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CN-122002255-A - Distributed building vibration monitoring method and system

CN122002255ACN 122002255 ACN122002255 ACN 122002255ACN-122002255-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a distributed building vibration monitoring method and system, wherein the method comprises the following steps of step 1, detecting node hardware model selection, step 2, sink node hardware model selection, step 3, system hardware deployment, step 4, detecting node software initialization and operation, step 5, sink node software data processing, step 6, positioning algorithm execution, step 7, positioning accuracy test and calibration, and step 8, data transmission stability test. The invention has the beneficial effects that (1) the problem of signal blind areas in complex building environments existing in the traditional wireless technology is solved. (2) The sensor deployment density is reduced, the positioning efficiency is improved while the hardware cost of the project is controlled, and the positioning precision is far superior to that of the traditional acoustic positioning scheme. (3) The information loss possibly caused by temporary interruption of data transmission is reduced, the reliability of the system is improved, and the system is well suitable for long-term unattended monitoring scene requirements of accessory block Yu.

Inventors

  • JIANG YANNAN
  • LIAO CHENYAN
  • LIU HAOZHONG
  • WANG JIAO

Assignees

  • 桂林电子科技大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260210

Claims (5)

  1. 1. The distributed building vibration monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: The method comprises the steps of 1, selecting detection node hardware, namely selecting a triaxial vibration sensor, a low-power-consumption embedded microcontroller supporting analog-to-digital conversion and detection node star flash module driving, a detection node star flash module and a local storage module as core hardware, integrating and then providing lithium battery power supply to obtain detection node hardware with vibration signal acquisition, preprocessing, transmission and local backup functions; step 2, sink node hardware model selection, namely selecting a high-performance embedded microcontroller, a sink node star flash module with the same model as the detection node star flash module and an upper computer combination based on the detection node hardware obtained in the step 1 to obtain sink node hardware with data receiving, preliminary processing, uploading and positioning calculation supporting functions; the system hardware deployment comprises the steps of deploying 1 detection node in a stair wall of each floor of a target building according to two stages based on the detection node obtained in the step 1 and the sink node obtained in the step 2, deploying 3 detection nodes in a plurality of key positions of the target floor after the target floor is locked in a subsequent stage, so that the array layout capable of covering the whole monitoring area is formed, and ensuring effective working space among the detection nodes; Step 4, initializing and running detection node software, namely initializing a vibration sensor, a detection node star flash module and a local storage module after the system is electrified based on the detection node hardware deployed in the step 3, starting low-power monitoring and data acquisition, preprocessing, transmission and local backup processes, obtaining preprocessed vibration data with a timestamp and sending the preprocessed vibration data to the sink node; Step 5, processing the data of the sink node software, namely receiving the data through the sink node star flash module based on the vibration data sent to the sink node in the step4, forwarding the data to the high-performance embedded microcontroller, and obtaining effective vibration data uploaded to the upper computer after CRC (cyclic redundancy check) and timestamp synchronous processing of the high-performance embedded microcontroller; Step 6, the positioning algorithm is executed, namely, based on the effective vibration data obtained in the step 5 and the data in the storage module, the target floor is locked by comparing the signal intensity of the nodes of each floor through an upper computer, then the triggering time of the detection node of the target floor array in the step 3 is extracted, and the floor where the noise source is located and the specific vibration source position are obtained through calculation of time difference and distance difference and solution of a hyperbola equation; Step 7, positioning accuracy test and calibration, namely based on the positioning result obtained in the step 6, generating standard vibration signals on each floor and each area, recording the positioning result, adjusting the sensor trigger threshold and the positioning algorithm parameters, and obtaining calibrated parameters and positioning results with standard accuracy; And 8, testing data transmission stability, namely monitoring the cross-floor data transmission state through the uninterrupted operation test for 72 hours based on the system calibrated in the step 7 to obtain a data transmission stability verification report, wherein the verification system meets the real-time positioning operation requirement.
  2. 2. The distributed building vibration monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step 4 is specifically that after a system is powered on, a low-power-consumption embedded microcontroller automatically completes initialization configuration of a vibration sensor, a detection node star flash module and a local storage module, the vibration sensor enters a low-power-consumption monitoring mode, when the intensity of vibration signals detected by the vibration sensor exceeds a preset threshold value, data acquisition is triggered, after the raw data acquired by the vibration sensor are subjected to filtering, amplifying and analog-to-digital conversion pretreatment by the low-power-consumption embedded microcontroller, a node time stamp is added, an attempt is made to synchronously store data which is failed to be transmitted to a convergence node through the detection node star flash module, and the detection node returns to the low-power-consumption mode after data transmission is completed.
  3. 3. The distributed building vibration monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the microcontroller in step 5 performs time stamp synchronization by means of a sink star flash module clock synchronization function.
  4. 4. The distributed building vibration monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein step 6 specifically comprises: Step 6.1, based on the effective vibration data obtained in the step 5 and the data in the storage module, the upper computer firstly compares the signal intensity, the vibration triggering time and the characteristic frequency of each floor detection node, and locks the target floor with the strongest vibration signal; Step 6.2, extracting vibration triggering time t1, t2 and t3 from the 3 detection node data of the target floor, calculating time difference delta t12=t2-t 1 and delta t13=t3-t 1, and converting distance difference delta d12=v×delta t12 and delta d13=v×delta t13 by combining the preset wall vibration propagation speed v; and 6.3, respectively taking two detection nodes as focuses, constructing two hyperbolic equations with corresponding distance differences as real axis lengths, solving intersection points, mapping specific area numbers by combining floor layout, and visually displaying after correcting errors.
  5. 5. A distributed building vibration monitoring system for applying the distributed building vibration monitoring method of any one of claims 1-4, comprising: The vibration sensor is used for capturing vibration signals generated by noise of the building wall; The low-power-consumption embedded microcontroller is responsible for preprocessing the vibration signal, extracting characteristic parameters, controlling the star flash module of the detection node to transmit data and managing the storage module; the detection node star flash module realizes wireless communication with the sink node, has the characteristics of wall penetration, interference resistance and microsecond level response, and ensures real-time data transmission; the local storage module is used for backing up the original data with failed transmission and the preprocessing result, so that the data loss is avoided; the sink node star flash module receives the data of each detection node and forwards the data to the embedded microcontroller, and a communication link between the detection node and the sink node is established; The high-performance embedded microcontroller performs CRC check and time stamp synchronization on the received data to complete data preliminary integration; The upper computer is internally provided with a positioning algorithm and a data visualization module and is responsible for data storage, analysis, positioning calculation, result correction and visualization display, and is simultaneously used for system test and parameter calibration.

