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CN-122003011-A - Perovskite solar cell, photovoltaic module, power utilization device and power generation device

CN122003011ACN 122003011 ACN122003011 ACN 122003011ACN-122003011-A

Abstract

The application provides a perovskite solar cell, a photovoltaic module, an electricity utilization device and a power generation device. The perovskite solar cell comprises a first electrode, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode, wherein the perovskite layer and the electron transport layer are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode in a layer-by-layer mode, and the material of the electron transport layer comprises one or more of compounds with structures shown in the following formula (I). The perovskite solar cell has higher photoelectric conversion efficiency and lower cost.

Inventors

  • ZHONG HONGLIANG
  • HE ZHILONG
  • WU XUEYUN
  • CHEN JUNCHAO
  • JIA BOYU

Assignees

  • 宁德时代未来能源(上海)研究院有限公司
  • 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
  • 上海交通大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20241108

Claims (15)

  1. 1. The perovskite solar cell is characterized by comprising a first electrode, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode, wherein the perovskite layer and the electron transport layer are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode in a layer-by-layer mode, and the material of the electron transport layer comprises one or more of compounds with structures shown in the following formula (I): Wherein, the N is 2, 3, 4 or 5; Each X 1 、Y 1 、X 2 、Y 2 independently comprises H, F, cl or Br; ar in each repeating unit independently comprises a C6-C8 aryl or a 5-8 membered heteroaryl; R 1 、R 2 and R 3 、R 4 in each repeating unit each independently comprise H or C1-C20 alkyl.
  2. 2. The perovskite solar cell of claim 1, wherein Ar in each repeating unit independently comprises a phenyl group or a 5-6 membered heteroaryl group.
  3. 3. The perovskite solar cell of claim 2, wherein Ar in each repeating unit independently comprises a group as follows: Wherein Z comprises O, S or Se.
  4. 4. A perovskite solar cell according to claim 3, wherein the material of the electron transport layer comprises one or more of the compounds having the structure shown in formula (I-1) below:
  5. 5. The perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the material of the electron transport layer comprises one or more of the following compounds:
  6. 6. The perovskite solar cell of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the electron transport layer has a thickness of 20nm to 30nm.
  7. 7. The perovskite solar cell of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the material of the perovskite layer comprises Cs a FA b MA c Pb d Sn e I f Br g , wherein a is 0 to 0.25, b is 0.75 to 1, c is 0 to 0.1, d is 0.5 to 1, e is 0 to 0.5, f is 2 to 3, and g is 0 to 1.
  8. 8. The perovskite solar cell of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the perovskite layer is disposed between the first electrode and the electron transport layer, the first electrode comprising a transparent conductive electrode.
  9. 9. An organic compound having a structure represented by the following formula (I): Wherein, the N is 2, 3, 4 or 5; Each X 1 、Y 1 、X 2 、Y 2 independently comprises H, F, cl or Br; ar in each repeating unit independently comprises a C6-C8 aryl or a 5-8 membered heteroaryl; R 1 、R 2 and R 3 、R 4 in each repeating unit each independently comprise H or C1-C20 alkyl.
  10. 10. The organic compound according to claim 9, wherein Ar in each repeating unit independently comprises a group as shown below: Wherein Z comprises O, S or Se.
  11. 11. The organic compound according to claim 10, which has a structure represented by the following formula (I-1):
  12. 12. An electron transporting material comprising the organic compound according to any one of claims 9 to 11.
  13. 13. A photovoltaic module comprising the perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the organic compound according to any one of claims 9 to 11, or the electron transporting material according to claim 12.
  14. 14. An electrical device comprising the perovskite solar cell of any one of claims 1 to 8, the organic compound of any one of claims 9 to 11, the electron transport material of claim 12, or the photovoltaic module of claim 13.
  15. 15. A power generation device comprising the perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the organic compound according to any one of claims 9 to 11, the electron transport material according to claim 12, or the photovoltaic module according to claim 13.

Description

Perovskite solar cell, photovoltaic module, power utilization device and power generation device Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a perovskite solar cell, a photovoltaic module, an electricity utilization device and a power generation device. Background Perovskite solar cells (PSCs, perovskite solar cells) are devices for converting solar energy into electric energy by using a photoelectric conversion mechanism of perovskite crystal materials, are the current third-generation solar cells, and have various advantages of high photoelectric conversion efficiency, simple manufacturing process, low production cost and the like, and have been studied in a large number in recent years. Perovskite solar cells can be classified into a formal (n-i-p) structure and a trans (p-i-n) structure according to the arrangement of the functional layers. The formal structure and the trans-structure have different requirements for charge transport and extraction due to different arrangement of the functional layers, and therefore, the requirements for the materials of the electron transport layers are different. Conventional trans-structured perovskite solar cells typically employ C 60 and [6,6] -phenyl-C61-butanoic acid methyl ester (PCBM) as electron transport layers, but they are costly and require active search for alternative materials. There are methods to replace C 60 and PCBM with Nb 2O5 or naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide (NDI) or perylene tetracarboxylic diimide (PDI) structural unit-containing materials, but the Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency (PCE) needs to be further improved. Disclosure of Invention Based on the above, the present application provides a perovskite solar cell having high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and a photovoltaic module, an electric device, and a power generation device including the perovskite solar cell. In a first aspect of the application, there is provided a perovskite solar cell comprising a first electrode, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode, wherein the perovskite layer and the electron transport layer are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode in a layer-by-layer manner, and the material of the electron transport layer comprises one or more of compounds with structures shown in the following formula (I): Wherein, the N is 2, 3, 4 or 5; Each X 1、Y1、X2、Y2 independently comprises H, F, cl or Br; ar in each repeating unit independently comprises a C6-C8 aryl or a 5-8 membered heteroaryl; R 1、R2 and R 3、R4 in each repeating unit each independently comprise H or C1-C20 alkyl. The material with the structure shown in the formula (I) is used as the electron transmission layer of the perovskite solar cell, so that the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, higher photoelectric conversion efficiency is achieved, and the material is particularly suitable for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell with a trans-structure. In one embodiment, ar in each repeating unit independently comprises a phenyl group or a 5-6 membered heteroaryl group. The phenyl or 5-6 membered heteroaryl is adopted to enhance the overall plane rigidity of the molecular structure and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency. In one embodiment, ar in each repeating unit independently comprises a group as shown below: Wherein Z comprises O, S or Se. By adopting the 5-membered heteroaryl, the overall plane rigidity of the molecular structure can be enhanced, the charge extraction capacity is further improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved. In one embodiment, the material of the electron transport layer includes one or more of the compounds having a structure represented by the following formula (I-1): The number of the connected perylene tetracarboxylic diimide structures is reasonably controlled, so that the material has better solubility or lower melting point while the efficiency of the device is improved, and the material is suitable for different production processes, such as a solvent method or an evaporation method. In one embodiment, the material of the electron transport layer comprises one or more of the following compounds: In one embodiment, the thickness of the electron transport layer is 20 nm-30 nm. The thickness of the electron transport layer is reasonably controlled, the extraction of charges is more facilitated, and meanwhile, the charge transport efficiency is high, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved. In one embodiment, the perovskite layer material includes Cs aFAbMAcPbdSneIfBrg, where a is 0-0.25, b is 0.75-1, c is 0-0.1, d is 0.5-1, e is 0-0.5, f is 2-3, and g is 0-1. The material of the appropriate perovskite layer is adopted in a matching way, so that on one hand, the extraction of charges is facilitated, on the other hand, the material has more matched energy levels, and the photoel