CN-122001471-A - Low-impact expandable locking mechanism for inter-satellite laser communication terminal

CN122001471ACN 122001471 ACN122001471 ACN 122001471ACN-122001471-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-impact expandable locking mechanism for an inter-satellite laser communication terminal, and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft precision mechanisms. The mechanism comprises a base unit, a rotary unfolding unit and a memory metal unlocking unit. When in locking, the grooving bolt connection load of the metal unlocking pipe is memorized, and the torsion spring is in a compression energy storage state. When unlocking, the memory metal tube is heated to expand and expand the bolt, then the torsion spring releases energy to drive the hinge unscrewing piece to outwards rotate and expand, and the whole mechanism is completely separated from the load movement envelope by impacting the silica gel pad to realize buffering and positioning, and the travel switch synchronously outputs unlocking signals. The invention adopts the cooperative design of combining the non-explosive unlocking of the memory metal and the elastic driving-buffering unfolding, realizes the technical effects of extremely small impact, no envelope interference after unlocking, high reliability and reusability, and is particularly suitable for a light and small inter-satellite laser communication system with sensitive impact and strict field of view requirements.

Inventors

HU HONGLEI
HOU XIA
FANG FAN
WAN YUAN
Pang bang
GAN JIAWEI
HUANG YINGXIA
AI HAIBO
YANG FAN

Assignees

中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260131

Claims (10)

1. A low-impact expandable locking mechanism for an inter-satellite laser communication terminal is characterized by comprising a base unit, a rotary expansion unit and a memory metal unlocking unit; The base unit comprises a hinge seat (5), wherein the hinge seat (5) is provided with a base plate part used for fixing and an ear seat part extending from the base plate part, and the ear seat part is provided with a rotating shaft mounting hole, the hinge seat (5) is provided with a silica gel pad (9) on one side wall of the base plate part or the ear seat part, and a travel switch (10) is arranged on the other side wall opposite to the side wall; the rotary unfolding unit comprises a hinge unscrewing piece (3), an unfolding rotary shaft (4) penetrating through the rotary shaft mounting hole and the hinge unscrewing piece (3) and an elastic energy storage element for providing unfolding driving force for the hinge unscrewing piece (3), and the hinge unscrewing piece (3) is rotatably connected to an ear part of the hinge seat (5) through the unfolding rotary shaft (4); the memory metal unlocking unit comprises a memory metal unlocking tube (1), wherein the tube body of the memory metal unlocking tube (1) is fixed with one end of the hinge unscrewing piece (3) far away from the unfolding rotating shaft (4) through a connecting structure, and one end of the memory metal unlocking tube (1) is provided with a connecting end comprising a mechanically weak structure and is used for being connected with a part to be locked; In a locking state, the elastic energy storage element is compressed for energy storage, the connecting end of the memory metal unlocking tube (1) is connected with a part to be locked, and the hinge unscrewing piece (3) is positioned at a first angle position and is in contact with the travel switch (10); And then, the elastic energy storage element releases energy to drive the hinge unscrewing piece (3) to rotate around the unfolding rotating shaft (4) to a second angle position, the hinge unscrewing piece (3) is in contact with the silica gel pad (9) for buffering, the memory metal unlocking tube (1) moves along with the hinge unscrewing piece (3) to be completely separated from the movement envelope range of the part to be locked, and meanwhile, the travel switch (10) changes in state due to the separation of contact and outputs an unlocking signal.
2. The low impact expandable locking mechanism for an inter-satellite laser communication terminal according to claim 1, wherein the memory metal unlocking tube (1) is a heat actuated structure comprising a memory metal tube arranged inside the memory metal unlocking tube and a heater for heating the memory metal tube, the mechanically weak structure is a grooving bolt arranged at the connecting end, and stress generated by heat expansion of the memory metal tube acts on the grooving bolt to fracture the grooving bolt.
3. The low impact expandable locking mechanism for an inter-satellite laser communication terminal according to claim 2, wherein the heater is connected with a dual heating circuit configured independently and redundantly.
4. The low impact expandable locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the elastic energy storage element is a torsion spring (8) sleeved on the expansion shaft (4), one torsion arm of the torsion spring (8) acts on the hinge base (5), and the other torsion arm acts on the hinge unscrewing blade (3).
5. The low impact expandable locking mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the pre-tightening torque of the torsion spring (8) in the locked state is configured to reliably drive the expansion and impact controllable value, preferably an equivalent pre-tightening providing an expansion force of about 1.7N.
6. The low impact expandable locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the rotary expansion unit further comprises a bearing (6) disposed in the shaft mounting hole and a hinge spacer (7) sleeved on the expansion shaft (4), the bearing (6) supporting the expansion shaft (4), the hinge spacer (7) being located between the hinge base (5) and the hinge unscrewing blade (3) to define an assembly gap.
7. The low impact expandable locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein the bearing (6) is a miniature rolling bearing having an inner diameter of 5mm and an outer diameter of 13mm.
8. The low impact expandable locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the connecting structure is an elastic baffle (2) detachably buckled on the tube body of the memory metal unlocking tube (1), and the elastic baffle (2) is fixed on the hinge unscrewing piece (3) through a fastener.
9. The low impact expandable locking mechanism of claim 2, wherein the heater operates at 28V dc voltage and the memory metal tube has a phase transition trigger temperature of 80 ℃.
10. The low impact expandable locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism has a maximum profile envelope dimension in the locked state of 47.6mm x 55.7mm x 35mm.