Description

Distributed building vibration monitoring method and system Technical Field The invention relates to the field of vibration source positioning and wireless detection, in particular to a distributed building vibration monitoring method and system. Background In modern building management, noise pollution control and source tracing are key requirements for improving living and office comfort. The existing building noise positioning technology is mainly dependent on an acoustic sensor array or a single dimension detection means, and has the technical bottlenecks that on one hand, a traditional acoustic sensor is easy to be interfered by environmental background noise, a sound signal is fast in attenuation and easy to be blocked and reflected by a wall body when being transmitted in an air medium, signal distortion is caused, floors and rooms of a noise source are difficult to accurately distinguish, positioning errors are extremely large, on the other hand, the existing wireless transmission is mainly based on Bluetooth and WiFi technologies, bluetooth transmission distance is short, wall penetrating capability is weak, cross-floor transmission requirements cannot be met, wiFi in dense buildings is poor in interference resistance, packet loss rate is high, real-time performance and integrity of data required for positioning are difficult to be guaranteed, in addition, the existing positioning method is mainly based on one-time global dense deployment sensors, outstanding contradiction between positioning accuracy and deployment cost is formed, layered efficient positioning logic of 'first coarsely positioning floors and then finely positioning specific areas' cannot be realized, and practicability is poor. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical defects, the invention aims to provide a distributed building vibration monitoring method and system, which have three main core advantages that firstly, a vibration sensor is adopted to replace a traditional acoustic sensor to capture wall vibration signals caused by noise, the propagation stability of vibration in solids is strong, the attenuation law is predictable, the vibration is not interfered by air background noise, the noise source signal characteristics can be accurately reserved by combining the high-precision characteristics of the sensor, the problems of weak interference resistance and rapid signal attenuation are effectively solved, secondly, a star flash technology is adopted as a wireless transmission core, the star flash technology is adopted as a novel short-distance wireless communication standard, microsecond-level response is realized, the system can stably penetrate 4 blocks of entity walls, cross-floor transmission is adapted, interference resistance is excellent, concurrent connection of multiple microsecond-level response speed is supported, real-time no-packet loss transmission of data is guaranteed, the bottleneck of traditional wireless transmission is overcome, and thirdly, a layered positioning strategy is adopted, a small number of nodes on each floor are deployed at first, then, accurate positioning of nodes on a target floor is realized, the high-cost deployment is avoided, and the accurate positioning algorithm is realized by the accurate positioning algorithm, and the vibration positioning method is balanced with high-precision positioning source. The invention aims to solve four core problems in the existing building noise positioning technology, namely, 1 poor wireless transmission stability, serious signal attenuation, high packet loss rate during cross-floor and through-wall transmission, incapability of guaranteeing real-time reliable transmission of positioning data, 2 insufficient positioning precision, difficulty in realizing layered accurate positioning from floors to specific areas, easiness in positioning deviation caused by environmental interference, 3 high sensor deployment cost, high power consumption, poor economy of a global dense deployment scheme, incapability of long-term monitoring, 4 single data processing and positioning logic, incapability of adapting to a accessory block-Yu multilayer and multi-room complex space structure and low positioning efficiency. The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows, the distributed building vibration monitoring method comprises the following steps: The method comprises the steps of 1, selecting detection node hardware, namely selecting a triaxial vibration sensor, a low-power-consumption embedded microcontroller supporting analog-to-digital conversion and detection node star flash module driving, a detection node star flash module and a local storage module as core hardware, integrating and then providing lithium battery power supply to obtain detection node hardware with vibration signal acquisition, preprocessing, transmission and local backup functions; step 2, sink node hardware model selection, namely selecting a high-performance embedde