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CN-122002256-A - Comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method for mountain jungle disaster rescue

CN122002256ACN 122002256 ACN122002256 ACN 122002256ACN-122002256-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of emergency rescue communication, in particular to a comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method for mountain jungle disaster rescue; the method comprises the steps of deploying an individual beacon and signal emission, deploying an unmanned aerial vehicle aerial platform and scanning response, performing high-precision three-dimensional positioning based on a complex environment of SAR, constructing a self-adaptive 5G and Mesh self-organizing network based on perception, performing accurate hovering and communication guarantee of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on positioning information, performing large-range communication coverage through multi-machine cooperation, and achieving the purposes of overcoming the complex terrain environment, realizing accurate positioning of the individual fire fighter, quickly establishing a large-range and high-reliability emergency communication link and guiding the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform accurate communication guarantee.

Inventors

  • LIU MENG
  • ZHANG YEQIN
  • XU JIANFEI
  • LI ZHIYONG

Assignees

  • 应急管理部沈阳消防研究所
  • 广东省智能机器人研究院

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20251225

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method for mountain jungle disaster rescue is characterized by comprising the following steps of: deploying an individual beacon and signal transmission; deploying an unmanned aerial vehicle aerial platform and a scanning response; SAR-based complex environment high-precision three-dimensional positioning; Constructing a self-adaptive 5G and Mesh self-organizing network based on perception; Unmanned aerial vehicle accurate hovering and communication guarantee based on positioning information; And large-range communication coverage is realized through multi-machine cooperation.
  2. 2. The mountain-oriented jungle disaster relief comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of deploying individual beacons and signal transmission: the method comprises the steps that low-power-consumption, integrated and miniaturized ultra-wideband synthetic aperture radar beacons are provided for individual firefighters entering mountain jungle rescue areas; The beacon is used for continuously transmitting the UWB pulse signals with low power consumption as a signal source for positioning and identification.
  3. 3. The mountain oriented jungle disaster relief comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of deploying the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial platform and scanning response: Deploying an aerial emergency communication and positioning platform, wherein the aerial emergency communication and positioning platform is an unmanned aerial vehicle with large load and long endurance characteristics; the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with an SAR signal receiving and processing module, a 5G and a Mesh ad hoc network base station module, wherein the Mesh ad hoc network base station module comprises a public network base station and a private network base station; and controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to take off, cruising and scanning the rescue target area, and receiving and processing UWB signals from the ground individual beacons.
  4. 4. The comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method for mountain jungle disaster relief according to claim 1, wherein in the step of high-precision stereo positioning based on the complex environment of SAR: Receiving ultra-wideband UWB signal echoes of the individual beacons from different flight positions and angles by utilizing an SAR signal receiving and processing module carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle; The method comprises the steps of performing coherent superposition processing on multi-angle echo signals through a synthetic aperture radar algorithm, penetrating a vegetation attenuation layer by utilizing ultra-wideband characteristics of UWB signals, compensating individual soldier motion phase errors by combining an inverse synthetic aperture radar technology, generating a high-resolution radar image, breaking through physical shielding of jungle leaf clusters, accurately calculating three-dimensional space coordinates of each beacon relative to an unmanned aerial vehicle, and performing centimeter-level high-precision three-dimensional positioning on individual soldiers.
  5. 5. The comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method for mountain-oriented jungle disaster relief according to claim 1, wherein in the step of constructing the perception-based adaptive 5G and Mesh ad hoc network: in the process of executing the positioning task, an emergency communication network is constructed by utilizing a 5G and Mesh ad hoc network base station module carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle; Based on a perceived frequency set and a coding self-adaption technology, the system periodically carries out spectrum perception, recognizes a blank frequency band with smaller interference through perceiving channel noise, fading and collision characteristics of a wireless environment in real time, actively evades the interference, selects an optimal communication channel, evaluates the quality of each candidate channel by transmitting a pilot signal and analyzing channel state information of a receiving end, dynamically switches working frequency points and adaptively adjusts modulation orders and coding rates according to a preset optimization target, and selects an optimal modulation coding scheme based on channel time domain and frequency domain channel estimation technology of a reference signal so as to maximize the transmission efficiency of the wireless channel and carry out efficient broadband transmission; Carrying out multimode converged communication, and simultaneously integrating functions of a public network base station and a private network base station by a 5G and Mesh self-organizing network base station module to construct a public-private converged communication link; mesh networking is carried out, and a 5G multi-carrier modulation and large-scale MIMO technology is combined with an ad hoc network technology, so that a dynamic multi-hop broadband ad hoc network is formed between a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles or unmanned aerial vehicles and ground command nodes.
  6. 6. The comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method for mountain-oriented jungle disaster relief according to claim 1, wherein in the step of unmanned aerial vehicle accurate hovering and communication guarantee based on positioning information: The acquired accurate position information of the individual soldier is sent to an unmanned aerial vehicle flight control system in real time, and the unmanned aerial vehicle is guided to fly independently to the rescue team or the trapped personnel vertically upwards and hover by the flight control system according to the coordinates; the unmanned aerial vehicle is located right above the individual soldier, so that a nearly vertical communication link without shielding is formed, and stable and reliable public network and private network communication access is provided for the individual ground soldier.
  7. 7. The comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method for mountain-oriented jungle disaster relief according to claim 1, wherein in the step of performing the wide-range communication coverage by multi-machine cooperation: When the rescue area is wide, the multiple unmanned aerial vehicles can be dynamically distributed by a ground command system through a preset geofence, the coverage sub-areas are autonomously divided, mutual discovery is realized among the unmanned aerial vehicles through periodic broadcast beacon frames, and a Mesh network protocol such as an on-demand distance vector routing protocol is adopted to automatically establish and maintain a multi-hop relay path so as to form a redundant network with self-healing capacity; The communication ranges covered by the self-networking networks are fused into a huge and seamless communication network through the established self-networking interconnection.

