CN-122001008-A - Construction method of high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management

CN122001008ACN 122001008 ACN122001008 ACN 122001008ACN-122001008-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a method for constructing a high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management, which aims to solve the problem of unbalanced matching and energy management coordination of photovoltaic output fluctuation and energy storage in the prior art; the energy storage medium and topology selection is completed by combining the photovoltaic output and load demand rules and accurately calculating energy storage parameters through an energy balance method, a multi-level energy management strategy comprising photovoltaic output combination prediction, load analysis and energy storage charge and discharge control is built, a perception-decision-execution layering cooperative control module is built, photovoltaic-energy storage-load dynamic linkage is realized, and through accurate matching and cooperative management and control, the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved, the light rejection rate is reduced, and the operation reliability is enhanced.

Inventors

CHEN LIANG
XU CHENHUI
WU YAN

Assignees

上海电气(江苏)综合能源服务有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251230

Claims (10)

1. The construction method of the high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step one, optimizing the layout of a photovoltaic module, constructing a module layout optimizing model based on the illumination distribution characteristics and space constraint conditions of a photovoltaic field, and determining the installation angle, the spacing and the array arrangement mode of the module; Matching and selecting the energy storage unit, and calculating rated capacity and power parameters of the energy storage unit according to the fluctuation characteristics of the photovoltaic output and the load demand law to finish the type selection of the energy storage medium and the topological structure; constructing an energy management strategy, establishing a multi-level energy management framework comprising photovoltaic output prediction, load demand analysis and energy storage charge and discharge control, and designing an energy distribution rule based on a prediction model; and fourthly, realizing system cooperative control, building a photovoltaic-energy storage-load cooperative control module, and realizing dynamic linkage operation of the photovoltaic-energy storage-load cooperative control module by adopting a layered control architecture of a perception layer, a decision layer and an execution layer through real-time data acquisition and feedback adjustment.
2. The method for constructing the efficient distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management according to claim 1, wherein the construction process of the component layout optimization model in the first step is that the annual energy generation of the photovoltaic component is maximized as an objective function, and the site space occupancy rate and the component shielding threshold value are used as constraint conditions to construct the optimization model: ; Wherein, the Is the annual energy production of the photovoltaic module, For the effective light-receiving area of the component, For the purpose of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the component, Is that The illumination intensity at the moment is high, Is that The angle between the incident angle of the sun and the normal of the component at any moment, For the purpose of accumulating the illumination time for a year, For the component pitch to be the same, At the maximum allowable distance to be set, For the assembly installation angle, the assembly is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, And solving the optimal layout parameters by the model to obtain the maximum allowable installation angle.
3. The method for constructing a high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the rated capacity of the energy storage unit in the second step is based on a difference sequence of photovoltaic output and load demand, and the energy storage capacity is calculated by adopting an energy balance method, and the calculation formula is as follows: ; Wherein, the For the rated capacity of the energy storage unit, The value range of k is 1.1-1.3 for the safety factor, can be adjusted according to the fluctuation range of the photovoltaic output and the importance of the load, Is that The photovoltaic output is generated at the moment, Is that The moment of time of the load demand, And In order to calculate the time period and cover the typical output fluctuation period, the rated power of the energy storage unit is determined according to the maximum charge and discharge power requirement, and the following formula is satisfied: ; Wherein, the Rated power for the energy storage unit.
4. The method for constructing a high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system with integrated energy storage and energy management according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the photovoltaic output prediction adopts a combined prediction model, and the final prediction value is obtained by fusing output results of a plurality of single prediction algorithms, and the prediction model is represented by the following formula: ; Wherein the method comprises the steps of Is that The predicted value of the photovoltaic output at the moment, Weight coefficients for each single prediction algorithm, e.g. based on error square sum minimization, entropy weight, and satisfy I=1, 2,..n, n is the number of single prediction algorithms, And outputting a value for the t moment of each single prediction algorithm.
5. The method for constructing the efficient distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage charging and discharging control rule in the third step is that when the photovoltaic output is larger than the load demand and the energy storage unit is not full, the charging of the energy storage unit is controlled, the charging power is dynamically adjusted according to the output surplus, when the photovoltaic output is smaller than the load demand and the energy storage unit is not empty, the energy storage unit is controlled to discharge and supplement the power gap, when the photovoltaic output and the load demand are balanced, the energy storage unit is kept in a standby state, and the charging and discharging control logic meets the following formula: ; Wherein, the Is that The charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit is charged at the moment, the positive value is charged, the negative value is discharged, Is that The state of charge of the energy storage unit is stored at the moment, As the maximum state of charge threshold value, Is the minimum state of charge threshold.
6. The method for constructing the efficient distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management according to claim 1 is characterized in that a hierarchical control architecture is adopted by the cooperative control module in the fourth step, the hierarchical control architecture comprises a sensing layer, a decision layer and an execution layer, the sensing layer is responsible for collecting photovoltaic output, energy storage states, load demands and power grid operation parameters, the decision layer generates control instructions based on sensing layer data and energy management strategies, and the execution layer realizes instruction execution by controlling a photovoltaic inverter, an energy storage converter and a load controller.
7. The method for constructing a high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management according to claim 6, wherein the decision layer generates a control command by using a model predictive control algorithm, the highest system operation efficiency and the lowest light rejection rate are used as optimization targets, constraint conditions comprise an energy storage SOC range and a device power limit value, and an optimization model is as follows: ; Wherein, the In order to optimize the value of the objective function, In order to discard the light-rate weighting coefficients, Weighting coefficients for system operating efficiency , In order to achieve a light-rejecting rate, For the efficiency of the operation of the system, Is that The output power of the inverter is output at the moment, Rated for the inverter.
8. The method for constructing the efficient distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the energy storage medium selection comprises at least one of a lithium ion battery, a lead-acid battery and an all-vanadium redox flow battery, the energy storage topological structure adopts a centralized topology, a distributed topology or a mixed topology, a small-scale system preferentially adopts a centralized topology, a large-scale high-precision system adopts a distributed topology, and the energy storage medium selection is determined according to the system scale and the control precision requirement.
9. The method for constructing a high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management according to claim 1, further comprising the step of monitoring the running state of the system and diagnosing faults, wherein the fault diagnosis model is constructed by collecting the running parameters of each component, the fault states of the photovoltaic component, the energy storage unit and the control equipment are identified in real time, and a fault early warning signal is generated.
10. The method for constructing a high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system with integrated energy storage and energy management according to claim 9, wherein the fault diagnosis model adopts a threshold judgment method based on characteristic parameters, and when the monitoring parameters exceed a preset normal range, the fault judgment logic judges that the corresponding component has a fault according to the following modes: ; Wherein, the For the fault judgment result, a '1' represents a fault, a '0' represents a normal, Is that The parameter values are monitored at the moment in time, In order to monitor the parameter minimum normal threshold value, To monitor the parameter maximum normal threshold.

