CN-122001002-A - Virtual power plant scheduling method and device for power system and electronic equipment

CN122001002ACN 122001002 ACN122001002 ACN 122001002ACN-122001002-A

Abstract

The application provides a virtual power plant scheduling method, a device and electronic equipment for a power system, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining forecast data, equipment parameters and market information of a virtual power plant in a preset scheduling period; the method comprises the steps of establishing an economic dispatching optimization model of a virtual power plant, solving the economic dispatching optimization model to generate a candidate dispatching scheme in a dispatching period, carrying out iterative optimization on the candidate dispatching scheme, wherein the iterative optimization comprises the steps of uniformly encoding time sequence values of various dispatching variables in the dispatching period into a dispatching variable set of the virtual power plant dispatching scheme, integrating a feasible solution restoration mechanism based on physical constraints of the virtual power plant in an updating process, taking the current optimal virtual power plant dispatching scheme as an optimal dispatching scheme when the iterative process meets a preset termination condition, generating a control instruction corresponding to the dispatching instruction, and executing the control instruction in the preset dispatching period. By adopting the technical scheme, the overall efficiency, reliability and economy of virtual power plant dispatching can be improved.

Inventors

CHAI CHAO
WEI JIANFENG
LIU DESHENG
TANG RUI
XU JIAN
GUO LICHENG
JIA SHAOKUN
LIU SONGYANG
KONG WEIKANG
WU JINHAO
ZHANG XIAOYU
BAI JIE

Assignees

北京中电飞华通信有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251210

Claims (10)

