CN-122000842-A - Intelligent lightning protection switching device and method for lightning parameter self-adaptive identification

CN122000842ACN 122000842 ACN122000842 ACN 122000842ACN-122000842-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection, and discloses an intelligent lightning protection switching device for lightning parameter self-adaptive identification, which comprises a lightning parameter real-time monitoring unit, a lightning parameter monitoring unit and a lightning parameter monitoring unit, wherein the lightning parameter real-time monitoring unit is used for collecting an original electric signal of lightning impulse in real time, and the original electric signal at least comprises a lightning current amplitude, steepness, waveform characteristics and electromagnetic pulse intensity; the signal conditioning and digitizing unit is electrically connected with the lightning parameter real-time monitoring unit, the lightning type and threat level are accurately identified through the double-unit cooperation and intelligent algorithm, the double-protection mode of hundred microsecond-level high-speed switching is matched, the pain points of easy shielding, difficult grounding and weak electromagnetic pulse protection of the traditional lightning protection are broken, the dynamic threshold model is relied on to link with the environment parameters, the protection strategy is optimized in a self-adaptive mode, the whole-course recording and remote reporting function is combined, the lightning risk and economic loss are greatly reduced, the protection effect and the operation loss are both considered, and the practicability and the economy are outstanding.

Inventors

CHU LEI
Ling Xinfeng
WANG ZHONGYANG
YAN JUN
ZHANG QINGKUI
ZHANG YOULI

Assignees

寿县气象局

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260130

Claims (10)

1. An intelligent lightning protection switching device for lightning parameter self-adaptive identification, which is characterized by comprising: The lightning parameter real-time monitoring unit is used for collecting original electrical signals of lightning impulse in real time, wherein the original electrical signals at least comprise lightning current amplitude, steepness, waveform characteristics and electromagnetic pulse intensity; The signal conditioning and digitizing unit is electrically connected with the lightning parameter real-time monitoring unit and is used for filtering, amplifying and analog-to-digital converting the original electric signal and outputting a digital signal; The self-adaptive identification and decision unit is in communication connection with the signal conditioning and digitizing unit, the self-adaptive identification and decision unit comprises an embedded processor and a memory connected with the embedded processor, a lightning characteristic library and a self-adaptive algorithm program are stored in the memory, the self-adaptive identification and decision unit is used for analyzing the digital signal in real time, extracting lightning characteristic parameters at least comprising lightning current amplitude, gradient, waveform characteristics and electromagnetic pulse intensity, matching the lightning characteristic parameters with the lightning characteristic library, and dynamically generating a protection switching instruction which is adaptive to the current lightning threat level according to a matching result and a preset protection strategy model; the dynamic protection switching unit is electrically connected with the self-adaptive identification and decision unit and is used for receiving the protection switching instruction and switching between at least two protection modes according to the protection switching instruction, wherein the at least two protection modes comprise a low-loss leakage mode and a deep clamp protection mode; And the state feedback and communication unit is in communication connection with the self-adaptive identification and decision unit and is used for reporting the running state of the device, the lightning event record and the protection action log.
2. The intelligent lightning protection switching device for lightning parameter adaptive recognition according to claim 1, wherein the lightning parameter real-time monitoring unit comprises: The rogowski coil sensor is used for non-contact induction of lightning impulse current signals; The high-frequency electric field sensor is used for monitoring electromagnetic field signals caused by lightning; The signal conditioning and digitizing unit and the adaptive recognition and decision unit are configured to extract lightning characteristic parameters from the lightning current signal and the lightning electromagnetic field signal.
3. The intelligent lightning protection switching device for adaptive recognition of lightning parameters according to claim 1, wherein the adaptive algorithm program in the adaptive recognition and decision unit is configured to execute a sliding time window based real-time waveform analysis algorithm and a neural network classification algorithm to classify and recognize lightning events.
4. The intelligent lightning protection switching device for lightning parameter self-adaptive recognition according to claim 1, wherein the protection strategy model is a dynamic threshold model, and the protection action threshold is subjected to online learning and dynamic correction through the self-adaptive algorithm according to historical lightning event data, the tolerance characteristics of protected equipment and environmental factors.
5. The intelligent lightning protection switching device for lightning parameter adaptive recognition according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic protection switching unit comprises: the first protection branch comprises a bleeder switch formed by a silicon controlled rectifier or an insulated gate bipolar transistor; The second protection branch comprises multistage series voltage limiting type lightning protection components; and the change-over switch is controlled by the self-adaptive identification and decision unit and is used for selectively switching on the first protection branch, the second protection branch or the combination of the first protection branch and the second protection branch according to the protection switching instruction.
6. The intelligent lightning protection switching device for lightning parameter self-adaptive recognition according to claim 5, wherein the switching switch is a high-speed magnetic latching relay or a solid-state relay, and the switching action time is less than 100 microseconds.
7. The intelligent lightning protection switching device for lightning parameter self-adaptive recognition according to claim 1, further comprising an environment parameter sensing interface for accessing signals of a temperature and humidity sensor and an atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, wherein the self-adaptive recognition and decision unit is used for comprehensively judging the lightning parameter and the environment parameter when generating the protection switching instruction.
8. The intelligent lightning protection switching device for lightning parameter adaptive recognition according to claim 1, wherein the signal conditioning and digitizing unit comprises an analog-to-digital converter with a sampling rate of not less than 20 megasamples per second.
9. An intelligent lightning protection switching method for lightning parameter self-adaptive identification is applied to the intelligent lightning protection switching device for lightning parameter self-adaptive identification as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, continuously monitoring an electric signal on a protected line through the lightning parameter real-time monitoring unit; s2, conditioning and analog-to-digital converting the monitored electric signals through the signal conditioning and digitizing unit to obtain digital waveform data; s3, analyzing the digital waveform data in real time through the self-adaptive identification and decision unit, extracting key characteristic parameters, and utilizing a self-adaptive algorithm program to carry out matching identification with a lightning characteristic library so as to determine the type and threat level of the current lightning event; S4, inquiring a dynamic protection strategy model according to the identified lightning event type and threat level, and generating a corresponding protection mode switching instruction; S5, executing the protection mode switching instruction through the dynamic protection switching unit, and switching the protection state to a mode matched with the current threat level; And S6, recording and reporting the identification result, the protection action and the device state of the lightning event through the state feedback and communication unit.
10. The intelligent lightning protection switching method based on the lightning parameter self-adaptive recognition of claim 9, wherein in the step S3, the type and threat level of the current lightning event are determined, specifically comprising the steps of comparing the extracted waveform rising time, half-peak time, amplitude and spectrum characteristics with standard waveform data in the lightning characteristic library, and comprehensively judging whether the event type is direct lightning, induced lightning or electromagnetic pulse interference according to the amplitude, and endowing the event type with the corresponding threat level.

