CN-122002236-A - Soil environment monitoring system based on wireless sensor network

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil environment monitoring system based on a wireless sensor network, which relates to the technical field of soil environment monitoring and comprises a sensing node module, wherein the sensing node module is used for being installed in a soil environment to be monitored and is responsible for collecting environmental data in the soil, and each sensing node is internally integrated with a sensor set by different sensors and is used for sensing various data in the soil, and each sensing node adopts the wireless sensor network to conduct data transmission. The soil environment monitoring system based on the wireless sensor network ensures the reliability of data transmission through redundant transmission and automatic path switching, monitors the delay condition of the data transmission in real time, generates regulation and control decisions, ensures the timeliness of the data transmission, and can automatically adjust the transmitting power and the receiving sensitivity when signals attenuate in the transmission process, improve the quality and the stability of the signals and ensure the reliability of the data transmission.

Inventors

• YIN SHANSHAN
• REN ZHILIANG

Assignees

• 天津市远昭科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20260316

Claims (10)

1. 1. A soil environment monitoring system based on a wireless sensor network, comprising: the sensor node module is used for being installed in the soil environment to be monitored and is responsible for collecting environmental data in the soil, and each sensor node is internally integrated with a sensor set by different sensors and is used for sensing various data in the soil, and a wireless sensor network is adopted for data transmission among the sensor nodes; The data processing module is used for receiving the original data set, preprocessing the original data set, and preliminarily matching the real-time monitoring data with standard soil parameters to judge the current health state of the soil; the transmission module is connected with the data processing module, transmits real-time monitoring data to the remote monitoring terminal based on a wireless communication protocol, and adjusts the data transmission rate in real time by combining a transmission delay early warning mechanism; The diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the whole wireless sensor network, detecting whether signal delay, attenuation and sensor faults exist in the sensing nodes, and generating corresponding diagnosis reports.
2. 2. The system for monitoring soil environment based on wireless sensor network of claim 1, wherein the sensor node module comprises: The system comprises a sensing integrated unit, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the sensing integrated unit is used for detecting environmental data in soil in real time, the environmental data comprises physical data and chemical data, the physical data comprises soil temperature, humidity and density, the chemical data comprises pH value, nutrition components and pollutant concentration; The system comprises a sensor node, a node positioning unit, a monitoring system and a monitoring system, wherein the sensor node is used for monitoring the soil environment, the node positioning unit is used for adjusting the installation position of the sensor based on the wireless signal intensity and the geographical position of the sensor node, the adjustment of the installation position comprises angle adjustment and height adjustment, and the node positioning unit is used for detecting the signal environment in the soil environment and adjusting the installation position of the sensor based on an adjustment command sent by the monitoring system when the node positioning unit detects that strong signal interference exists in the soil environment.
3. 3. The system for monitoring soil environment based on wireless sensor network of claim 2, wherein the sensor node module further comprises: the signal early warning unit is connected with the sensing integrated unit, is used for early warning based on abnormal signals generated by the node positioning unit, is combined with the soil environment characteristics of the position of the node, is packaged into soil environment signal early warning, and transmits the soil environment signal early warning to the data processing module through the wireless sensor network; the signal early-warning unit is also used for generating a sensor fault early-warning signal and transmitting the fault early-warning signal to the diagnosis module when the node cannot acquire effective data; The energy-saving management unit is used for adjusting the data acquisition frequency and the transmission frequency when the node is in the low-power mode, and is used for waking up the sensing node when the node detects the change of the environmental data or receives a remote command and entering the high-power mode.
4. 4. The soil environment monitoring system based on the wireless sensor network of claim 3, wherein the process of adjusting the sensor installation position by the node positioning unit is as follows: The node positioning unit is used for continuously monitoring wireless signals in a soil environment through a built-in signal monitoring unit, and is used for measuring the intensity and the signal-to-noise ratio of received signals in real time, recording the signal change conditions of different time periods, generating abnormal signal early warning when the monitored signal parameters exceed a preset normal range, and sending the abnormal signal early warning to a monitoring system; The central control unit of the monitoring system receives the abnormal signal early warning, generates an adjustment command according to a preset strategy generation mechanism, wherein the adjustment command comprises an adjusted angle and an adjusted height, sends the adjustment command to the node positioning unit, receives the adjustment command from the monitoring system through the wireless communication module, and determines the adjustment mode of the sensor installation angle and the sensor height to finish adjustment of the sensor according to the received adjustment command.
5. 5. The system for monitoring soil environment based on wireless sensor network of claim 4, wherein the data processing module comprises: The data processing unit is used for receiving the original data set transmitted by the sensing integrated unit, removing random noise in the original data set and abnormal values in the data based on a denoising algorithm, and obtaining real-time monitoring data; The data storage unit is used for storing historical soil data and real-time monitoring data, and a distributed storage structure is adopted in the data storage unit and used for synchronizing data among different nodes; The data analysis unit generates a monitoring report based on the real-time monitoring data, wherein the report content comprises temperature change, humidity distribution, nutritional ingredient status and pollutant accumulation conditions in soil, and provides corresponding management advice by combining soil requirements of different crop growth stages; in addition, the data analysis unit also has an abnormality detection function, when the current health state of the soil is determined, and the obtained judgment result is an unhealthy label, a soil abnormality early warning is generated and sent to the remote monitoring terminal, and a regulation proposal scheme is generated by the remote monitoring terminal according to the soil abnormality early warning.
