CN-122003009-A - Solar cell, preparation method thereof, photovoltaic module, power generation device and power utilization device

Abstract

The application provides a solar cell which comprises a first electrode, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode, the perovskite light absorption layer, the electron transport layer and the electron transport layer are arranged in a stacked mode, the perovskite light absorption layer is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the perovskite light absorption layer is arranged on one side, far away from the second electrode, of the electron transport layer, and the electron transport layer comprises an electron transport material and N-type heteroaromatic N-oxides. The solar cell of the present application has improved photovoltaic performance and stability.

Inventors

• CHEN JUNCHAO
• Zhuang Rongshan
• WU XUEYUN
• LIU SHUO
• CHEN CHEN

Assignees

• 宁德时代未来能源(上海)研究院有限公司
• 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20241106

Claims (17)

1. 1. The solar cell is characterized by comprising a first electrode, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode which are stacked, wherein the perovskite light absorption layer and the electron transport layer are stacked between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the perovskite light absorption layer is arranged on one side, away from the second electrode, of the electron transport layer; Wherein the electron transport layer comprises an electron transport material and an N-type heteroaromatic N-oxide.
2. 2. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the N-type heteroaromatic ring N-oxide comprises a substituted or unsubstituted 5-to 12-membered heteroaromatic ring N-oxide.
3. 3. The solar cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in case the N-type heteroaromatic ring N-oxide has a substituent, the substituent comprises one or more of halogen, hydroxy, amino, C 1-4 alkyl, halogenated C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy.
4. 4. The solar cell of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the N-type heteroaromatic ring N-oxide comprises 8-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide.
5. 5. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the weight content of the N-type heteroaromatic N-oxide is more than 0 and less than 2wt% based on the total weight of the electron transport layer.
6. 6. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electron transport layer further comprises a polydisulfide.
7. 7. The solar cell of claim 6, wherein the polydisulfide comprises a repeating unit of the formula:
8. 8. the solar cell according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the weight content of the polydisulfide is more than 0 and less than 0.5wt%, based on the total weight of the electron transport layer.
9. 9. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the electron transport material comprises a fullerene-based electron transport material.
10. 10. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the thickness of the electron transport layer is 15nm to 40nm.
11. 11. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the first electrode, a hole transporting layer, the perovskite light absorbing layer, the electron transporting layer and the second electrode in a stacked arrangement, wherein the hole transporting layer is located between the first electrode and the perovskite light absorbing layer, the first electrode being a transparent electrode.
12. 12. A method of manufacturing a solar cell, comprising: Preparing a first electrode, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode which are stacked, wherein the perovskite light absorption layer and the electron transport layer are stacked between the first electrode and the second electrode, the perovskite light absorption layer is arranged on one side of the electron transport layer away from the second electrode, The method for preparing the electron transport layer comprises the steps of preparing a mixed solution of an electron transport material and N-type heteroaromatic N-oxide, coating the mixed solution between the perovskite light absorption layer and the second electrode, and annealing.
13. 13. The method of preparing the electron transport layer according to claim 12, wherein the method of preparing the electron transport layer comprises preparing a mixed solution of the electron transport material, the N-type heteroaromatic N-oxide and disulfide monomer, applying the mixed solution between the perovskite light absorbing layer and the second electrode, and annealing the mixed solution.
14. 14. The method of preparation of claim 13, wherein the N-type heteroaromatic ring N-oxide comprises 8-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide and/or the disulfide monomer comprises lipoic acid.
15. 15. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that it comprises a solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a solar cell produced by the production method according to any one of claims 12 to 14.
16. 16. A power generation device, characterized in that the power generation device comprises the solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or the solar cell produced by the production method according to any one of claims 12 to 14.
17. 17. An electrical device, characterized in that it comprises a solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a solar cell produced by the production method according to any one of claims 12 to 14.

Description

Solar cell, preparation method thereof, photovoltaic module, power generation device and power utilization device Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a solar battery, a preparation method thereof, a photovoltaic module, a power generation device and a power utilization device. Background The solar cell is a new energy source which is rapidly developed in recent years, is mainly based on a semiconductor material, utilizes a photoelectric material to absorb light energy and then generates photovoltaic reaction, and has the advantages of stability, safety, reproducibility, no pollution and the like. Perovskite solar cells are solar cells that utilize perovskite materials as light absorbing materials. Compared with other solar cells, the perovskite solar cell has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, simple process and the like, so that rapid development is achieved. However, the photoelectric performance of perovskite solar cells in the related art still cannot meet the demands of practical application and industrial development. Therefore, how to improve the photoelectric performance of perovskite solar cells remains a technical problem to be solved. Disclosure of Invention The present application has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a solar cell, a photovoltaic module, a power generation device, and a power utilization device. The solar cell has improved photovoltaic properties. In order to achieve the aim, the first aspect of the application provides a solar cell, which comprises a first electrode, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode, the perovskite light absorption layer, the electron transport layer and the second electrode are arranged in a stacked mode, the perovskite light absorption layer is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the perovskite light absorption layer is arranged on one side, away from the second electrode, of the electron transport layer, and the electron transport layer comprises an electron transport material and N-type heteroaromatic N-oxides. By incorporating N-type heteroaromatic N-oxides in the electron transport layer, the molecule has nitroxide radicals which act as electron donors to raise the electron concentration of the electron transport layer and lower the resistance, thereby forming a faster conductive channel within the electron transport layer, thereby increasing the conductivity of the electron transport layer, while conjugated structures in the molecule can create stacks of conjugated structures, facilitating dispersion, thereby facilitating transport of charges in the film. Accordingly, the solar cell of the present application has improved photoelectric properties and stability. In some embodiments, the N-type heteroaromatic N-oxide includes substituted or unsubstituted 5-to 12-membered heteroaromatic N-oxides. Therefore, the transmission of charges in the film layer can be further promoted, and the carrier mobility is improved, so that the conductivity of the electron transmission layer is further improved, and the photoelectric performance of the solar cell is further improved. In some embodiments, where the N-type heteroaromatic ring N-oxide has a substituent, the substituent comprises one or more of halogen, hydroxy, amino, C 1-4 alkyl, halo C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy. Therefore, the conjugation effect of the N-type heteroaromatic ring N-oxide or the electron density of a system can be further enhanced, so that the conductivity of the electron transport layer is improved, and the photoelectric performance of the solar cell is further improved. In some embodiments, the N-type heteroaromatic ring N-oxide comprises 8-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide. Therefore, the conductivity of the electron transport layer is improved, and the photoelectric performance of the solar cell is further improved. In some embodiments, the N-type heteroaromatic ring N-oxide is present in an amount greater than 0 and less than 2wt% based on the total weight of the electron transport layer. Therefore, the conductivity and stability of the electron transport layer are kept in a certain range, and the electron transport layer is suitable for different application scenes. In some embodiments, the electron transport layer further comprises a polydisulfide. Therefore, the defect state can be passivated, the electron mobility is further increased, the energy band structure is regulated, the intermediate energy level is introduced, and the matching property with the perovskite energy level is improved, so that the stability of the device is improved. In some embodiments, the polydisulfide comprises a repeating unit represented by the formula: The polydisulfide can further increase electron mobility, and simultaneously adjust the energy band structure and introduce intermediate energy level, t