1. The virtual power plant scheduling method for the power system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Obtaining prediction data, equipment parameters and market information of a virtual power plant in a preset scheduling period; Constructing an economic dispatch optimization model of the virtual power plant, wherein the economic dispatch optimization model takes a set value of each adjustable resource in the equipment parameter in each period as a decision variable, takes the comprehensive operation cost of the virtual power plant as an objective function, and takes power balance as constraint; Solving the economic dispatching optimization model, generating a candidate dispatching scheme in the dispatching period, and carrying out iterative optimization on the candidate dispatching scheme, wherein the iterative optimization comprises uniformly encoding time sequence values of various dispatching variables in the dispatching period into a dispatching variable set of a virtual power plant dispatching scheme, and integrating a feasible solution restoration mechanism based on the physical constraint of the virtual power plant in the updating process; When the iterative process meets the preset termination condition, the current optimal virtual power plant scheduling scheme is used as an optimal scheduling plan, a control instruction corresponding to the scheduling instruction is generated, and the control instruction is executed in the preset scheduling period.
2. The power system-oriented virtual power plant scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein the prediction data comprises load prediction, distributed power output prediction and/or electricity price prediction, the equipment parameters comprise operation boundary parameters of a distributed power source, an energy storage device and a controllable load, and the market information comprises real-time electricity price, peak-to-valley electricity price and auxiliary service price of an electric power market; the overall operating cost is minimized: ; The power balance: ; Wherein, the Representing a predetermined scheduling period, Is shown in Cost of purchasing electric energy at any time, Representing the running cost of power generation equipment in a virtual power plant, Representing the charge and discharge cost of the energy storage device of the virtual power plant, Representing power generation equipment in virtual power plant Output power at the moment, Indicating that the energy storage device is in Charging and discharging power at moment, Is shown in The total load demand at the moment in time, Representing the purchased power.
3. The power system oriented virtual power plant scheduling method of claim 1, wherein solving the economic schedule optimization model comprises: on the premise of determining the preset scheduling period and the time resolution, a unified scheduling variable expression structure is established for various devices in the virtual power plant; Under the constraint of a preset variable value range and an equipment operation boundary, based on the dispatching variable expression structure, generating a plurality of virtual power plant initial candidate dispatching schemes at random, and carrying out parallelizable treatment on each candidate dispatching scheme to at least meet the constraint of the upper and lower limits of the capacity of continuous equipment, the constraint of the initial state of charge of energy storage equipment, and the constraint of the minimum continuous operation time and the minimum continuous shutdown time of equipment with a start-stop state; constructing a multi-target evaluation index system which simultaneously considers economy and running performance for the virtual power plant, and forming a corresponding comprehensive evaluation index through a multi-target evaluation strategy; and taking the comprehensive evaluation index, the power balance constraint and the violation degree of the equipment operation boundary constraint as evaluation basis, calculating a multi-target fitness value of each virtual power plant candidate scheduling scheme, and taking the fitness value as iteration improvement basis.
4. The power system-oriented virtual power plant scheduling method according to claim 3, wherein the step of establishing a unified scheduling variable expression structure for various devices in the virtual power plant comprises the steps of encoding continuously adjustable quantities of output power of a distributed power supply, stored charge and discharge power, power exchange with a power system and controllable load power level in a continuous numerical mode, encoding devices with start-stop states in a discrete state sequence mode, and enabling the running states of the devices in each period and power setting to form a complete virtual power plant scheduling scheme; The multi-objective evaluation index at least comprises at least two of comprehensive operation cost and/or comprehensive economic benefit of the virtual power plant in the dispatching period, the consumption level of renewable energy output and the deviation degree of user-side electric comfort.
5. The power system oriented virtual power plant scheduling method of claim 1, wherein the feasible solution repair mechanisms include at least two repair mechanisms, and are executed in a preset order after each generation of a new candidate scheduling scheme: calculating the difference between the total power generation output, the net energy storage output, the controllable load adjustment quantity, the sum of the rigid load and the base line load of the virtual power plant in each scheduling period, taking the difference as the power unbalance quantity, preferentially adjusting the power exchange plan between the virtual power plant and the power system according to a preset scheduling priority rule, and then adjusting the charge and discharge power of the energy storage equipment and/or the load level of the controllable load; The energy storage energy dynamic-oriented repairing mechanism comprises the steps of accumulating energy of charge and discharge power of energy storage equipment in a current candidate scheduling scheme according to time sequence in the scheduling period, simulating and calculating a charge state change track of each energy storage equipment, and when detecting that the charge state of one period exceeds a preset upper limit and a preset lower limit or the preset start and end state requirement is not met at the end of the scheduling period, carrying out scaling, translation or redistribution on the charge and discharge power of the relevant period to modify an energy storage power sequence in the candidate scheduling scheme so that the updated charge state track meets capacity constraint and start and end state constraint; And when the running segments which do not meet the minimum continuous running time and/or minimum continuous downtime constraint exist, the adjacent starting and stopping segments are combined, prolonged or shortened, and the starting and stopping state sequence is locally adjusted, so that the repaired starting and stopping sequence meets the corresponding running time constraint.
6. The power system-oriented virtual power plant scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein in the process of solving the virtual power plant economic scheduling optimization model, iterative optimization is performed on candidate scheduling schemes of the virtual power plant and internal devices thereof by adopting the following evolution update mechanism: In each iteration round, comparing and screening a plurality of virtual power plant candidate scheduling schemes, taking the candidate scheduling schemes meeting virtual power plant power balance constraint, distributed power supply output constraint, energy storage charge state constraint and controllable load operation constraint as priority reservation objects, and when the two candidate scheduling schemes meet the constraint, selecting the candidate scheduling scheme with better multi-target fitness value as a corresponding virtual power plant historical optimal scheduling scheme and/or a current global optimal scheduling scheme; When the dispatching variable of the internal equipment of the virtual power plant is iteratively updated, the dispatching variable which represents the output of a distributed power supply, the charge and discharge power of energy storage, the power exchange with an electric power system and the continuous adjustment quantity of the controllable load power level is adjusted by adopting a numerical value updating rule of continuous space; In the iterative evolution process of the virtual power plant scheduling scheme, the weight parameters and the guide coefficients for generating a new round of candidate scheduling scheme are subjected to linear decreasing adjustment according to the iterative process, the adaptability distribution of each candidate scheduling scheme and the constraint violation conditions.
7. The power system oriented virtual power plant scheduling method of claim 6, wherein in iteratively optimizing the virtual power plant candidate scheduling scheme, local search reinforcement is also periodically performed on the current virtual power plant optimal scheduling scheme, the local search reinforcement comprising: in a preset neighborhood range, taking the current optimal scheduling scheme of the virtual power plant as a reference, applying random disturbance with controlled amplitude to the output curve, the energy storage charging and discharging sequence and/or the start-stop state sequence of part of equipment in the optimal scheduling scheme to generate a plurality of new candidate scheduling schemes of the virtual power plant; Respectively calling a feasible solution restoration mechanism for the new candidate scheduling scheme, correcting the power balance, the energy storage charge state and the equipment running time constraint to obtain a restoration scheme meeting the physical constraint requirement of the virtual power plant, and calculating a corresponding fitness value according to a multi-target evaluation index; When any repaired new candidate scheduling scheme is superior to the fitness value of the current virtual power plant optimal scheduling scheme in the multi-target fitness value under the premise of meeting all constraint conditions, the new candidate scheduling scheme is used for replacing the current virtual power plant optimal scheduling scheme and is used as a reference scheme for guiding evolution and updating of other candidate scheduling schemes in subsequent iterations.
8. The power system-oriented virtual power plant scheduling method according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein a particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to solve the economic scheduling optimization model, the particle swarm optimization algorithm uniformly encodes time sequence values of various scheduling variables in the scheduling period into a scheduling variable set of a virtual power plant scheduling scheme, and a feasible solution restoration mechanism based on virtual power plant physical constraint is integrated in a particle location updating process.
9. A power system-oriented virtual power plant scheduling apparatus, comprising: the system comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and a control unit, wherein the acquisition unit is configured to acquire prediction data, equipment parameters and market information of a virtual power plant in a preset scheduling period; The construction unit is configured to construct an economic dispatch optimization model of the virtual power plant, wherein the economic dispatch optimization model takes a set value of each adjustable resource in the equipment parameter in each period as a decision variable, takes the comprehensive operation cost of the virtual power plant as an objective function and takes power balance as a constraint; The processing unit is configured to solve the economic dispatching optimization model, generate a candidate dispatching scheme in the dispatching period and carry out iterative optimization on the candidate dispatching scheme, wherein the iterative optimization comprises the steps of uniformly encoding time sequence values of various dispatching variables in the dispatching period into a dispatching variable set of a virtual power plant dispatching scheme and integrating a feasible solution restoration mechanism based on the physical constraint of the virtual power plant in the updating process; And the scheduling unit is configured to take the current optimal virtual power plant scheduling scheme as an optimal scheduling plan when the iterative process meets a preset termination condition, generate a control instruction corresponding to the scheduling instruction and execute the control instruction in the preset scheduling period.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any of claims 1-8 when the program is executed by the processor.