Description

Intelligent lightning protection switching device and method for lightning parameter self-adaptive identification Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection, in particular to an intelligent lightning protection switching device and method for lightning parameter self-adaptive identification. Background Lightning is taken as a natural disaster with extremely destructive power, and is often accompanied with physical effects such as strong current, electromagnetic pulse and the like, so that serious threat is caused to key infrastructure such as power, communication and the like, the number of lightning strokes per year of the power transmission and distribution line in China accounts for about 50% of the total number of tripping, and the direct economic loss is huge. The traditional lightning protection mode is mainly passive protection, lightning is led into the ground or the insulation is enhanced through equipment such as a lightning arrester, a lightning arrester and the like, the defects of limited protection range, easiness in occurrence of shielding failure, counterattack and the like exist, the harm of electromagnetic pulse to intelligent equipment cannot be effectively protected, and the lightning protection mode is more difficult to play a role in mountain areas and other scenes with difficult ground construction; The existing intelligent lightning protection products develop towards the integration direction, but lack accurate self-adaptive recognition capability of lightning parameters, are fixed in parameter setting, and are difficult to dynamically adjust protection strategies according to lightning stroke intensity, waveform and the like, so that the protection precision and efficiency are insufficient, and therefore, the intelligent lightning protection switching device and method for lightning parameter self-adaptive recognition are provided to solve the problems. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent lightning protection switching device and method for lightning parameter self-adaptive recognition, which solve the problems that the traditional lightning protection mode is passive protection, has limited protection range, is easy to strike back, has poor grounding difficulty scene effect and is difficult to prevent electromagnetic pulse, and the existing intelligent lightning protection product lacks accurate self-adaptive recognition capability, has fixed parameters, and has insufficient protection precision and efficiency. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme that the intelligent lightning protection switching device for lightning parameter self-adaptive identification comprises: The lightning parameter real-time monitoring unit is used for collecting original electrical signals of lightning impulse in real time, wherein the original electrical signals at least comprise lightning current amplitude, steepness, waveform characteristics and electromagnetic pulse intensity; The signal conditioning and digitizing unit is electrically connected with the lightning parameter real-time monitoring unit and is used for filtering, amplifying and analog-to-digital converting the original electric signal and outputting a digital signal; The self-adaptive identification and decision unit is in communication connection with the signal conditioning and digitizing unit, the self-adaptive identification and decision unit comprises an embedded processor and a memory connected with the embedded processor, a lightning characteristic library and a self-adaptive algorithm program are stored in the memory, the self-adaptive identification and decision unit is used for analyzing the digital signal in real time, extracting lightning characteristic parameters at least comprising lightning current amplitude, gradient, waveform characteristics and electromagnetic pulse intensity, matching the lightning characteristic parameters with the lightning characteristic library, and dynamically generating a protection switching instruction which is adaptive to the current lightning threat level according to a matching result and a preset protection strategy model; the dynamic protection switching unit is electrically connected with the self-adaptive identification and decision unit and is used for receiving the protection switching instruction and switching between at least two protection modes according to the protection switching instruction, wherein the at least two protection modes comprise a low-loss leakage mode and a deep clamp protection mode; And the state feedback and communication unit is in communication connection with the self-adaptive identification and decision unit and is used for reporting the running state of the device, the lightning event record and the protection action log. Preferably, the lightning parameter real-time monitoring unit comprises: T