CN-122003290-A - Carbon dioxide capture and storage in industrial chemical processes

CN122003290ACN 122003290 ACN122003290 ACN 122003290ACN-122003290-A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for purifying a gas stream comprising 30.0 to 99.8mol% carbon dioxide and 0.1 to 60.0mol% water, and the use of said method or apparatus for purifying a carbon dioxide stream originating from an industrial chemical process and using said purified carbon dioxide stream as a feed stream in a further industrial chemical process or in beverage production or carbon capture storage.

Inventors

KONS GERMAIN
JP Ku Pule
C. H. Powell
R. Bross
W. FISCHER

Assignees

巴斯夫欧洲公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20241011
Priority Date: 20231013

Claims (15)

1. A method for purifying a carbon dioxide stream, the method comprising the steps of: Providing a gas stream comprising 30.0 to 99.8mol% carbon dioxide and 0.1 to 60.0mol% water, and additionally comprising one or both of 25 to 10000mol-ppm, preferably 50 to 7500mol-ppm, more preferably 100 to 5000mol-ppm oxygen and/or 10 to 5000mol-ppm, preferably 25 to 2500mol-ppm, more preferably 50 to 1500mol-ppm ethylene; Subjecting the gas stream to a hydrogenation step for removing oxygen and/or ethylene from the gas stream in the presence of a metal catalyst, preferably a catalyst comprising platinum, palladium and/or ruthenium, more preferably a catalyst comprising platinum or palladium, and preferably supported by a support material; Subjecting the gas stream to one or more compression steps so as to obtain a compressed gas stream having a pressure of from 20 to 50barg, preferably from 25 to 47barg, more preferably from 30 to 45 barg; Cooling the compressed gas stream downstream of the hydrogenation step and the one or more compression steps to obtain a cooled compressed gas stream having a pressure of 20 to 50barg, preferably 25 to 47barg, more preferably 30 to 45barg and a temperature of 25 to 55 ℃, preferably 30 to 50 ℃, more preferably 35 to 45 ℃; Adsorbing water from the cooled compressed gas stream in a water adsorption unit to obtain a dry gas stream having a water content of 20 to 50barg, preferably 25 to 47barg, more preferably 30 to 45barg, a temperature of 25 to 55 ℃, preferably 30 to 50 ℃, more preferably 35 to 45 ℃, an oxygen content of less than 100ppm-mol, preferably 0ppm-mol to 50ppm-mol, an ethylene content of less than 10ppm-mol, preferably 0ppm-mol to 7.5ppm-mol, an ethylene content of less than 0.1mol, preferably 0 to 0.05mol, more preferably 0 to 0.02mol%, and a carbon dioxide content of 96.5 to 100mol, preferably 97.0 to 100mol, more preferably 97.5 to 100 mol%.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the gas stream originates from a process for producing ethylene oxide and/or ethylene glycol.
3. A process according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the gas stream is compressed to a pressure of from 3 to 12barg, preferably from 5 to 10barg, more preferably from 6 to 8barg, prior to hydrogenation.
4. The process according to any of the preceding claims, wherein in the hydrogenation step the gas stream is subjected to a stream comprising 99.0 to 100mol% hydrogen, preferably having a pressure of 3 to 12barg, more preferably 5 to 10barg, still more preferably 6 to 9barg and/or a temperature of preferably 10 to 45 ℃, more preferably 12 to 40 ℃, more preferably having a pressure of 0.1 to 1.0barg, preferably 0.2 to 0.5barg higher than the compressed gas stream before hydrogenation.
5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the gas stream is subjected to two to ten compression steps, preferably three to eight compression steps, more preferably five to six compression steps to obtain the compressed gas stream.
6. The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the water adsorption unit comprises an aluminosilicate as an adsorbent.
7. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein during regeneration mode, adsorbed water is removed from the adsorbent by temperature swing adsorption.
8. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the total mass flow of the gas stream is in the range of 2,500kg/h to 60,000kg/h, preferably 3,000kg/h to 50,000kg/h, more preferably 5,000kg/h to 45,000 kg/h.