6. 6. The system for monitoring the soil environment based on the wireless sensor network of claim 5, wherein the data processing unit performs preliminary matching on the real-time monitoring data and standard soil parameters, and the process of judging the current health state of the soil is as follows: Collecting standard parameter ranges of different types of soil under normal conditions from an agricultural research institution and a soil science database, classifying and sorting the standard parameters of different areas and different soil types, and establishing a database of the standard soil parameters; The method comprises the steps of carrying out standardization processing on different parameter values in real-time monitoring data, converting the different parameter values into values between 0 and 1, comparing each parameter value in the standardized real-time monitoring data with a corresponding standard soil parameter range, recording whether each parameter is in the standard range to obtain a comparison result, carrying out evaluation by a weighted average method according to the comparison result of each parameter to determine the current health state of soil to obtain a judgment result, and representing the judgment result of the health state of the soil by adopting health, general and unhealthy labels.
7. 7. The system for monitoring the soil environment based on the wireless sensor network as claimed in claim 6, wherein the transmission delay early warning mechanism of the transmission module comprises: the signal enhancement unit is used for adjusting the signal strength according to the change of the transmission distance, the transmission rate and the environmental interference degree, and when the transmission module detects that the signal is attenuated in the transmission process, the monitoring system automatically adjusts the transmitting power and the receiving sensitivity; the path transmission unit is used for carrying out redundant transmission on data through a plurality of sensing nodes, and when the signal of one path is attenuated or delayed, the monitoring system is automatically switched to the other path; The transmission monitoring unit is used for monitoring the delay condition of data transmission in real time, generating a regulation and control decision based on a delay early warning mechanism and combining delay signal early warning, wherein the regulation and control decision comprises reducing the transmission frequency and increasing the bandwidth.
8. 8. The soil environment monitoring system based on the wireless sensor network of claim 7, wherein the monitoring system automatically adjusts the transmitting power and the receiving sensitivity: the signal monitoring subunit in the transmission module continuously monitors signals in the transmission process, measures the strength, the signal-to-noise ratio and the error rate of the signals in real time to judge the quality of the signals so as to obtain the quality of the signals, and simultaneously, obtains a signal parameter trend based on the quality of the signals and recording the change condition of signal parameters along with time, wherein the signal parameter trend comprises signal parameter decrease, signal parameter stability and signal parameter increase; When the monitored signal parameters are reduced, the signal attenuation in the transmission process is indicated, at the moment, an attenuation early warning is generated, the current transmission distance and the environment interference condition are analyzed based on the attenuation early warning, the transmission distance is obtained through node positioning information and environment sensor data, the environment interference degree is estimated through monitoring electromagnetic interference and obstacles, the transmission power range needing to be adjusted is determined according to the change of the transmission distance and the environment interference, and the signal enhancement unit adjusts the transmission power in a small step-size increasing or decreasing mode.
9. 9. The system for monitoring soil environment based on wireless sensor network of claim 8, wherein the automatic adjustment of the receiving sensitivity is characterized by: The signal enhancement unit evaluates the requirement on the quality of a received signal according to the current monitoring task and the data transmission requirement to obtain the signal quality requirement, and adjusts the receiving sensitivity in a small step adjustment mode based on the signal quality requirement; The process of the monitoring system automatically switching to another path is as follows: The path transmission unit reads the corresponding abnormal signal early warning of the paths with attenuation or delay of the signals based on the abnormal signal early warning, obtains the corresponding paths with problems, generates a reading result, wherein the reading result comprises the attenuation signal early warning and the delay signal early warning, the central control unit of the monitoring system makes a switching decision according to the attenuation signal early warning in the reading result of the path transmission unit, and transmits the switching decision to the path transmission unit, the path transmission unit stops using the paths with problems after receiving the switching decision and switches to another available path, after switching is completed, the path transmission unit confirms the signal quality of the new paths to obtain a switching result, and feeds the switching result back to the central control unit, and the central control unit judges whether switching is successful according to the fed-back switching result, if the new paths still have problems, the switching is performed again until the switching is successful.
10. 10. The system for monitoring the soil environment based on the wireless sensor network of claim 9, wherein the diagnosis module comprises: The automatic maintenance unit is used for generating a maintenance command based on the fault early warning signal, and waking up the standby node after receiving the maintenance command through the central control unit of the monitoring system; the method comprises the steps of generating a warning diagnosis report based on a decay signal warning or a delay signal warning and combining a switching decision, generating a fault diagnosis report based on a fault warning signal and a maintenance command, and transmitting the warning diagnosis report and the fault diagnosis report to a remote monitoring terminal.