Description

Low-impact expandable locking mechanism for inter-satellite laser communication terminal Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of spacecraft precision mechanisms, in particular to a low-impact expandable locking mechanism for an inter-satellite laser communication terminal, which is suitable for a light-small-sized and high-precision inter-satellite laser communication system. Background With the rapid development of satellite laser communication technology, the inter-satellite laser communication terminal is evolving in the direction of light weight, miniaturization and high precision. In the satellite launching process, the laser communication load is required to be reliably fixed through a locking mechanism so as to bear the mechanical environment of the launching section, and the laser communication load is required to be unlocked and separated in time after entering the orbit so as to ensure the normal expansion and work of the load. The traditional locking mechanism is unlocked by adopting a initiating explosive device, electromagnetic drive or motor drive and other modes, but the modes often have the problems of large impact, large volume and weight, interference load movement of a residual mechanism after unlocking and the like, and the requirements of a light and small laser terminal on low impact, low envelope and high reliability are difficult to meet. For example, patent document CN114321131a discloses an electric screw pair locking device for space load displacement, in which a nut pressing spring is provided, the nut pressing spring is pressed to engage with a lock nut, and a bolt slowly rises to press a connecting member and a connected member step by step. However, the structure is complex, the volume is large, and the mechanism is still connected with the load after unlocking, so that the movement range of the optical head can be limited, and the view field design is influenced. In addition, the mechanism often generates larger impact in the unlocking process, and the alignment precision and stability of the optical system can be affected. Therefore, a locking mechanism suitable for an inter-satellite laser communication system is needed to realize low-impact unlocking, complete separation after unlocking, no interference to load movement, and has the characteristics of reusability, high reliability and the like on the premise of ensuring reliable locking and unlocking so as to meet the technical requirements of modern light and small-sized laser communication terminals. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems of large impact, large volume and weight, easy interference of movement envelope after unlocking and the like of an inter-satellite laser communication load locking mechanism in the prior art, the invention provides a locking mechanism which is low in impact, can be unfolded and is automatically separated after unlocking, is suitable for a light and small inter-satellite laser communication terminal, can realize low-impact unlocking on the premise of ensuring reliable locking, and is completely separated from the load after unlocking, and the movement view field and the rotation envelope of an optical system are not influenced. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: A low-impact expandable locking mechanism for an inter-satellite laser communication terminal is characterized by comprising a base unit, a rotary expansion unit and a memory metal unlocking unit; The base unit comprises a hinge seat, a silicon rubber pad, a travel switch and a hinge assembly, wherein the hinge seat is provided with a base plate part for fixing and an ear seat part extending from the base plate part, and the ear seat part is provided with a rotating shaft mounting hole; The rotary unfolding unit comprises a hinge unscrewing piece, an unfolding rotary shaft penetrating through the rotary shaft mounting hole and the hinge unscrewing piece, and an elastic energy storage element for providing unfolding driving force for the hinge unscrewing piece, and the hinge unscrewing piece is rotatably connected to an ear seat part of the hinge seat through the unfolding rotary shaft; The memory metal unlocking unit comprises a memory metal unlocking tube, the tube body of the memory metal unlocking tube is fixed with one end of the hinge unscrewing piece far away from the unfolding rotating shaft through a connecting structure, and one end of the memory metal unlocking tube is provided with a connecting end comprising a mechanically weak structure and is used for being connected with a part to be locked; In a locking state, the elastic energy storage element is compressed for energy storage, the connecting end of the memory metal unlocking tube is connected with a part to be locked, and the hinge unscrewing piece is positioned at a first angle position and is contacted with the travel switch; And then, the elastic energy storage element releases energy to drive the hinge unscre