Description

Virtual power plant scheduling method and device for power system and electronic equipment Technical Field The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the technical field of power dispatching, in particular to a virtual power plant dispatching method and device for a power system and electronic equipment. Background With the development of energy conversion and smart grids, virtual power plants (Virtual Power Plant, VPP) are becoming an integral part of modern power networks as an emerging power system optimization scheduling solution. The virtual power plant integrates various flexible adjustment resources such as distributed energy resources, energy storage equipment, adjustable loads and the like, and interacts with the power grid through an information communication technology, so that centralized optimal control and diversified management of the resources are realized at a scheduling layer. The system not only can improve the flexibility and stability of the power system, but also can play an important role in promoting new energy consumption, optimizing power resource allocation, improving the system economy and the like. In the scheduling optimization of virtual power plants, a series of complex challenges such as multi-objective optimization, strong constraint processing, system collaborative scheduling and the like are faced. The conventional scheduling method is mostly dependent on optimization algorithms such as linear programming, nonlinear programming, dynamic programming and the like, and the algorithms are successful in some simple scenes, but are difficult to meet actual demands when facing highly complex and dynamically-changing power system environments. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a power system-oriented virtual power plant scheduling method, apparatus, and electronic device, which can improve overall efficiency, reliability, and economy of virtual power plant scheduling. In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a power system-oriented virtual power plant scheduling method, including: Obtaining prediction data, equipment parameters and market information of a virtual power plant in a preset scheduling period; Constructing an economic dispatch optimization model of the virtual power plant, wherein the economic dispatch optimization model takes a set value of each adjustable resource in the equipment parameter in each period as a decision variable, takes the comprehensive operation cost of the virtual power plant as an objective function, and takes power balance as constraint; Solving the economic dispatching optimization model, generating a candidate dispatching scheme in the dispatching period, and carrying out iterative optimization on the candidate dispatching scheme, wherein the iterative optimization comprises uniformly encoding time sequence values of various dispatching variables in the dispatching period into a dispatching variable set of a virtual power plant dispatching scheme, and integrating a feasible solution restoration mechanism based on the physical constraint of the virtual power plant in the updating process; When the iterative process meets the preset termination condition, the current optimal virtual power plant scheduling scheme is used as an optimal scheduling plan, a control instruction corresponding to the scheduling instruction is generated, and the control instruction is executed in the preset scheduling period. Optionally, the prediction data comprises load prediction, distributed power output prediction and/or electricity price prediction, and the equipment parameters comprise running boundary parameters of a distributed power source, an energy storage device and a controllable load; the overall operating cost is minimized: ; The power balance: ; Wherein, the Representing a predetermined scheduling period,Is shown inCost of purchasing electric energy at any time,Representing the running cost of power generation equipment in a virtual power plant,Representing the charge and discharge cost of the energy storage device of the virtual power plant,Representing power generation equipment in virtual power plantOutput power at the moment,Indicating that the energy storage device is inCharging and discharging power at moment,Is shown inThe total load demand at the moment in time,Representing the purchased power. Optionally, solving the economic dispatch optimization model includes: on the premise of determining the preset scheduling period and the time resolution, a unified scheduling variable expression structure is established for various devices in the virtual power plant; Under the constraint of a preset variable value range and an equipment operation boundary, based on the dispatching variable expression structure, generating a plurality of virtual power plant initial candidate dispatching schemes at random, and carrying out parallelizable treatment on each candidate dispatc