Description

Soil environment monitoring system based on wireless sensor network Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of soil environment monitoring, in particular to a soil environment monitoring system based on a wireless sensor network. Background With the increasing demands of agricultural modernization and environmental protection, the traditional soil environment monitoring method mainly depends on manual sampling and laboratory analysis, and has the defects that on one hand, the manual sampling and laboratory analysis are high in cost and long in time, the soil environment is difficult to monitor in real time, on the other hand, the traditional monitoring method is difficult to adapt to complex soil environment changes due to limited sampling points, the soil environment changes are more and more complicated along with the influences of agricultural production activities and industrial development, a technical means capable of accurately monitoring the soil environment changes in real time is needed, the development of a wireless sensor network technology provides a new solution for soil environment monitoring, the wireless sensor network is composed of a large number of sensor nodes, the nodes can be distributed in the soil environment, the soil environment data is collected in real time and is transmitted to a central node for processing and analyzing through a wireless communication mode, however, in the use process of the traditional soil environment monitoring system, the signal attenuation problem exists that when a control signal is transmitted in the soil, the signal is delayed due to the fact that various environment changes occur due to the fact that the signal is not attenuated due to the fact that the signal is transmitted in the soil, and the signal is not attenuated, and the signal is not transmitted in time is not stable. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problems, and the soil environment monitoring system based on the wireless sensor network comprises a sensing node module, a sensor set and a wireless sensor network, wherein the sensing node module is used for being installed in the soil environment to be monitored and is responsible for collecting environmental data in the soil; the data processing module is used for receiving the original data set, preprocessing the original data set, and preliminarily matching the real-time monitoring data with standard soil parameters to judge the current health state of the soil. The transmission module is connected with the data processing module, transmits real-time monitoring data to the remote monitoring terminal based on a wireless communication protocol, and adjusts the data transmission rate in real time by combining a transmission delay early warning mechanism so as to ensure the reliability and instantaneity of the data; The diagnosis module is used for diagnosing the whole wireless sensor network, ensuring the normal operation of each sensing node, detecting whether the sensing nodes have signal delay, attenuation and sensor faults, and generating corresponding diagnosis reports. Preferably, the sensing node module includes: The system comprises a sensing integrated unit, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the sensing integrated unit is used for detecting environmental data in soil in real time, the environmental data comprises physical data and chemical data, the physical data comprises soil temperature, humidity and density, the chemical data comprises pH value, nutrition components and pollutant concentration; The system comprises a sensor node, a node positioning unit, a monitoring system and a monitoring system, wherein the sensor node is used for monitoring the soil environment, the node positioning unit is used for adjusting the installation position of the sensor based on the wireless signal intensity and the geographical position of the sensor node, the adjustment of the installation position comprises angle adjustment and height adjustment so as to ensure the optimal signal coverage range and data acquisition precision, and the node positioning unit is used for detecting the signal environment in the soil environment and adjusting the installation position of the sensor based on the adjustment command sent by the monitoring system when the node positioning unit detects that the soil environment has strong signal interference. Preferably, the sensing node module further includes: the signal early warning unit is connected with the sensing integrated unit, is used for early warning based on abnormal signals generated by the node positioning unit, is combined with the soil environment characteristics of the position of the node, is packaged into soil environment signal early warning, and transmits the soil environment signal early warning to the data processing module through the wireless sensor network; The signal early-warning unit is also used for generati