Description

Construction method of high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a construction method of a high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management. Background Along with the acceleration of global energy transformation process, the distributed photovoltaic power generation has become an important form of new energy utilization due to the advantages of clean low carbon, flexible installation and the like, and is widely applied to various scenes such as industrial plants, residential buildings, public facilities and the like. The distributed photovoltaic power generation system has the core value of realizing the efficient conversion and the on-site consumption of solar energy resources, reducing the dependence on the traditional power grid and optimizing and upgrading the power-assisted energy structure. However, the existing distributed photovoltaic power generation system still faces a plurality of technical bottlenecks in actual operation, wherein the problems of unbalanced matching of photovoltaic output fluctuation and an energy storage system and insufficient energy management cooperativity are particularly remarkable, the prior art already tries to configure an energy storage unit in the distributed photovoltaic power generation system, but most schemes have obvious defects that the capacity and the power parameter selection of the energy storage unit lack scientific basis, depend on experience values or simple estimation, and are not fully combined with the photovoltaic output fluctuation rule to carry out accurate matching with load demand characteristics, so that the situation that the energy storage capacity is insufficient and cannot meet the power gap compensation requirement or the situation that the energy storage capacity redundancy causes equipment cost waste and resource idling is further reduced, and the efficient distributed photovoltaic power generation system construction method for fusing energy storage and energy management is provided based on the problems. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for constructing a high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management. The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows, the construction method of the high-efficiency distributed photovoltaic power generation system integrating energy storage and energy management comprises the following steps: step one, optimizing the layout of a photovoltaic module, constructing a module layout optimizing model based on the illumination distribution characteristics and space constraint conditions of a photovoltaic field, and determining the installation angle, the spacing and the array arrangement mode of the module; Matching and selecting the energy storage unit, and calculating rated capacity and power parameters of the energy storage unit according to the fluctuation characteristics of the photovoltaic output and the load demand law to finish the type selection of the energy storage medium and the topological structure; constructing an energy management strategy, establishing a multi-level energy management framework comprising photovoltaic output prediction, load demand analysis and energy storage charge and discharge control, and designing an energy distribution rule based on a prediction model; and fourthly, realizing system cooperative control, building a photovoltaic-energy storage-load cooperative control module, and realizing dynamic linkage operation of the photovoltaic-energy storage-load cooperative control module by adopting a layered control architecture of a perception layer, a decision layer and an execution layer through real-time data acquisition and feedback adjustment. In a preferred embodiment, the construction process of the component layout optimization model in the first step is to construct an optimization model by taking the annual energy production of the photovoltaic component as an objective function and taking the occupancy rate of the site space and the shielding threshold value of the component as constraint conditions: ; Wherein, the Is the annual energy production of the photovoltaic module,For the effective light-receiving area of the component,For the purpose of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the component,Is thatThe illumination intensity at the moment is high,Is thatThe angle between the incident angle of the sun and the normal of the component at any moment,For the purpose of accumulating the illumination time for a year,For the component pitch to be the same,At the maximum allowable distance to be set,For the assembly installation angle, the assembly is provided wit