radio frequency switches are switched synchronously by a first control signal and the third and fourth radio frequency switches are switched synchronously by a second control signal.
8. The cell structure of claim 1, wherein the reflection tap comprises: A control switch configured to control the ground of the reflection tap, and And the direct current bias network is configured to introduce direct current bias voltage to the control switch so as to realize on-off control of the control switch and block radio frequency signals from leaking to a bias line through the reflection tap.
9. The cell structure of claim 7, wherein for any port main line, only the control switch corresponding to one of the reflection taps is allowed to be in an on state at the same time.
10. A reconfigurable intelligent surface array comprising the cell structure of any of claims 1-9, wherein: the cell structures are repeatedly arranged in the array as basic blocks, and the basic blocks are not interconnected.

Description

Discrete phase switchable interconnection reconfigurable intelligent surface unit structure based on tree connection Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication and electromagnetic wave regulation and control, in particular to a discrete phase switchable interconnection reconfigurable intelligent surface unit structure based on tree connection. Background The reconfigurable intelligent surface (Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface, RIS) is an important research direction in the technical field of wireless communication and electromagnetic wave regulation, the electromagnetic regulation capability is directly determined by the design of a radio frequency interconnection network and discrete reconfigurable impedance, the reconfigurable intelligent surface with off-diagonal scattering capability is important in the research of the field because of the improvement of the regulation degree of freedom, and the key of the realization of the reconfigurable intelligent surface is the unit interconnection topology with reasonable design, and the joint regulation of controllable coupling and phase among ports is realized. The main stream implementation mode of the existing reconfigurable intelligent surface is that units are independently regulated and controlled, each reflecting unit changes the reflecting phase through switchable or tunable load, an interconnection structure is not arranged between the units, off-diagonal scattering capability of the structure is difficult to achieve, and the degree of freedom of combined amplitude-phase regulation and control of incident electromagnetic waves is obviously limited. In order to improve the degree of freedom of regulation and control, related research proposes to introduce radio frequency interconnection among a plurality of reconfigurable intelligent surface units, so that a system equivalent scattering matrix is provided with a non-diagonal term, and the non-diagonal scattering regulation and control is realized. The existing interconnection implementation scheme is mainly divided into two types, one is the paired packet (ng=2) interconnection, the structural form is the simplest, but only limited degree of freedom improvement can be realized, and the complex electromagnetic regulation and control requirements cannot be met. Secondly, the structure can realize the highest control degree of freedom, but the topology and the control logic are extremely complex, the number of required radio frequency switches and bias circuits is greatly increased, the insertion loss and parasitic coupling accumulation phenomena of signals are obvious, and the engineering realization cost is high. Therefore, in practical engineering application, a compromise-type RIS interconnection unit structure is needed, which solves the problems that in the prior art, off-diagonal scattering capability cannot be introduced under the condition of limited number of interconnection links, degree of freedom and topology complexity are difficult to balance and regulate, local reflection phase and interconnection coupling phase cannot be controlled in a combined manner in a discrete manner, interconnection implementation cost is high, loss risk is high, and wiring and bias complexity is high. Disclosure of Invention Starting from the prior art, the task of the invention is to provide a discrete phase switchable interconnection reconfigurable intelligent surface unit structure based on tree connection, which can effectively balance the complexity and regulation performance of the reconfigurable intelligent surface unit structure, give consideration to the operability of discrete states and the convenience of engineering realization, and greatly reduce the realization cost and loss risk of the interconnection structure. In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tree-connection-based discrete phase switchable interconnected reconfigurable intelligent surface cell structure comprising: A plurality of RF units, each of the RF units including a port main line provided with at least two reflection taps for grounding along a transmission direction of electromagnetic waves, and An interconnect link configured to connect the plurality of radio frequency units to form a tree connection topology configured as a closed loop free hierarchical interconnect topology, wherein each of the interconnect links comprises at least two transmission branches of different electrical lengths. Further, the radio frequency units include first to third radio frequency units, and the interconnection link includes a first interconnection link connecting the first radio frequency unit and the second radio frequency unit, and a second interconnection link connecting the second radio frequency unit and the third radio frequency unit. Further, the first to third radio frequency units respectively include corresponding first to third port main lines, wherein: The first port mai