Description

Comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method for mountain jungle disaster rescue Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of emergency rescue communication, in particular to a comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method for mountain jungle disaster rescue. Background In recent years, with popularization of outdoor activities, accident frequently occurs when people in the mountain jungle environment are in danger, a serious challenge is presented to rescue capability of a fire-fighting rescue team, and three core problems are brought to rescue actions due to complex mountain jungle topography and severe environment. Poor communication, the mountain jungle area usually lacks public network coverage, leads to the failure of conventional communication equipment such as mobile phones. Meanwhile, dense vegetation and mountain bodies have serious shielding and shielding effects on radio signals, so that the communication distance of a conventional interphone equipped by a firefighting rescue team is rapidly compressed to about 600 meters, and the requirement of long-distance cooperative combat cannot be met. Although satellite phones can be used as an alternative, the use conditions are severe, requiring rescue workers to reach open areas on the tops of mountains and even to cut down trees to stars, severely delaying precious rescue opportunities. The positioning is difficult, and in the deep of the close forest, the tree canopy seriously shields and shields signals of global navigation satellite systems such as Beidou, GPS and the like, so that the accurate position of the tree canopy is difficult to acquire by rescue workers in real time. In addition, the visibility in the forest is extremely poor, fog is often diffused, the direction is extremely lost even in the daytime, and huge risks are brought to the cooperative coordination and self-safety of rescue teams. The limitation of the existing unmanned aerial vehicle communication scheme is that the unmanned aerial vehicle is utilized to carry the communication equipment, so that the problem is solved, but the existing scheme has obvious defects. The unmanned aerial vehicle in the common industry has limited load, is difficult to carry a high-performance communication base station, has small communication coverage range and mostly adopts point-to-point communication in the line of sight. While the large unmanned aerial vehicle such as pterosaurs meets the requirements on load and endurance, the unmanned aerial vehicle has the problems of low response speed, high use cost, about ten kilometers of spiral radius, about 3000 meters in height, incapability of accurately positioning and guaranteeing communication of rescue workers during hovering like a helicopter, and the like, and is difficult to adapt to the sudden and flexible requirements of mountain jungle rescue. In summary, the method for overcoming the complex terrain environment, realizing the accurate positioning of the individual fire fighters, and rapidly establishing the large-range and high-reliability emergency communication link to guide the unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out the accurate communication guarantee is very necessary. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method for mountain jungle disaster rescue, which aims to overcome complex terrain environments, realize accurate positioning of individual fire fighters, quickly establish a large-range and high-reliability emergency communication link and guide unmanned aerial vehicles to carry out accurate communication guarantee. In order to achieve the purpose, the comprehensive positioning and emergency communication method for mountain jungle disaster relief comprises the following steps: deploying an individual beacon and signal transmission; deploying an unmanned aerial vehicle aerial platform and a scanning response; SAR-based complex environment high-precision three-dimensional positioning; Constructing a self-adaptive 5G and Mesh self-organizing network based on perception; Unmanned aerial vehicle accurate hovering and communication guarantee based on positioning information; And large-range communication coverage is realized through multi-machine cooperation. Wherein, in the step of deploying individual beacons and signal transmissions: the method comprises the steps that low-power-consumption, integrated and miniaturized ultra-wideband synthetic aperture radar beacons are provided for individual firefighters entering mountain jungle rescue areas; The beacon is used for continuously transmitting the UWB pulse signals with low power consumption as a signal source for positioning and identification. Wherein, in the steps of deploying the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial platform and scanning response: Deploying an aerial emergency communication and positioning platform, wherein the aerial emergency communication and posi