9. The method according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising the step of: Providing a second gas stream comprising 40.0mol% to 99.9mol% carbon dioxide and 0.1mol% to 60.0mol% water; Subjecting the second gas stream to one or more compression steps so as to obtain a compressed second gas stream having a pressure of from 20 to 50barg, preferably from 25 to 47barg, more preferably from 30 to 45 barg; Cooling the compressed second gas stream downstream of the hydrogenation step and the one or more compression steps to obtain a cooled compressed second gas stream having a pressure of 20 to 50barg, preferably 25 to 47barg, preferably 30 to 45barg and a temperature of 25 to 55 ℃, preferably 30 to 50 ℃, more preferably 35 to 45 ℃; Combining the cooled compressed second gas stream and the cooled compressed gas stream to obtain a combined compressed gas stream, and Adsorbing water from the combined cooled compressed gas stream in a water adsorption unit to obtain a dry combined gas stream having a water content of 20 to 50barg, preferably 25 to 47barg, more preferably 30 to 45barg, a temperature of 25 to 55 ℃, preferably 30 to 50 ℃, more preferably 35 to 45 ℃, an oxygen content of less than 25ppm-mol, preferably 0ppm-mol to 20ppm-mol, an ethylene content of less than 10ppm-mol, preferably 0ppm-mol to 7.5ppm-mol, an ethylene content of less than 0.1mol, preferably 0 to 0.05mol, more preferably 0 to 0.02mol, and a carbon dioxide content of 96.5 to 100mol, preferably 97.0 to 100mol, more preferably 97.5 to 100 mol.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the second gas stream originates from a process for producing ammonia.
11. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the dry gas stream is used as a feed stream in industrial chemical processes or beverage production or stored in a carbon trap.
12. An apparatus for purifying a carbon dioxide stream, the apparatus comprising: Means for reducing the amount of oxygen and/or ethylene in the gas stream, preferably means for hydrogenating oxygen and/or ethylene, still more preferably a hydrogenator, wherein the means for reducing the amount of oxygen and/or ethylene in the gas stream comprises a metal catalyst, preferably a catalyst comprising platinum, palladium and/or ruthenium, more preferably a catalyst comprising platinum or palladium, and preferably supported by a support material; One or more, preferably two to ten, more preferably three to eight, still more preferably five to six components, preferably compressors, connected in series for compressing a gas stream comprising 30.0 to 99.8mol% carbon dioxide, 0.1 to 60.0mol% water, and additionally comprising one or both of 25 to 10000mol-ppm, preferably 50 to 7500mol-ppm, more preferably 100 to 5000mol-ppm oxygen and/or 10 to 5000mol-ppm, preferably 25 to 2500mol-ppm, more preferably 50 to 1500mol-ppm ethylene; means for cooling said compressed gas stream downstream of one or more of said means for compressing said gas stream, preferably a compressor; A water adsorption unit downstream of said means for cooling said compressed gas stream for adsorbing water from said cooled compressed gas stream, and Means for delivering the cooled compressed gas stream from the means for cooling the compressed gas stream to the water adsorption unit.
13. The device according to claim 12, wherein the water adsorption unit comprises at least two sub-units, preferably two to five sub-units, more preferably three sub-units, arranged in parallel.
14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 12 or 13, further comprising: A second set of one or more, preferably two to ten, more preferably three to eight, still more preferably five to six, components for compressing a gas stream, preferably a compressor, said gas stream comprising 40.0 to 99.9mol% carbon dioxide and 0.1 to 60.0mol% water; A second component for cooling the compressed gas stream downstream of the second set of one or more components for compressing the gas stream, preferably a compressor; means for delivering the compressed gas stream from the second means for cooling the compressed gas stream to the water adsorption unit.
15. Use of the method and/or apparatus according to any of the preceding claims for purifying a carbon dioxide stream derived from an industrial chemical process, preferably from a process for the production of ethylene oxide, and using the purified carbon dioxide stream as a feed stream in a further industrial chemical process or in beverage production or carbon capture storage.

Description

Carbon dioxide capture and storage in industrial chemical processes The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for purifying a gas stream comprising 30.0 to 99.8mol% carbon dioxide and 0.1 to 60.0mol% water, and the use of said method or apparatus for purifying a carbon dioxide stream originating from an industrial chemical process and using said purified carbon dioxide stream as a feed stream in a further industrial chemical process or in beverage production or carbon capture storage. Background Industrial chemistry is a source of carbon dioxide-containing byproduct streams that, when released into the environment, can have a significant impact on climate change. An exemplary industrial chemical process with a relatively high amount of carbon dioxide byproduct stream is a process for producing a base chemical (e.g., producing ethylene oxide or producing ammonia). The carbon dioxide may in turn be recycled and used as a feed stream for other industrial chemical processes or for other purposes, such as liquefied carbon dioxide used in the food industry. To be suitable for such recycling applications, the byproduct stream needs to be purified. In particular, water needs to be removed. Suitable materials for removing water from the gas stream are, for example, silicates or aluminum silicate or activated alumina or molecular sieves. For each of these adsorbents for removal of water, there is a need to optimize the process for purification of the carbon dioxide containing stream, especially according to the possible contaminants that may poison the water adsorbent chosen. Such contaminants are for example oxygen and ethylene. The present invention provides a method and apparatus for purifying a gas stream comprising 30.0 to 99.8mol% carbon dioxide and 0.1 to 30.0mol% water, the gas stream further comprising one or both of 25 to 10000mol-ppm, preferably 50 to 7500mol-ppm, more preferably 100 to 5000mol-ppm oxygen and/or 10 to 1000mol-ppm, preferably 25 to 750mol-ppm, more preferably 50 to 500mol-ppm ethylene. It has been found that by subjecting the gas stream to a hydrogenation step in the presence of a metal catalyst, oxygen and/or ethylene can be removed from the gas stream such that in the downstream process steps for adsorbing water, the oxygen and/or ethylene does not poison the adsorbent in the water adsorption unit. The process and apparatus have been optimized such that a purified stream is obtained with a water content of less than 0.1mol%, preferably from 0mol% to 0.05mol%, more preferably from 0mol% to 0.02mol% and a carbon dioxide content of from 96.5mol% to 100mol%, preferably from 97.0mol% to 100mol%, more preferably from 97.5mol% to 100mol%, which can be recycled and used as a feed stream for other industrial chemical processes or for other purposes, such as liquefied carbon dioxide used in the food industry, or can be stored in a carbon capture reservoir. Disclosure of Invention In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a method for purifying a carbon dioxide stream, the method comprising the steps of: Providing a gas stream comprising 30.0 to 99.8mol% carbon dioxide and 0.1 to 60.0mol% water, and additionally comprising one or both of 25 to 10000mol-ppm, preferably 50 to 7500mol-ppm, more preferably 100 to 5000mol-ppm oxygen and/or 10 to 5000mol-ppm, preferably 25 to 2500mol-ppm, more preferably 50 to 1500mol-ppm ethylene; Subjecting the gas stream to a hydrogenation step for removing oxygen and/or ethylene from the gas stream in the presence of a metal catalyst, preferably a catalyst comprising platinum, palladium and/or ruthenium, more preferably a catalyst comprising platinum or palladium, and preferably supported on a support material; Subjecting the gas stream to one or more compression steps so as to obtain a compressed gas stream having a pressure of from 20 to 50barg, preferably from 25 to 47barg, more preferably from 30 to 45 barg; Cooling the compressed gas stream downstream of the hydrogenation step and the one or more compression steps to obtain a cooled compressed gas stream having a pressure of 20 to 50barg, preferably 25 to 47barg, more preferably 30 to 45barg and a temperature of 25 to 55 ℃, preferably 30 to 50 ℃, more preferably 35 to 45 ℃; Adsorbing water from the cooled compressed gas stream in a water adsorption unit to obtain a dry gas stream having a water content of 20 to 50barg, preferably 25 to 47barg, more preferably 30 to 45barg, a temperature of 25 to 55 ℃, preferably 30 to 50 ℃, more preferably 35 to 45 ℃, an oxygen content of less than 100ppm-mol, preferably 0ppm-mol to 50ppm-mol, an ethylene content of less than 10ppm-mol, preferably 0ppm-mol to 7.5ppm-mol, an ethylene content of less than 0.1mol%, preferably 0 to 0.05mol%, more preferably 0 to 0.02mol%, and a carbon dioxide content of 96.5 to 100mol%, preferably 97.0 to 100mol%, more preferably 97.5 to 100 mol%. In a second aspect, the present invention relates to an apparatus for purifyi